Grammar优质课教案

M6 U5

Grammar Unreal conditionals 虚拟语气

【

学习目标】Students are expected to learn when to use Unreal conditionals and how to use Unreal conditionals.

【知识准备】英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。

条件状语从句分类

条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。

eg：

1. If he doesn't hurry up, he will miss the bus. 2.If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories.

3.If I were you, I would go at once.

4.If there were no air, people would die. 以上四句中

和

是真实语气

；

和

是虚拟语气

【自主探究】一、状语从句中的虚拟语气

(一) if 引导的条件状语从句

1 If I had time, I would attend the meeting. 2. If I were you, I should seize the opportunity to go abroad. 3. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams. 4. If he had come earlier, he wouldn’t have missed the first bus.

5 If the headmaster came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. 6 If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. 7 If he should make a mistake, you should not blame him. 与现在事实相反

与过去事实相反

与将来事实相反

感悟：与现在事实相反

1. If I were a doctor, I might save her life without hesitation. 2. If I stayed at home now, I could play computer games.

总结形式：

时态

if条件从句

主

句

与现在事实相反

译一译: 1. 如果我是个男孩，我就去参军。

2. 如果我中了彩票，我就去旅行。

3．如果他现在在这儿，我们就会问他关于这个问题。

感悟：与过去事实相反

1. If I had earned a lot of money last year, I would have bought a car. 2. If the earthquake hadn’t happened in Wen chuan in 2008, many people wouldn’t have lost families.

总结形式：

时态

if 条件从

句

主句

与过去事实相反

练一练：1. If the farmer hadn’t seen the snake, he _______________ (not put) it in the arms.

2. If he ______________ (not put) it in the arms, the snake wouldn’t have bitten him.

3. If the snake _______________ (not bite) him, he________________ (not die). 4.If my lawyer ___________(not be here ) last Saturday , he ____________(prevent ) me from going .

感悟：与将来事实相反

1. In the future, if I had 10,000,000 yuan, I would buy a house.

2. If the water in the Pacific Ocean were to be poured out, it wouldn’t stop my love.

3. If he should come tomorrow, I would talk to him about it. 总结形式:

时态

if 条件从句

主句

与将来事实相反

译一译：1.Would you know my name if I saw you in heaven? would it be the same if I saw you in heaven? Would you hold my hand if I saw you in heaven? Would you help me stand if I saw you in heaven?

2.他要是敢解雇我，我就泄露他的秘密。

3.要是将来我赚了一千万，我就自己建立一个学校。

（二）：条件状语的倒装：

如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他

1.

If I were you, I would try it again.

___________________, I would try it again.

2. If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.

_______________ there yesterday, he would have seen the film. 3. If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out.

_____________ tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out. 注意：在省略句型中，只有had done 的had 才能省略，实义动词had 不能省。

If I had time now, I would go to the library.

Had I time now, …….

(误）

（三）．错综时间条件句：假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。

1. If the weather had been fined, the crops would be growing still better. 2. If you had followed the teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t be in the hospital.

1

3. If you had come and attended the meeting yesterday, you __________(know) what we are doing now.

And I pleaded with you

4.If you __________(take) my advice then, you _________________________(现在就不会有麻烦了) 5. _____ her husband _________(kill) in the war, she would not be helping others with housework now. （四）：含蓄条件句：有时虚拟的条件不是通过条件句来表示，而是用一些词或短语，如

without, but for, or , otherwise等，这种句子叫含蓄条件句。

1. But for electricity ( = If it were not for electricity ), there would be no modern industry. 2. Without your help (If it had not been for your help), we could not have succeed. 3. I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meet. 练一练：填入合适的动词形式。

1）Without air, there ____________no life on the earth. (be) 2）He __________________ but for his teacher’s timely advice. (fail)

3）We ___________________ the work better in that case. (do) 4）He would have come to see you yesterday morning but he _____________an important meeting to attend. (have)

【巩固提升】

当堂训练：

1. If you __________ (speak) to him last time you saw him, you __________ (know) what to do now. 2. If I ____ (have not ) so much work to do , I __________ (not miss) the film last night. 3. If you _________ (hesitate) this moment, you_____ (suffer) in future. 4. If Mary ________________________ (arrive) today, she must have started three days ago. 5. If it ___________ (snow) last night, it ____________(be) very cold today. 6. ---Why didn’t he come?

----He ______________but she didn’t have time. (come)

7. She would put on weight but she __________(not eat ) enough. 8. 要不是你的帮助，我是不会成功通过考试的。

9. 如果不是你的建议，我们不可能克服这些困难。

10. 如果不是窗户开着睡觉，你就不会感冒了。

11. 我不知道他的电话号码，否则的话，我就会给他打电话了。

12.如果我们继续这样折腾地球，我们将来将无立足之地。

【金曲欣赏】Because I Love You （Find and underline where the subjunctive is used）

If I got down on my knees

If I crossed a million oceans

Just to be with you

Would you ever let me down?

If I climbed the highest mountain

Just to hold you tight

If I said that I would love you

Every single night

Would you ever let me down?

Well I'm sorry if it sounds kind of sad

It's just sad I'm worried, so worried

That you'll let me down

Because I love you

I love you. Love you

So don't let me down

If I swan the longest river

Just to call your name

If I said the way I fell for you

Would never change

Would you ever fool around?

Well I'm sorry if that sounds kind of bad

It's just bad I'm worried; I'm so worried

That you'll let me down

Because I love you

Love you, love you

【homework：作业】

1.

discuss and conclude other forms of subjunctive 2.

to finish some excises about subjunctive 2