Grammar and usage(2): Unreal conditions设计意图

M6U3 Grammar虚拟语气

一. The story about Titanic On April 10, 1912, the Titanic 1.

(sail) from the UK to the US. A rich girl 2.

(call) Rose got on the ship with her mother and her fiance Carl.

Rose was asked to marry Carl because of her family trouble, but Rose was unwilling 3.

(marry) such a cold and selfish businessman. She felt so 4.

(hope) that she decided to make suicide by 5.

(jump) off the deck. Just then, Jack appeared. Jack was a poor artist, and he even got his ticket by winning a poker game with his friend. Of course, Rose was 6.

(rescue) by Jack. And after that, the two young often talked to each other, and soon they fell in love 7.

each other. However, Rose’s mother was very angry and against them 8.

(strong).

One night, the two young stood on the top of the ship, 9.

(enjoy) the freedom and the beautiful sea view. Suddenly, the ship hit an iceberg and would sink totally within only a few hours. Carl ordered someone to lock Jack in a small room. Rose gave up the chance to get on a boat to survive, and turned to look for Jack. Fortunately, she found him.

Finally the ship sank into the deep sea. Jack gave up the chance to survive and helped Rose get on a board. 10.

(fortunate), Jack himself died in the freezing cold water. It’s a romantic and tragic story.

二. If you were Jack or Rose, what would you say? Scene One:

Rose is a rich girl who is bound by various powers. She is trapped in a loveless engagement.

Jack is a penniless artist who won his third-class ticket in a poker game.

If you were Jack or Rose, what would you say?

例一: Rose: If I had much money, I would control my fate(命运).

如果我有很多钱，我将掌控我的命运。

Jack: If I were rich, I would buy a ship.

如果我很富有，我将买一艘船。

(Were I rich, I would buy a ship.) If I bought a ship, I would sail (sail) for America.

如果我买了一艘船，我将航行去美国。

总结一：1.

if从句的谓语动词形式

Present 与

事实相反

主句的谓语动词形式

2. 从句的谓语动词中有

，

可以省略

，且将

放到句首。

练习一：

1. If I

（have）a lot of money now, I

(travel) around the world.

2. If they

(be) here now, they

(take) your advice.

3. If the world war

(burst) out again right now, what

(happen) to our people on earth.

4. Amy always says, “ If I

(be) a boy, I

(join) the army.”

5. If the policeman

(be not) in that room, it would be very dangerous.

6. If I

(be) in your position, I would ask for teacher’s help.

7. If Sam

(be) here at this moment, he

(be) so excited about meeeting a famous scholar in the flesh(活生生的，本人).

8. If I

（can）paint, I

(paint) you an abstract painting in the style of Matisse now. 1

9. Mr Lin isn’t here. If he

(be), he

(help) you with your geometry(几何学).

10. If I

(have) the chance, I

(have) the cloned baby right now.

Scene Two:

occurred. The Titanic hit

When they decided to get together regardless of everyhing, the disaster

the iceberg and had no doubt to sink. If you were Jack, what would you say to Rose? 例二: 1. Rose, if I hadn’t won the ticket, I wouldn’t have been on board.

露丝，如果我没有赢得那张票，我就不会上船。

(Had I not won the ticket, I wouldn’t have been on board.)

2. If I hadn’t been on board, I wouldn’t have met you.

如果我没有上船，我就不会遇到你。

(Had I not been on board, I wouldn’t have been on board.)

3. If we hadn’t been on board, we wouldn’t have met this disaster.

如果我们没有上船，我们就不会遇到这场灾难。

(Had we not been on board, we wouldn’t have met this disaster.)

4. If the ship hadn’t struck an iceberg, it wouldn’t have sunk.

如果船没有撞到冰山，它就不会沉。

(Had the ship not struck an iceberg, It wouldn’t have sunk.)

5. If there had been enough life boats, we would have got on the boat.

如果有足够的救生船，我们就能上船。

(Had there been enough life boats, we would have got on the boat.) 总结二：1.

if从句的谓语动词形式

主句的谓语动词形式

Past 与

事实相反

2. 从句的谓语动词中有助动词

，

可以省略

，且将

放到句首。

练习二：

（1）. 单句语法填空

1. If I

(be) busy last night, I

(go) to watch the film with you. 2. If he

(drive) more carefully, he

(have) the car accident yesterday. 3. If I

(learn) how to swim, I

(be) trapped in this island. 4. If I

(know) your telephone number, I _____________________

(telephone) you yesterday. 5. If Tom

(be) more careful in the exam, he

(pass) it already. 6. If I

(meet) you yesterday, we

(go) to the concert together.

（2）. 单句改错

1. If I were not busy last night, I would have gone to watch the film with you.

2. If he drove more carefully, he wouldn’t have had the car accident yesterday.

3. If Tom had been more careful in the exam, he would pass it already.

4. If you got up earlier, you might have caught the first train.

5. If I met you yesterday, we would go to the concert together. Scene Three:

Rose had a chance to go on the life boat but she thought she couldn’t leave Jack alone, so she

gave up the chance. They fell into the cold water, Rose promised Jack that she would survive and

never give up no matter what happened and how hopeless and never let go that promiss.

If you were Jack, what would you say to Rose? 2

例三: 1. Rose，

If we were/ should be/ were to be alive, I would marry you some day.

露丝，如果我们活着，将来某一天我会娶你。

(Were we alive, I would marry you some day.)

(Should we be alive, I would marry you some day.)

(Were we to be alive, I would marry you some day.)

2. If we married/ should marry/ were to marry, we would live a happy life in the future.

如果我们结婚，在未来我们将过得很开心。

(Should we marry, we would live a happy life in the future.)

(Were we to marry, we would live a happy life in the future.) 总结三：1.

If从句的谓语动词形式

主句的谓语动词形式

Future

与

事实相反

2. 从句的谓语动词中有

或

，

可以省略

，且将

或

放到句首。

练习三：

1. If there

(be) no natural resources any more, we

(make) use of nuclear power in the future.

2. What

(happen) if you

(get) up too late tomorrow.

3. If Robots

(control) the world some day, here

(be) no friendship.

4. If he

(get) up early tomorrow, he

(be) on time.

5. If you

(get) a full mark next time, I

(treat) you to a wonderful performance.

6. If I

(live) in the twenty-second century, I

(spend) my vacation in a very different way.

7. If you

(travel) to the moon one day, you

(find) it quite diferent from the earth.

三.Summary

1. 虚拟语气从句与主句谓语形式一览表

与现在事实相反

与过去事实相反

与将来事实相反

If 从句谓语动词

主句谓语动词

2. 从句的谓语动词中有

、

或助动词

，

可以省略

，且将

、

或

放到句首。

四.Exercise

(1). 单句语法填空

1. If all places

(be) alike, there would be little need for geographers.

2. Everything

(be distroyed) if Albert hadn’t called the firefighter.

3. If it

(be) for the heavy rain, we

(climb)the Mount Emei yesterday.

4. If I

(be) ten years younger in the future, I

(be) very happy.

5. If Mr Deway

(be) present, he would have offered any pissible assistance to the people here.

6. We

(face) the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me?

7. I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I

(be injured). 3

8. We

（be）back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.

9.

you

（devote）yourself to your study, you could have made greater progress.

10. Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she

(live) there, she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often.

11. —It rained cats and dogs this morning. I’m glad we took an umbrella.

—

Yeah，we would have got wet all over if we

(take) one.

12. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I

(have) time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.

13.

it

(not be) for your help, I couldn’t have made any progress.

14.

it

(rain) tomorrow, the match would be called off. 15. Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she

(get) a job, she probably wouldn’t be able to see her friends very often.

(2).语法填空

Dean：Nice to meet you! I love your music and always listen to your songs when I’m not playing basketball.

Hank : Nice to meet you! I’m a big fan of yours too. I used to love watching you play basketball when I was young. If I hadn’t attended school, I wouldn’t 1.

(miss) any of your games. I like palying basketball too. If I 2.

(practice) harder when I was younger, I would have become a basketball player.

Dean :

Well, if I 3.

(have) a gift for music like you do, I would have become a singer. It must be amazing to sing and perform 4.

stage and have so many people watching you. I know that you have raised a lot of money for people 5.

(affect) by the recent tsunami. That is very kind of you.

Hank: I do it because helping others makes me feel good. If everyone 6.

(help) those in need, the world would be a much better place. I read in the newspaper 7.

you recently visited your old primary school to play basketball with the children. That was really nice of you. I was preparing for my concert at the time. If I had had time, I would 8.

(join) you and sung for the children.

Dean : Maybe next time, we can arrange that. I heard you’re going to perform in London in August. I will miss it 9.

I’m going to the USA to play a big game. If I 10.

(not have) to leave, I would watch it. Good luck with you anyway!

Hank: Thank you. Nice talking to you.

五. Concluding remarks(有5处错误)

It tell us a story, a story about a woman and a man, a story about love and life. There are many things included pictures, a necklace, laughter and tears, wealthy and poverty(n.贫穷), life and death... like every story. But all of it are not important. Most important thing is enjoying every day with love and dignity(n.尊严). It's only a story, but in someone's memory, it means all. 六. Homework

Make up a dialogue between Jack and Rose using all of the three sentence structures of the unreal conditionals. Eg:

Jack: If I hadn’t met you in my life, I would have regretted all my life.

Rose: If the rescue workers came now, we would be rescued.

Jack: If you should be alive, you would have a happy life.

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