Vocabulary多媒体教案及点评

小学六年级语法教案

许正宝

教学内容：语法教学

知识点

1. be动词过去式和规则动词过去式的应用

2.一般过去时的用法

3.一般过去时的句型转换

教学目标：

使学生初步感知和理解一般过去时

教学过程：

1.导入过程：询问小朋友昨天做了什么，现在在做什么。

2.让学生认识到这两句话的区别:（1）我正在上课。

I am having a leson.

（2）我昨天上课了。I had a lesson yesterday.

3.一般过去时的用法

（1）句中出现ago, yesterday, last night, in 1995, two days ago, last week等表示过去的时间状语，动词用过去式。例句：

I did my homework last night.

（2）表示过去经常或反复的动作。常与always，often等连用。

例句：He always went to work by bus last year.

与一般现在时比较：He always goes to work by bus.(说明他现在常常坐车去工作）

（3）过去的故事。例句：A little boy pointed at the king and laughed. (The king’s new clothes)

4.一般过去时的规则：一般过去时由动词的过去时表示，除be动词以外，其余动词的过去式没有人称和数的变化。Be动词第一人称单数和第三人称单数用was，其余用were. 动词过去式的构成分为规则动词和不规则动词两种。规则动词的变化按规则进行，不规则动词的变化则要逐一记忆。

Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：

（1）am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。如：I was busy this morning.

He was busy this morning. （2）are在一般过去时中变为were。如： We were in the classroom yesterday. They were tired last night.

【例题1】My father

ill yesterday. A.

is

B.

are

C.

was

D.

were 【解析】主语是单数，可排除B和D选项，yesterday是过去时间，动词应用过去式，所以正确答案选C

【例题2】The twins

in Dalian last year. They

here now. A.

are; were

B.

were; are

C. was; are

D. were; was 【解析】前后两句主语都是复数，可排除C和D；前一句时态是过去，后一句时态是现在，所以正确答案是B

规则动词的过去式变化情况: （1）一般情况，在动词的词尾直接加-ed, 如：help—helped ask—asked work—worked

（2）以不发音的e结尾的动词，直接加d, 如： live—lived use—used like—liked

（3）以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母（辅音+元音+辅音），再加-ed, 如：

stop—stopped fit—fitted beg—begged

（4）以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，改y为i再加ed, 如:study—studied

carry—carried cry—cried （5）特殊情况：不规则变化，is/am--was

are--were

do--did

get--got

eat--ate

cut--cut

read--read

规则动词过去式的发音规律：

（1） 清辅音（/t/ 除外）后，加ed, ed发/t/, 如：worked finished （2） 浊辅音（/d/ 除外）后，加ed, ed发/d/,如：called loved （3） 元音后加ed, ed发/d/, 如：played tried （4）

在重读/t/ /d/ 后ed 发/id/ 如：planted

waited

needed 【例题3】Jim

(do) a lot yesterday. He

(go) shopping and

(cook) lunch.{用动词适当形式填空} 【解析】句中出现yesterday, 所以是过去时态，动词都应用过去式。

did/went/cooked, did和went 都是不规则变化。

【例题4】They

(look) at the king and

(shout).{用动词适当形式填空} 【解析】句中无明显时间状语，因为是过去的故事，所以动词用过去式表示。looked/shouted

5.一般过去时的句型转换

否定句：(1)was/were + not = wasn’t/weren’t

(2)主语后did + not +动词原形

= didn’t + 动词原形

例句：There were not a lot of people in the street.

The king was not happy.

The king didn’t like old clothes

一般疑问句：（1）把was或were调到句首

（2）在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形

（3）回答中的动词也是过去式

例句：1. There were some apples on the table.-------were there any apples on the table.

2. Nancy brought many dumplings.-------Did Nancy bring many dumplings?---Yes, she did./No, she didn’t.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句

what did you do for the holiday?

Where did he go for the holiday?

How was your holiday?

Why did you call me? 【例题5】陈述句：He was born in Nanjing.

否定句:

He was not born in Nanjing.

一般疑问句：

Was he born in Nanjing?

特殊疑问句：

Where was he born?

【例题6】陈述句：I did my homework yesterday evening.

否定句：

I didn’t do my homework yesterday.

一般疑问句：

Did you do your homework yesterday evening?

特殊疑问句：

What did you do yesterday evening?