Grammar课堂实录【3】

教学设计

虚拟语气（The Subjunctive Mood ）

If条件句中的虚拟语气

学校

宝丰二高

姓名

张军艳

虚拟语气（The Subjunctive Mood ）

If条件句中的虚拟语气

Teaching Aims 知识和技能目标：让学生了解和掌握虚拟语气的基本语法规则，并能在具体的语言环境中灵活运用，解决相关高考试题，在日常交际中能够正确灵活的使用

情感、态度和价值观目标：培养学生自主学习能力，增强学生合作意识，提高学生语言分析能力和自己对事物的正确认识，形成正确的人生观、价值观

Knowledge Aim

Help the students to use the subjunctive mood in “if” clause correctly. Ability Aim

To learn the subjunctive mood freely and properly in speaking and writing.

Emotional Aims 1) Encourage the students learn more about the grammar. 1) Help the students to form the good habit in learning. 2) Encourage the students to do more exercise consolidate the knowledge. Teaching Important and Difficult Point 教学重点：了解和掌握虚拟语气语法项目规则和基本原则。 教学难点：能够运用此语法项目去完成各种试题联系，并能在实际语言活动中灵活运用。

Teaching Important Point Enable the students to use the correct form of the subjunctive mood in “if” clause. Teaching Difficult Point

How to use the subjunctive mood that includes “if” correctly.

Teaching Methods:

过程和方法：

通过教师讲解和学生探究相结合；通过语法练习和语言实践活动相结合；通过任务型教学和情景式教学相结合，让学生构建语法功能知识，应用于实践中去发现和解决问题。

Summarizing, comparative method; practicing activities Teaching Aids 教法：情景式教学法，任务型教学法，传授式讲解法。

学法：合作式学习，探究式学习，互动式学习。

教学手段：多媒体辅助教学 Multi-media classroom and other normal teaching tools Teaching Procedure

教学过程：采用语法导入，接近了解语法，发现语法规则，定义总结语法规律，理解运用语法，最后提高实践语用能力的教学流程。 Step 1: lead in First of all, let us read the following passage and pay attend to verbs’ form…

（“导入”这一环节目的在于营造浓厚的学习氛围，激发学生学习兴趣，提高学生积极参与学习的热情，使学生进入学习的准备状态。）

If I had ten million yuan,

I would buy a villa.

Do I have ten million yuan?

No, therefore, I still have no villa.

If I had wings, I could fly. Do I have wings?

No, Therefore, I can not fly. If all the water of Pacific Ocean could be poured out, it could not douse my love for you.

Can it be?

No, therefore, I don’t love you."

“如果我有一千万，我就能买一栋房子。

我有一千万吗？没有。

所以我仍然没有房子。

如果我有翅膀，我就能飞翔。

我有翅膀吗？没有。

所以我也没办法飞翔。

如果把整个太平洋的水倒出，也浇不熄我对你爱情的火焰。

整个太平洋的水全部倒得出吗？不行。

所以我并不爱你。

---《第一次亲密接触》痞子蔡

（通过这几个简单的假设问题，让学生了解到虚拟语气的具体概念，引出非真实条件句）

In our daily life, we often dream that one day if we won the lottery or if we had a lot of money, what would we do? Maybe we could buy an expensive car or we would travel around the world…But in fact, we do not have so much money, it is not a real condition but a beautiful dream or wish. In describing such kind sentences, we will use the subjunctive mood. Step 2 Subjunctive mood 概念：虚拟语气：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。

虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的使用: 试比较：

1) If it doesn’t rain, we will go to the park next Sunday.

如果天不下雨，下周星期天我们将去公园。（有可能实现）

If you work hard, you will get great progress（可能实现很大）

2) If you were a bird, you could fly.假使你是只鸟，你便会飞了。（不可能）

If she had invited me yesterday, I would have gone to the party. (事实没邀请) Step 3: Structure Ask students to read the sentences in groups to discover and summarize the basic structure of the grammar. (通过设置情景，呈现不同时间的条件虚拟句，让学生注意发现语法规则，总结出与不同时间事实相反的虚拟条件句式特点。) 1. If I knew her number, I could ring her up now. 2. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the test.

3. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she had come, she would have met my brother. 4.If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.

5.If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.

（设计呈现表格，让学生填写，展示虚拟语气语法规则，总结规律。）

一、if虚拟条件句中的不同时态

虚拟情况

与现在事实相反

if从句

If＋

主语＋动词过去式

主句

主语＋would(或should ,could ,might)

＋动词原形

主语＋would(或should ,could ,might)

＋动词原形

主语＋would(或should ,could ,might)

＋have＋过去分词

与将来事If

＋主语＋动词过去式

实相反时

或Should ＋动词原形

或Were to＋动词原形

与过去事If ＋主语＋had＋过去分词

实相反时

注意：

a:一定要分清主句和从句

b:虚拟条件句中be的过去式为were. If I were you, I would accept his offer.

二、混合条件句(错综时间条件句) 当条件从句谓语动词与主句谓语动词所表的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。主句和从句的谓语动词并不相互呼应，这种条件句叫混合条件句。

较多见的混合型条件句是从句用过去完成时(指过去行为)，而主句用一般时(指目前状态)。

★如果你之前努力学习了，你现在就是一名大学生，四年后就会大学毕业了。

If you had studied hard before, you wouldbe acollege student now, and you wouldgraduate from a college in four years.

★如果你采纳了她的建议，你现在就会是个百万富翁了。一《第一次亲密接触》

If you had taken her advice, you would be a millionaire now. ★假如我是你，我当时就会采纳她的建议。

If I were you, I would have taken her advice then. 三、虚拟条件句的省略倒装句

如果虚拟条件句的谓语部分有were, had和should时，可省略if,把were, had和

should放到从句主语前面去，构成倒装，多见于书面语。

构成:①省略if ②把were, had或should提前

Were I you, I would try it again. =If I were you, I would try it again. Had he been there yesterday, he wouldhave seen the film. =If he had been there yesterday, he wouldhave seen the film. Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldn't goout. =If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldn'tgo out. Step4: 乘胜追击

1.

If I ____ a map, I would lend it to you.

A. have

b. had

c. should 2. This printer is of good quality. If it ____ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. A. would B. should C. could D. might

3. --- John went to the hospital alone. --- If he ____ me about it, I would have gone with him.

A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told Step5：speaking （让学生在轻松愉快的气氛中学习，教学目标在张弛有度中实现。良好的课堂气氛，提高学生的学习兴趣，无论是对学生，对老师还是对教学效果，都有很积极的推动作用。）

A:

If you have won the lottery in the past ,what would you have done? If I had won the lottery in the past, I would have …

If I had won the lottery in the past, I would have ________________ B:

If I were one of them now,

I would/should/could/might

warn him\her not to------? C: If the God

________________________(give) me another chance，I_____________ (tell)the girl three words: I love her! If our love _________ (have to) be set a time limit, I wish it ___________ (be)10,000 years!

Step 6巩固练习

（遵循了讲练结合的原则。没有一味的讲授语法理论，而是让学生边学边练，主动探索，让他们享受自主学习的过程和成果。遵循了学生为主的原则。本节课我将大量的时间留给了学生思考、探索，完全将课堂的主体还给了学生，吻合了新教材的精神和追求。）

1. If there _______ (not be) the war, people ______(live) a happier life in the future. 2. If you ________ (come) yesterday, you _______ (see) Jackie Chen. 3. If you______ (attend) the concert, your oral English _______(become) better now. 4.Should I

_____（become）a scientist in the future, I

(try) to find a cure for cancer.

体验高考

1. If we ____ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take

B. had taken

C. took

D. have taken

2. If he ____ my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job. A. followed

B. should follow

C. had followed

D. would follow Step 7 课堂小结及反思

虚拟条件句三种时间的谓语动词变化，重点掌握谓语动词的变化。

虚拟情况

现在时

将来时

从句

If

＋主语

＋动词过去式

（将来时还可用Should 或Were to＋动词原形）

If ＋主语＋had ＋过去分词

主句

主语＋would(或should ,could ,might)

＋动词原形

过去时

主语＋would(或should ,could ,might)

＋have＋过去分词

(让学生把观察到的语言现象自己总结规律，呈现在表格里，使知识系统化，便于理解掌握，提高课堂效率。)