Reading(1)：The UN—bringing everyone closer together名师教学设计2

U4 Helping people around the world

Reading The UN-bringing everyone closer together 第一部分：重点讲解：

1.I am pleased to have this chance today to talk to you about the United Nations or the UN, as it is more often referred to. (P50)

我很高兴今天有机会跟大家谈谈联合国，

也叫UN---这个名称在英语里更为常用。

As

conj.

It means “in the way or manner that”.

As I said in my last letter, I’m taking the exam in July.

David, as you know, is a photographer. 相关高考试题

The Beatles, _____many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. (天津)

A. what

B. that

C. how

D. as 答案: D

refer

v.

refer to sb./ sth.

Phrasal verb

1）to talk or write about someone or sth., especially briefly: 涉及，提到

In her autobiography she occasionally refers to her unhappy schooldays.

He always refers to the house as his “refuge”.

The new salary scale only refers to company managers and directors.

2）refer sb. To sth.

Phrasal verb to direct someone or sth. To a different place or person for information, help or action, often to a person or group with more knowledge or power:托付，交付

My doctor referred me to a hospital specialist.

The High Court has referred the case to the Court of Appeal.

3）refer (sb.) to sth.

Phrasal verb to look at, or tell someone else to look at, a book or similar record in order to find information and

help:参考

She spoke for an hour without once referring to her notes.

He referred to a history book to find out the dates of the French Revolution.

The reader is constantly referred back to the introduction.

reference n. [C or U]

a mention of sth.:提及,涉及

Knowing what had happened, I avoided making any reference to (= mentioning) weddings.

I am writing with/in reference to (= in connection with) your letter of 15 March.

[C]a writer or a book, article, etc. that is mentioned in a piece of writing, showing you where the author found their information 参考书

相关高考试题

1. Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isn’t much help when it

shopping and eating. (天津) A. refers to

B. speaks of

C. focuses on

D. comes to 2. The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ________his notes. (浙江)

A. bringing up

B. referring to

C. looking for

D. trying on 答案及解析:

1. D. when it comes to… 谈到,说到……

2. B. refer to his notes参考他的笔记

2. I feel very honored to have been to take on his role.(P50) 能够担当这一角色，我感到非常荣幸。

Honor

n. [U]

a quality that combines respect, pride and honesty:荣誉,荣耀

a man of honour

We fought for the honour of our country.

In honour of sb./ sth.

In order to celebrate or show great respect for someone or sth.:为了纪念……;为了表示对……的敬意

a banquet in honour of the president

[C]

a reward, prize or title that publicly expresses admiration or respect:荣耀的人或事; 荣幸

She received an honour for her services to the community. He was buried with full military honours (= with a special celebration to show respect). It’s a great honour to be invited.

[sing]

a person or thing that brings credit to sth/sb

给某物(人)添光的人或事物

an honour to sth/sb

v.

to show great respect for someone or sth., especially in public:尊敬,给予荣幸

He was honoured for his bravery.

We are honoured (= proud and happy) to have you here tonight.

to give someone public praise or a reward:

给某人以荣誉

He was honoured with a knighthood. honourable

adj.

honest and fair, or deserving praise and respect: 光荣的,荣耀的,应享受荣誉的

an honourable person

honourably adv. They acted honourably and returned the wallet. Take on take sth. On (BEGIN)

phrasal verb:

to begin to have a particular quality: 开始

Her voice took on a troubled tone.

Take sth. On (ACCEPT)

phrasal verb: to accept a particular job or responsibility: 承担工作或责任

She took too much on and made herself ill. Take sb. On (EMPLOY) phrasal verb: to employ someone: 雇佣某人

She was taken on as a laboratory assistant.．

take sb. On (FIGHT) phrasal verb: to compete against or fight someone: 与某人竞争,斗争

The Government took on the unions and won.

Take 常用短语

take after sb.

相貌或性格像…

take sth. Away

送走,拿走

take back 取回;归还,退货;使…回忆起

take down 拿下;拆毁,拆散;写下,记下

take in

拿进;吸入;了解;欺骗,蒙骗;把衣服改小

take off

移开,除；成功；脱掉:起飞:休息;减去,减价

take out

携出,拿出; 除去,拔去

take over

继承,接管

take up

拿起,举起: 占(时间,地点);开始(工作,兴趣);继续(中断的话)

He takes after his mother/his mother’s side of the family.

Take these chairs away

– we don’t need them.

Supermarkets are taking business away from small local shops.

Is it too small? Take it back and get a refund. That piece of music really took me back (to my schooldays). He took down my address and phone number and said he’d phone back. I had to read the letter twice before I could take it all in. It was an interesting exhibition, but there was too much to take in at once. I can’t believe she was taken in by him. I’ll have to take this dress in at the waist – it’s too big. He took off his clothes and got into the bath. Her singing career had just begun to take off. I’ve had a tooth taken

out. The company he works for has recently been taken over. This desk takes up too much room. Too much of this report is taken up with out-of-date figures. Ian took up (= continued) the story where Sue had left off. 相关高考试题

Helen always helps her mother even though going to school ________ most of her day. (北

京) A. takes up

B. makes up

C. saves up

D. puts up 答案及解析：A. take up most of her day占据她一天中的大部分时间。

3. So, when was the United Nations set up?

那么，

联合国是什么时候成立的呢？

Set sth. Up

phrasal verb [M]

1) to formally establish a new company, organization, system, way of working, etc:建立

A committee has been set up to organize social events in the college.

She plans to set up her own business.

They’ve set up a fund for victims of the earthquake. 2) to arrange for an event or activity to happen: 安排，布置

We need to set up a meeting to discuss the proposals.

The government has agreed to set up a public enquiry. Set常用短语

set about 散布谣言等；着手工作

set aside 保留，储存；忽视，不顾

set down 放下，卸下；写下，记下

set off

出发，启程；引爆，使爆炸

set out

出发，动身；着手做

set sb. A good example 给某人树立一个榜样

set sth. On fire/set fire to sth. 纵火烧

set foot in/on 踏上

I tried to apologize, but I think I set about it the wrong way. What time will we have to set off for the station tomorrow?

Jenny set off down the road on her new bike. You should be setting a good example to your younger brother. A peace campaigner had set herself on fire in protest at the government’s involvement in the war. He refuses to set foot in an art gallery.

相关高考试题

For all these years I have been working for others. I’m hoping I’ll ________ my own business someday. (江西) A. turn up

B. fix up

C. set up

D. make up 答案及解析：选C. turn up找到，

出现，调大；

fix up 修补，解决；make up编造，组

成，化装。

4. As you know, the UN touches the lives of people everywhere. （P50）

如你所知，

联合国触及世界各地每个人的生活。

Touch vi. or vt.

To move especially the hand or another part of the body lightly onto and off sth. Or someone: 碰触，接触

That paint is wet – don’t touch (it).

He touched the girl on the arm to get her attention.

The child touched the worm with a twig.

FIGURATIVE The setting sun touched the trees with red (= made them appear red for a short time).

vt. INFORMAL If you say you do not touch a food or drink, you mean that you never eat or drink it: 不吃（食物，饮料等）

No thanks, I never touch chocolate/alcohol.

Honestly, I haven’t touched a drop (= drunk any alcohol) all night.

n . [U] the ability to know what sth. Is like by feeling it with the fingers: 触觉

the sense of touch

I found the right coin in the dark by touch.

n. [C usually singular] a quick light movement of one thing, especially a hand, onto and off another thing: 接触，碰触

I felt a cold touch on my arm.

At a/the touch of a button, the door opened.

相关高考试题

---Ow! I’ve burnt myself!

---How did you do that? (浙江) --- I ______ a hot pot. A. touched

B. kept

C. felt

D. held 答案及解析：A. touch表触摸。因触摸锅被烫伤。Feel 表示触摸时，指有意识地触摸某物。

5．The organization is involved in peacekeeping operations to help end some of the world’s

most horrible conflicts.(P50) 该组织参与维和行动，

以帮助解决世界上大部分的激烈争端。

Involve

v. 1) to cause to become connected 牵连，牵涉

The serious incident involved a group of youths. 2)

to make sb. Take part in sth.

参加，加入

should involve themselves in their children’s education.

Involve sb. In 把某人牵涉到某事里

be involved in 涉及

5. In addition, my visits will encourage people working on the projects and draw local people’s attention to the situation. (P51) 此外，

我的访问还会鼓励那些致力于联合国各种项目的人，吸引当地人民对相关情形的注意力。

In addition (to) = besides

I met my past teacher and some classmates in addition in the supermarket. In addition to cakes and candies, guests were also provided with fruits. Attention

n. 1) [U] notice, thought or consideration: 注意

Ladies and gentlemen, could I have your attention, please?

They’re organizing a campaign to draw people’s attention to the environmentally harmful effects of using their cars.

He likes being the centre of attention (= having a lot of people notice him) I knocked on the window to get/attract/catch her attention (= make her notice me).

After an hour, my attention started to wander (= I stopped taking notice).

Don’t pay any attention to

(= take any notice of) Nina – she doesn’t know what she’s talking about.

If you don’t pay attention (= listen carefully) now, you’ll get it all wrong later.

Wait a moment and I’ll give you my full/undivided attention (= I’ll listen to and think about only you).

Many countries are starting to turn their attention to

(= to consider) new forms of energy.

2) specially in the armed forces) a way of standing, with the feet together, arms by your sides, head up and shoulders back and not moving: 立正

soldiers standing at/to attention

attend

vi. FORMAL to give attention to what someone is saying: 仔细倾听

I’m afraid I wasn’t attending to what was being said.

attentive

adj.

listening carefully: 仔细倾听地

an attentive audience 6．…and add it to some money contribute by the government.(P51)……Add

vi. or vt.

To put sth. With sth. Else to increase the number or amount or to improve the whole:

加入，相加

If you add (= calculate the total of) three and four you get seven.

Beat the butter and sugar together and slowly add the eggs.

She’s added a Picasso to her collection.

Her colleagues’ laughter only added to

(= increased) her embarrassment.

[+ that] She was sad, she said, but added (= said also)

that

she felt she had made the right decision.

[+ speech] “Oh, and thank you for all your help!” he added as he was leaving.

It’s $45 - $50 if you add in

(= include) the cost of postage.

Don’t forget to add on your travelling expenses/add your expenses on. Add (sth.) up

phrasal verb [M]

to calculate the total of two or more numbers: 相加，加起来

If you add those four figures up, it comes to over £500.

She added the bill up.

I’m not very good at adding up! Add up to sth.

Phrasal verb

总计，

合计

to become a particular amount: The various building programmes add up to several thousand new homes.

We thought we’d bought lots of food, but it didn’t add up to much when we’d spread it out on the table. Add up to sth.

Phrasal verb

to have a particular result or effect: It all added up to a lot of hard work for all of us.

Their proposals do not add up to any real help for the poor.

added

adj.

extra: 额外的

He had the added disadvantage of being the only man present.

She lost her job last week, and now added to that she’s pregnant again.

addition

n. [C or U]

Twice a week the children are tested in basic mathematical skills such as addition (= calculating the total of different numbers put together) and subtraction.

Most working environments are improved by the addition of

(= adding) a few plants and pictures.

A secretary would be a welcome/useful addition to our staff.

In addition to his flat in London, he has a villa in Italy and a castle in Scotland.

HUMOROUS I hear you’re expecting a small addition to the family (= you are going to have a baby)!

相关高考试题

There have been several new events ________ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. (北京)

A. add

B. to add

C. adding 答案：D

7. Apart from the urgent problems caused by wars and conflicts, the UN helps countries with other problems such as lack of education, starvation, disasters,AIDS and other

diseases. （P51）和冲突所引起的各种紧急问题外，

联合国还帮助解决其成员国的其他问题。

Apart from

except for or not considering: 除了……，除了……还有

He works until nine o’clock every evening, and that’s quite apart from the work he does over the weekend.

D. added

Apart from the salary/Salary apart, it’s not a bad job.

Apart from you and me/You and me apart, I don’t think there was anyone there under thirty. Tell sth./sb. Apart

phrasal verb

to be able to see the difference between two very similar things or people: 分辨，区分

As babies, the twins were so alike that I just couldn’t tell them apart.