Grammar名师教学设计

Module 3 Interpersonal Relationships-Friendships Period 5

Grammar

【课程学习目标】学习自主化

1. Learn about adverbial clauses with having done. 2. Learn about verbs followed by –ing or the infinitive with to. 【课程导学建议】导学规范化

1. Teaching objectives: a. adverbial clauses with having done

b. verbs followed by –ing or the infinitive with to

2. Learning ability goals Help students to learn about adverbial clauses with having done.

Enable students to use

verbs followed by –ing or the infinitive with to. 3. Teaching important points

Enable students to learn about adverbial clauses with having done. Help students to use

verbs followed by –ing or the infinitive with to

4. Teaching difficult points Know how to use verbs followed by –ing or the infinitive with to. 5. Teaching methods

Task-based method, discussing, explaining and practicing. 6. Teaching aids

A computer, a projector and a tape recorder.

【课堂预习交流】知识问题化·问题层次化

Fill in the blanks with right word forms. 1. I forgot ________ (turn) off the light when I went to bed last night. So the light was on the whole night. 2. I forgot ________ (see) the film before, so I went to see it a second time. 3. _____________ (finish) their work, they had a rest. 4. ________ (hear) the news, he burst into tears. 5. ______________________ （never hear）of the pyramid, he was puzzled when I said it. 6. _________________ (drink) the office, she washed the cup. 答案

1. to turn

2. seeing

3. Having finished

4. Hearing

5. Never having heard

6. Having drunk 【课堂预习导学】问题层次化

Ⅰ. Make the students think about adverbial clauses with having done. Ⅱ. Have a discussion about how to use

verbs followed by –ing or the infinitive with to.

Ⅲ. Encourage the students to learn about how to use adverbial clauses with having done correctly. Ⅳ. Make the students have a discussion about how to use verbs followed by –ing or the infinitive with to. I. 现在分词的完成式作状语

1. 现在分词形式的完成式由“having + v.-ed形式”构成。它表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词之前。现在分词形式的完成式在句中即可作原因状语，也可作时间状语。现在分词形式的完成式只表示在谓语动词以前完成的动作，与现实时间并没有联系。只有谓语动词才表示出现实时间。其否定式为“not + having + v.-ed”。

【即学即练】

（1）_____ ______ in this city for these years, she knows it very well. 在这个城市生活了3年，她对这里已很熟悉。

（2）______ _____ ______ his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。

（3）_______ ______ ______ a reply, he decided to write again. 由于没有得到回复，他决定再写一次。

（4）The old man, ______ ______ his son off, came back to the room. 老人送走儿子之后，回到屋里。

答案：（1）Having lived

（2）Not having studied

（3）Not having received

（4）having seen 【名师点拨】现在分词作状语，逻辑主语须与主句的主语一致，若不一致，可以有自己的逻辑主语，称之为独立主格结构。

Weather permitting, we will play golf this afternoon. 要是天气允许，我们今天下午打高尔夫球。

There being ice on the road, I told the driver to slow down. 路上有冰，我让司机开慢点。

We explored the caves, Peter acting as a guide. 由彼得当向导，我们探索了那些洞穴。

II. 动词后跟-ing形式与不定式形式

1. 某些动词或短语只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有：

advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, delay, practise, resist, suggest, depend on, think about, set about, succeed in, worry about, burst out, insist on, can’t stand, be used to, get used to, devote...to..., look forward to, pay attention to, get down to等。

【即学即练】

（1）I suggest _______ our summer vacation in a seaside town.

我建议在海滨城镇度过我们的暑假。

（2）You must give up ______, for it does too much harm to your health.

你必须戒烟,因为吸烟对你的健康危害很大。

（3）We got down to ______ the farmers with their harvest immediately we arrived on the farm. 我们一到农场就帮着农民收庄稼了。

答案：（1）spending

（2）smoking

（3）helping

2. 以下动词后,只能跟不定式作宾语：

agree, ask, aim, arrange, choose, decide, demand, expect, fail, help, hope, lean, long, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish等。

【即学即练】

（1）I decided _____ ______ for my money back.

我决定要回我的钱。

（2）The boy refused ______ ______ where he was from.

这个小孩拒绝说出他来自什么地方。

（3）She offered _____ ______

us with our painting exhibit but refused ______ ______

any reward.她主动帮助我们搞画展,但拒绝要任何的报酬。

答案：（1）to ask

（2）to say

（3）to help; to take

3. 有些动词既可接动名词,也可接不定式作宾语,这两种结构有时没有区别或区别很小,有时却区别较大。

(1) remember doing sth. / remember to do sth.

remember doing sth.表示“记得曾经做过或发生过的事”(动作已发生)。

remember to do sth.表示“记得要去做某事”(动作尚未发生)。

I remember turning off the light before I left home.

我记得离家前已经关了灯。

Please remember to call me after you get home.

到家后请记得给我打电话。

(2) forget doing sth. / forget to do sth.

forget doing sth.表示“忘记曾经做过的事”(事情已做但忘记了)。

forget to do sth.表示“忘记要做某事”(由于忘记而未做某事)。

I’ll never forget going to the Summer Palace with you last week.

我绝不会忘记上星期曾和你一起去过颐和园。

I have forgotten to tell him my name. 我忘了告诉他我的名字。

(3) go on doing sth. / go on to do sth.

go on doing sth.表示“继续做同一件事”(一直在做某事)。

go on to do sth.表示“接着去做别的事情”(从一件事转到另一件事)。

If you go on eating too much, you will get even fatter.

如果你继续吃得那么多,你会变得更胖。

After finishing her homework, my sister went on to do some housework.

我姐姐完成作业后,又做了一些家务活。

(4) stop doing sth./stop to do sth.

stop doing sth.表示“停止正在或一直在做的事”。

stop to do sth.表示“停止做某事”(转而去做别的事情)。

You really should stop smoking now. 你现在真该戒烟了。

When he saw me,he stopped to talk with me.

当他看到我时,便停下来和我谈话。

(5) try doing sth./try to do sth.

try doing sth.表示“试着做某事”(尝试着做某事看看会发生什么)。

try to do sth.表示“尽力去做某事”(设法去做较困难的事情)。

Why not try using a new method to solve the problem?

为何不尝试用一种新方法来解决这道难题呢?

We should try to understand the meaning of the passage, although it’s a bit difficult.

我们应尽力领会这篇短文的含义,尽管有点难度。

(6) mean doing sth./mean to do sth.

mean doing sth.表示“意味着做某事”。

mean to do sth.表示“计划做某事”。

Giving up just means failing. 放弃就意味着失败。

I’m sorry I didn’t mean to hurt your feelings.

对不起,我并非故意伤害你的感情。

【课程目标导学】技能系统化·系统个性化

1. Enable students to learn the use of v-ing. 2. Enable students to learn to use prep / conj + v-ing. 3. Enable students to understand the difference between prep + -ing.

and conj + -ing. 4. Enable students to grasp the important words, phrases and sentence structures in this period. 【课程达标检测】

用所给动词的适当形式填空

1. ________（teach）biology is his full-time job. 2. ________ (cut) down such a big tree in such hot weather in a day is beyond my ability. 3. What I want to do now is _________ (find) a place to rest. 4. His habit is ______________ (take) a walk after supper. 5. I suggest _________ (pay) another visit to the exhibition. 6. I’d like ________ (know) what they are up to at present.

答案：1. Teaching

2. To cut

3. to find

4. taking /to take

5. paying

6. to know