Warming up、Pre-reading、Reading、Comprehending优质课教案整理

Unit 4

Wildlife Protection

重点单词与短语

1. decrease v. 使（大小，数量）减小，降低

n. 减少，降低

[重点用法] decrease to…

减少到… (表示减少后的结果) 后接具体数字

decrease by…

减少了…(表示减少的程度)

后接分数或百分数

[练习] 1. An international study found that African lion numbers had decreased by half since 1993. 2. The production of wheat decreased by 15% because of the dry weather.

Become More

Become Less

go up

go down

increase

decrease

rise

fall

climb

drop 2. loss

[自我总结] Did you report the loss of your jewels to the police?

失窃

He’ll try his best to make up the loss.

损失

What makes him unhappy was the loss of yesterday’s football match.

失利

[重点用法] be lost in thought 陷入沉思

suffer a great loss 遭受巨大损失

at a loss 困惑，不知所措

3. reserve 1) [C] a piece of land reserved for a purpose 2) [C] a quantity of sth. kept for future use. 3) v. to keep for a special purpose.

4) vt

book [自我总结]

We drove the car slowly and watched the lions in the nature reserve.

保护区

I must keep a good reserve of energy for tomorrow’s match.

储备

You’d better reserve the money for future need.

预存

We must reserve two seats on the plane.

预定

4. wild adj. 野生的, 野的, 未驯化的；无居民的, 荒凉的

[典例]

1) He enjoys filming wild animals.

2) We walked into a wild mountain region.

[重点用法] be wild about sth/sb（对某事/某人）极热心或热爱

be wild with…

因……而发狂

go/become wild 变得狂躁

[拓展] wildness

n. 野蛮；原始；荒凉

近义词：barbarian n. 野蛮人

adj. 野蛮的；未开化的

[练习] 汉译英

1). 群众欣喜若狂。

People went wild./People became wild.

2). 孩子们都特别喜欢这个新计算机。

Children are wild about this new computer./Children are wild with this new computer.

5. relief

n. （痛苦﹑

困苦﹑

忧虑等的）减轻或解除

[典例]

1). The drug gives some relief from pain.

一些缓解

2). I breathed/heaved a sigh of relief when I heard he was safe.

松了口气

[重点用法] (much) to one’s relief 使某人大为放心；使某人深感宽慰

[练习] 中译英

1). 我最庆幸的是没有迟到。

__To my relief, I am/was not late./Much to my relief, I am/was not late.__________

2). 见到你在这儿也就放心了。

___I breathed a sigh of relief when I saw you here.____

6. hunt

vt. & vi. 打猎; 猎取; 搜索

[典例]

1). Wolves hunt in packs.

狼以群而猎

2). Police are hunting an escaped criminal.

警察正在追捕逃犯

[重点用法] hunt for 试图找到（某物[某人]）

hunt after 探求；追求

in the hunt(美俚语，意为有机会) [拓展] hunter 狩猎者，猎人

[练习] 中译英

1). 我在寻找一本失去的书。

I’m hunting for a lost book.

2). 许多人一生追求成名，但一无所获。Many of us hunt after being famous, but(it’s) all in vain.

7. distant

n. （空间或时间）远隔的, 遥远的

[典例]

1). The airport is about ten miles distant from the city.

（空间）

遥远的

2). She is a distant cousin of mine.

远房的，疏远的

[重点用法] be distant with / towards sb. 对……冷淡

[练习] 中译英

1). 这两种学说之间没有什么关联。

These two theories are distant with each other.

2). 她对妈妈总是很冷淡。

She is always being distant with/toward her mother.

8. mercy n. 仁慈; 宽恕; 宽容; 恩惠; 幸运

[典例]

1). They showed mercy to their enemies.

2). It's a mercy she wasn't hurt in the accident.

[重点用法] at the mercy of sb/sth任由某人[某事物]摆布或控制

have mercy on / upon对……有怜悯心

[练习] 中译英

1). 那只船在暴风雨中失去控制。

___This ship was at the mercy of rainstorm._____ 2). 可怜可怜我们吧。

___We (do) beg your mercy! 9. certain adj. 确定的；某一；一定

1. They allowed tourists to hunt only a _certain_ number of animals if they paid the farmers.

如果游客付给农民钱的话，农民允许游客猎取一定数量的动物。

2. That project will cost a _certain_ amount of money.

那个工程需要一定的开销。

3. He was absent from the meeting for a _certain_ reason.

他因某种理由而缺席会议。

[重点用法]

for certain 无疑地，确定地

make certain (that) 弄清楚，弄明白，弄确实

make certain of sth. / of doing sth 确定做某事

It is certain that

be certain of sth

[练习]用certain的短语完成句子

1.I can’t say __for certain/certainly_(准确地) when he will arrive.

2. __It is certain __ (一定的) that he will come to my party this evening.

3. You’d better leave now to _be certain /make certain (确保) of getting there on time. 10. affect

vt 影响；感动；侵袭

1. The global warming __affects_________ the rainfall here

全球变暖影响了这里的降雨量。

2. He was deeply ___affected_________ by the story.

他被那个故事深深感动了。

3. Cancer had __affected___ his lungs.

癌已侵袭到他的肺部。

[重点用法]

effect ( UC ) 影响；效果

have an effect on

对……有影响

come into effect

bring/carry sth into effect

11. in danger of in danger of 意为“有…的危险，处于…的危险之中。danger 可由great修饰。

[重点用法] dangerous adj. 有危险的，不安全的

in danger 处于危险中

out of danger 脱离危险

12. pay attention to 注意

[典例]

1). Please pay attention to what I am saying.

2). She turned her attention to a new problem.

[短语归纳] catch sb's attention=draw one’s attention 吸引某人的注意

give one's attention to

注意……

[练习] 中译英

1). 报纸的大标题引起他的注意。

__The headline of the newspaper caught his attention./The headline of the newspaper drew his attention____ 2). 她要我注意报告中的一处错误。

____He suggested that I (should) pay attention to the mistake in the report./He asked me to give (my) attention to the mistake in the report.____ 13. die out（指物种）死光；灭绝, 火慢慢熄灭

[典例]

1). The habitat is being destroyed and it has nearly died out.

[短语归纳] die away减弱（以至觉察不到）；淡化

die down逐渐降低；减弱

be dying 垂死的

be dying for/to do sth.渴望

die of 死于（饥饿；病）

die from死于（外界引起的）

die hard很难改变；顽固

die off 相继死去

[练习] 用die 构成的词组填空

1). The noise of the car _died down_ in the distance.

2). The old traditions are _dying away. 3). The man __died of___ a wound

4). I'm _dying for_ something to eat.

14. come into being形成；产生（不可用于被动语态或进行时态）

[典例] Dinosaurs lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being.千百万年前，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多。

[短语归纳] come into effect实施

come into use投入使用

come into power上台执政

[练习]用

come的相关词汇填空

1). When did the world _come into being__?

2). The new seat-belt regulations __came into effect__ last week.

3). When did this word _come into use_? 15. turn around

转身，经济好转，扭转

翻译：

1. 转过身去让我看看你的后背。

Turn around and let me see your back

2. 这个城市的经济有了好转。

The economy turned back in this city/The economy of this city turned back.

与turn相关的短语

turn down 调小，拒绝

turn on打开

turn off 关掉，不再听，厌烦

turn to 求助于

turn over翻转，认真思考

turn in上交，交还

turn up 调大，出现

turn out 熄灭

重点句子

1. She turned around and there was an antelope with a sad face looking at her.她转过身看到一只羚羊带着忧郁的神色望着她。

[解释]此句可改成：

She turned around and there was an antelope which was looking at her with a sad face. “with a sad face looking at her” 为with的复合结构，即with +名词、代词（介词宾语）+v.-ing（宾补）。可充当宾补的还有分词、不定式、形容词、副词及介词短语。简单总结为：with +宾语+-v.-ed /v.-ing /to do）作伴随状语或定语

[典例] With some students following behind, he came in. [练习] 中译英

1). 站着的时候不要把手插在口袋里。

____Don’t stand with your hands in your pocket.______________ 2). 新老板很担心，因为有很多事要处理。

____The new boss is upset, with a lot of things to deal with./ ______ 2. They set the number of animals to be hunted. 他们拨出一定数量的动物供人们捕猎。

[解释]to be hunted为动词不定式的被动式，在此作animals的后置定语。不定式作定语时，在句中如果能找到不定式动作的执行者，常用不定式的主动式，找不到时常用不定式的被动式。

[典例] The first thing to be done is to tidy up the office. The first thing for you to do is to tidy up the office. [练习] 中译英

1). 在我们出发之前，这辆车必须修理一下。

__ The first thing to be done is to repair this car before setting off.______ 2). 会议明天举行。

The meeting is to be held tomorrow.