Unit 5 Problems and advice教学目标设计

Unit5 Problems and advice

First Period (text understanding)

Knowledge Objective:

to enable students to think about what they should do in certain situation

Competence Objective: to practice students’ speaking abilities

Emotional Objective: to help the students to master how to deal with the problems and advice

Teaching Procedures: I. Pre-instruction: Look at the pictures and discuss the problems. Since they may not agree with the advice given, you can ask them to sum up the many different ways that can be used to deal with these situations. II. Performance 1.

Have the students follow the directions of the exercise. Have them summarize the key words that helped them choose their answers. 2.

Then ask the students to read the questions and can the excerpts to find the relevant information. Check their answers. 3.

Students should learn how to deal with similar problems. Tell students what a school counselor is and help them understand the rubric. Ask students to discuss the questions: a.

Have you ever encountered a problem and had difficulty handing it by yourself? b.

If you don’t know how to deal with a problem, who do you turn to for advice? c.

Why do you turn to that person? d.

Have you ever done something that you regret? If so, have you thought of doing something to make up for it? III. Promotion: Help students summarize the three letters. Have students do D1 and D2 to check their understanding of the vocabulary. Then have the students relate to each other similar experiences they might have had. Homework: 1.

Review the verbal phrases 2.

Write a letter to a counselor asking for advice regarding some problem they have faced in their life or studies.

Second Period (vocabulary) Knowledge Objective: to enable students to learn vocabulary and phrases

Competence Objective: to know more words Emotional Objective: to learn to use dictionary Teaching Procedures: I. Pre-instruction: Review the passage. Ask the class to compare the performances of the two groups and discuss which ending is more reasonable or practical. II. Performance:

T: Thank so much for your wonderful performance, so we have got a good revision of the whole text, but do you have any difficulty with the vocabulary or phrases in the text?

S: …

T: When we meet with new words or phrases in your reading, we can turn to dictionary for help, 1.

,…when she accidentally knocked a flower pot from her window.

Accidentally eg. Columbus just discovered the American Continent accidentally.

Ant

on purpose, purposefully

You make it sound as if I did it

on purpose. accidentally adv. By chance Don’t blame him too much.意外地；偶然地

He dropped the vase accidentally. 别太责怪他，他是失手打碎花瓶的。accident n.事故；意外accidental adj.意外的；偶然的

2.

knock (v./n.) knock down: 1. 把某人撞倒，

2. 拆除；拆卸

3. [口语]降价

eg. (1). knock at(on) a door敲门

(2). No one answered our knocks. It smashed to the ground, narrowly

missing some children at play. smash v. to break noisily into many pieces 打破；打碎The teapot smashed to the ground while he was cleaning the table. 他擦桌子的时候茶壶掉地上摔碎了。smash

(vt./vi.)

eg. (1). She smashed the vase when she passed the table. (2). smash on the ground

(3). smash against the wall 3.

narrowly

(adv.)

eg. (1). I ngarrowly escaped the car accident yesterday when it happened.

(2). Watch that fellow narrowly. narrow

adj.

eg. (1). There is a very narrow street in front of our school.

(2). I had a narrow escape from the car accident yesterday.

4.

miss (v.): 1.错过，未打中; 2.想念

5.

e.g. (1). We missed seeing (=failed to see) that film.

The hunter shot at the hare but missed it. 猎人向野兔开了枪但没打中。

(2). We all missed our aunt badly. miss sth. out 省掉,遗漏

miss n.=failure to reach a target 错过，未打中

missing (adj.): 丢失的，找不到的

eg. (1)

a book with two pages missing

掉了两页的一本书

(2)

the dead, wounded and

missing 6.

at play

e.g. students at study

teachers at work

7.

…, but no one was hurt, so we said nothing and left for the cinema as planned. hurt (vt & vi):

Vt. 使……受伤，伤害……(肉体上的或感情上的）

eg. (1). The cheerleader hurt her wrist in the recent game.

(2). The manager’s words last week deeply hurt his feelings.

vi. 疼痛

eg. My arm hurts when I touch it after the accident. n. 伤害，伤痛

eg. It was a severe hurt to her pride. hurt & injure

hurt: 指感情或身体受到的创伤,

injure: 指侵害别人的权益或损坏别人的健康、成就等，也指外表、健康、安逸等遭受破坏

e.g. (1). I hurt/injured myself when I fell off the stairs.

(2). Smoking will probably injure your health in the long run. 8.

leave (v.): left, left

leave (a place ) (for a place):离开

e.g. He is leaving Shanghai for Beijing next week.

使…处于（某种状态）

e.g. Leave the door open. 遗忘；丢下

e.g. I left my notebook in the dormitory. leave n.

e.g. (1). ask

for (two days’s) leave

请（两天）假

(2). on a sick leave 请病假

(3). take leave 告辞

(4). take French leave

不辞而别

9.

as

conj. 以……的方式，按照……一样

请按照我告诉你的方式来做这道题。

Please solve this problem as I have told you.

我会像对我的女儿一样对待你。

I will treat you as I treat my daughter.

conj. 当……的时候（引导时间状语）

As she grew older, she lost interest in everything

except gardening. conj. 由于，因为(引导原因状语从句) As she is ill, she will not attend Tom’s birthday party.

prep. 作为…(某种身份) As a teacher, I should

help my students. As a private secretary, he is responsible for the manager’s schedule. adv. 用于as…as结构中，构成形容词、副词比较结构

她有一件和我的一样贵的裙子。

She has a dress as expensive as mine. 她有一件比我的贵一倍的裙子。

She has a dress twice as expensive as mine. 在定语从句中，as可以作为关系代词

或关系副词，引导从句。

通常都用于一些固定的结构中。

such…as, the same…as, as…as As we all know, as is known to all, as can be seen, as you know, as you see, as you expect, etc.

eg. (1). 他是这样一个我们都崇拜的伟大的科学家。

He is such a great scientist as we all admire. (2). 正如我们所看到的那样，琳达在竞赛中表现的非常完美。

As we have seen/As can be seen, Linda performed perfectly in the competition. 10.

Returning home later that evening, my friend learnt that the police had been to the flats and questioned everyone. question (v./ n.): 提问，质问，问题

e.g. (1). They were questioning the thief.

(2). without/ beyond question毫无疑问

(3). out of question毫无问题，确定无疑

(4). out of the question

不可能的，不值得考虑

11.

…, I have a guilty conscience and…

guilty

(adj.) be guilty of:

犯有……（罪）

eg. The jury finally found him guilty of murder.

be guilty about:

对……感到内疚，惭愧，自责（等等）

eg. 她确实对昨天所说的话感到内疚。

She is really guilty about what she

said yesterday.

guilt (n.)

a sense of guilt 12.

conscience (n.): 良心；道德心

eg. (1). I had a bad/ guilty conscience about not telling her the truth.

我没有告诉她事实真相，心里觉得内疚．

(2). I haven’t done anything wrong---- I’ve got a clear conscience.

我没有做任何错事，因此我问心无愧．

13.

…I saw three tough guys enter my almost empty carriage.

tough (adj.):

1. 粗暴的;冷酷的

2. 难对付的；困难的

eg. She’s a pretty tough customer.

3. 坚强的，结实的

14.

They sat down beside a young boy who was travelling alone and began to tease and bully him. alone

Vs

lonely

同为表语时，lonely带有感情色彩，表示“孤独的，寂寞的”，通常用来修饰人；alone为

中性不带有感情色彩的词，表示“独自的，一个人的”。

eg. The girl does not feel lonely though she is alone now. lonely 也可以做定语，表示建筑物等孤零零的，偏僻的。

eg. 这个偏远的地区只有几幢孤零零的教堂。

lonely 也可表示地方荒凉的，偏僻的，没有人烟的。There are only a few lonely churches

in this remote district.

eg. 他出生的地方是一个荒凉的山村。

The place where/in which he was born was a lonely village. alone 可以做副词,在句中修饰动词。

The old lady lives alone in the small cottage. 15.

tease (v.): 取笑

eg. At school the other children always teased him because he was fat. 16.

bully (v.): 欺负，威逼

eg. I wanted to stay at home but they bullied me into going. 17.

do good

do good to sb/sth

对……有好处do sth/sb good do harm to do damage to对……有坏处，有伤害

eg. 每天吃一个苹果对你的牙齿有好处。

Eating an apple a day will do good to your teeth.

be good for sb/sth

be good to sb

eg. (1). 我妈妈对我很好。

My mother is good to me.

(2). The medicine is good for you. 18.

On discovering the error…

= as soon as I discovered the error

在句中作时间状语．

eg. On arriving at the airport, he took a taxi to .the airport 19.

Can’t you see there’s a queue?

queue (v./n.)

e.g. (1). We queued up(=lined up) for the bus.

(2). form a queue排成队

(3). stand in a long queue

在长队中等候

(4). jump the queue 插队

The queue of fans at the ticket window extended all the way to the street corner. 在售票窗口，“粉丝”们的长队一直排到街角。

20.

I had meant to correct the error before leaving…

had meant to do sth.=meant to have done

过去本想做某事，但事实上没有做．

动词如：expect, intend, plan, want, hope, wish 等用于上述结构，表示过去没有实现的愿望，期待或计划等．

eg. (1). I hoped to have finished the book before the holiday was over.

(2). I had intended to call on you the other day, but someone dropped in on me

when I was about to set out.

21.

temporarily adv. only

for a short time暂时地

The manager is temporarily busy. He will be able to see you in a few minutes. 经理暂时很忙，过会儿可以见你。Temporary

adj.暂时的

22.

guilty adj. Feeling ashamed of something bad you have done有内疚感的；有负罪感的After so many rears, I still feel guilty about not having given her the help she needed. 这么多年后，我仍然为当年在她需要的时候没能给她帮助而感到内疚。Guilt n.内疚；不安

23.

conscience n. the part of your mind which tells right from wrong 良心；良知A good conscience is like a soft pillow that helps you sleep soundly at night.【谚】问心无愧睡得香。

24.

tough adj. Strong and often violent 强悍的Army training is supposed to turn normal people into tough soldiers. 军事训练会将常人变成彪悍的战士。

25.

guy n. (informal) a man（非正式）男人；家伙

I saw those guys enter the building but I don’t know where they are now. 我看见那些家伙进了大楼，但不知道他们现在在哪儿。

26.

tease v. to upset (somebody) by making jokes about them戏弄He used to be teased by his peers because he was fat. 他过去常常因为长得胖而被同伙伴们戏弄。

27.

bully v. to frighten or hurt (a weaker person) 欺辱（弱小者）；恐吓；伤害The school authorities have warned Glen that if he continues bullying his younger schoolmates, he will be dismissed. 校方警告格伦：假如再欺负小同学，他将被开除。

28.

behaviour n. the way in which somebody acts towards others 行为I just don't understand why his behaviour is becoming so strange. 我真弄不懂为什么他的行为变得这么古怪。Behave v.举止

29.

at this point at this particular time 在这个时候He found it useless to say anything at this point. 这个时候他发现说什么都无济于事。

30.

regret v. to wish that you had not done something 后悔Have you ever regretted refusing to take that job? 你有没有为拒绝了那个工作而后悔过？regretful adj.后悔的

31.

violence n. actions that are intended to hurt or kill暴力

Long ago, society was filled with chaos and violence. 很久以前，社会上一片混乱，充满暴力。

Violent adj.暴力的

32.

checkout n. the place in a supermarket where you pay for the things you buy （超市的）付款台；付款处Seeing there was a long queue at the checkout, I felt a bit upset. 看到收款处排着长队，我感到有点心烦。

33.

note n, a piece of paper money纸币

I saw her pay for the book with a ten-pound note. 我看到她用一张10英镑的纸币付了书款

34.

purchase n. something you have bought 购买的东西The couple were proud of their new purchase—a house in the country. 这对夫妇非常满意新近在乡下买的一栋房子。V. 购买purchaser n. 购买者

35.

grumble v. to complain unhappily about something 咕哝；发牢骚They always find something to grumble about. 他们总是怨这怨那。

36.

error n. a mistake, especially one that causes problems错误；差错The play’s error caused his team to lose the game. 那位队员的失误导致他所在的队输掉了比赛。

37.

bark v. to speak in a loud and unfriendly way厉声发出（命令、质问）；厉声说话

Mr Smith is rather unpopular with his colleagues, because he is hot-tempered and often barks at them. 史密斯先生在同事中很没人缘，因为他脾气暴躁，常常对人大声呵斥。

38.

mean to intend to 诚心要Did you mean to leave without saying goodbye? 你想

不辞而别吗？

39.

on the other hand giving the opposite point of view另一方面

She is rather clever, but on the other hand she isn’t careful enough. 她很聪明，但从另一方面来说，不够仔细。

III. Promotion: Do Ex.D1, D2 E1 E2 Homework: Memorize the vocabulary and do translation: ①

花盆落到楼下的地面上摔得粉碎，差一点砸中一些正在玩耍的孩子。（smash）

②

再查问他之后，他们暂时放他回家。（temporarily）

③

虽然没有人受伤，但我觉得内疚，而且……（guilty）

④

他们的行为过于恶劣，小男孩只好做到另一个座位上，但是还是无济于事。（behaviour）

⑤

已发现这个错误，我马上就会去找她，想要告诉她。（error）

Third Period (Grammar) Knowledge Objective: to review the vocabulary and phrases Competence Objective: to review grammar---infinitives and –ing verb forms after verbs

Emotional Objective: to review grammar--- -infinitives and -ing verb forms after verbs Teaching Procedures:

I. Pre-instruction: Review the vocabulary and phrases, and then ask

Them to write down all of the perception verbs they can remember. Then write the following ones. feel, find, hear, listen to, notice, see and watch. Provide two example sentences for each of the above perception verbs, one followed by an infinitive, and the other by an -ing verb form. Discuss the differences between these pairs of sentences. II. Performance: Example sentences: 1.

Can you feel the ground trembling? 2.

I heard him say hello to everyone in the office. 3.

The foreign visitors listened to me talk about the modern changes of Shanghai. 4.

I didn’t notice him leave the room. 5.

Can you see the kite flying in the sky? 要点提示: 1.

感官动词后面既可以接动词不定式，又可以接现在分词。不定式与现在分词在句中做宾语补足语。

2.

不定式做宾语补足语表示已经完成的动作，强调动作全过程。现在分词作宾语补足语表示正在进行的动作。

I saw a boy climb over the fence. 我看见一个小男孩翻过了篱笆。

I saw a boy climbing over the fence. 我看见一个小男孩再翻篱笆。

3.

动词不定式做宾语补足语时通常不带to。

4.

若感官动词为被动语态，随后的不定式必须带to。如：A boy was seen to climb the fence.有人看见小男孩翻过篱笆。

5.

如果感官动词宾语后面的补足语表示的被动动作，要用being done 的性式：若表示的是已完成的被动动作，就用过去分词done。I saw a boy being bullied by two tough

guys, and telephoned the police at once. 我看见一个小男孩被两个野蛮家伙欺负，便立即打电话给警察。I told the police that I saw the boy bullied by two tough guys. 我告诉警察我看见男孩被那两个野蛮家伙欺负。

Deal with infinitives and-ing verb forms after other verbs. Present each of the target verbs in two sentences, one followed by an infinitive and the other by an-ing verb form, and then ask students to tell the difference between their meanings. 1.

The little girl stopped crying when she saw her mum coming. 2.

On the way home from the office, the businessman stopped to buy some milk.

3.

Do you still remember going to the concert with me 10 years ago?

4.

Please remember to copy this article and send it to the headmaster.

5.

How I regret not spending more time with my sick mother before she passed away!

6.

I regret to inform you that the plane will be late because of the dad weather.

有些动词，如stop, remember, forget, regret, mean等，后面既可以接动词不定式，又可以接动名词。但是含义截然不同。

1.

stop doing something停止正在做的事 stop to do something停下来去做另一件事

2.

remember doing something 记得做过某事 remember to do something记得要去做某事注意：remember 后接动词不定式用于过去时，常含有因不重视或漫不经心而忘记做某事之意。如：I remembered to go to the post office, but it was closed by time I arrived.我记得要去邮局的，但是我到达的时候邮局已经关门了。

3.

forget doing something忘记了做过的事forget to do something 忘记要做某事

4.

regret doing something 后悔做了某事regret to do something 遗憾地（通知，说，告诉）某事

5.

mean doing something意味着mean to do something想要做某事

注意：had meant to do 意为“本来想要做……，但未完成”。如：I had meant to visit you last Saturday, but I was told to attend a meeting. 我本打算上周六去看你的，但被告知要去开会。

III. Promotion: To help students have fun practicing this grammar item, have they made up stories using the target structures. Homework:

Finish ex.B1, B2

Fourth Period (listening and speaking) Knowledge Objective: to enable students to learn to recognize a speaker’s topic in a radio programme Competence Objective: to learn how to discuss

the topic of the Reading passage and how to give other people advice Emotional Objective: to improve the listening and speaking

Teaching Procedures: I. Pre-instruction: Ask students to recognize a speaker’s topic in a radio programme. 1.

Ask students to read though the explanation and rubric.

2.

Discuss the topic of the Reading passage, and learn how to give other advice. II. Performance: 1.

Have them look at the explanation and name what kind of experts are on the different phone

lines. Make sure the students understand that they are supposed to recognize the topic instead of the details of the recording. Play the recording and do A2 and A3. Check the answers.

2.

Lead the students though the Reading passage, and ask them to retell the stories. Explain the expressions kin the Speaking section by giving examples. Divide the class into groups.

III. Promotion: Ask the groups to report their results to the class. Then help them use the right expressions as they do so. Homework: Do exercises.

Fifth Period (Writing) Knowledge Objective: to enable students to write a request for and a reply giving advice

Competence Objective: to learn to write short messages Emotional Objective: to learn to write short messages Teaching Procedures:

I. Pre-instruction:

Learn how to write a request for and a reply giving advice. Get students to think about the writing task by asking them the following questions. 1. Have you ever written a request for advice to someone? 2. Have you ever read a letter of request in English? 3. Should the style of a request be formal or informal? 4. Should it be very polite? 5. If you need to write a request for advice, what must be included in your letter? II. Performance:

Ask students to read the information box and letter in the Student’s Book. Then do C1. III. Promotion: Compare their letters with the ones in the Student’s Book. Ask them to rewrite their letters according to what they have learnt. Work in groups. Each group should read the letter of request they receive and write a deeply. Homework:

Do exercises.

Sixth Period (More reading) Knowledge Objective:

to enable students to read passages Competence Objective: to consolidate the content of the passage Emotional Objective: to consolidate the content of the passage Teaching Procedures:

I. Pre-instruction:

Read the letter of reply from the school counselor to the students. Then understand better how to write a letter of reply to someone who asks for advice. II. Performance:

Play the recording ask them to read the passage and underline of new words III. Promotion: Have students read Reference website. Then learn the new words.

1. I am pleased to read your letters. 读了你们的来信，我很高兴。

pleased是形容词，意为

“欣喜；高兴”, be pleased经

常与介词with, at, about 等连用或后接动词

不定式。

如：

We would be pleased to fulfill any further requests

you have. 我们将很高兴满足你们任何进一步的请求。

2. In the case of the flowerpot falling from the window, while the police let the boy go, everyone probably still thinks the boy did it.

(1) falling在此是现在分词，与from the window 一起构成分词短语，作flowerpot的定语，相当于一个定语从句which fell from the window (2) while在此是连词，意思相当于although.

如：

While he has done his best, he is still unable to finish the work on time. 3. In the case of the rude checkout assistant, the money does not belong to you. 在“粗鲁的收银员”事件中，那钱不是你的。

Belong to意为“属于”，不可用于被动语态。如：

Everything exhibited in this history museum

belongs to the nation. 这座历史博物馆里陈列

的每一件展品都归国家所有。

4. Since you all seem to be good students, I know you will do your best. 因为你们都是好学生，所以我相信你们会尽最大努力把事情做好。

since在此是连词，意为“由于；因为”。Since所表示的是比较显而易见或已经存在的原因。如：

Since he knows that, it is not necessary for me to telephone him about it. 既然他已经知道了，我就没有必要要为此给他打电话了。

Homework: 1.

Retell or recite the passage. 2.

Recite the new words and make sentences. 3.

Ask students to look on the Internet or in books and magazines to find information about some weird or unusual plants. Then introduce two or three unusual plants to the class.