Grammar教学设计(第一课时)

Fantasy Literature—Philip Pullman

Grammar Teaching goals

1. Target language

at the same time, refer to, with a wicked smile on her face 2. Ability goals

Enable the students to understand and learn to use adverbial clauses with -ing. 3. Learning ability goals

Help the student learn how to use adverbial clauses with -ing. Teaching important & difficult points

Learn to use adverbial clauses with -ing. Teaching methods

Question and answer; translation. Teaching aids

A projector and some slides.

Teaching procedures & ways

Step I Revision and Lead-in

Ask the students to read the story “The Cat That Vanished”

again and find out the sentences with -ing. T: First read the passage “The Cat That Vanished”

to find out sentences with -ing. Sample sentences:

1. Will was so tired that he could not think clearly, but as he stood trying to decide what to do, he saw a cat.

2. Putting down his shopping bag, Will held out his hand, and the cat came up to him. 3. Still watching, Will saw the cat behave strangely. 4. When it had gone past he crossed the road, keeping his eyes on the place where the cat had vanished. 5. Pushing his shopping bag through, he climbed through the hole in the walls of

this world and into another. 6. Bending to look through, he saw the road in his own town, his own world.

7. Feeling that he was dreaming but awake at the same time, he stood up and looked around for the cat, his guide.

Then ask the students to read aloud the sentences.

Step Ⅱ

Grammar Task 1: Grammar focus

T: From the sentences above, we can see that there is a comma in each sentence. And the two parts of each sentence refer to the same person. Now let’s find something more about -ing in the sentences. First, which sentences describe two things that happen at the same time? And which sentences describe one thing happening imme-diately after another?

Sa: Two things that happen at the same time: Sentences 1, 3, 4, 7. Sb: One thing happening immediately after another: Sentences 2, 5, 6.

Then ask the students to do Activity 2 and then check the answers.

T: After the above exercises, we can conclude that -ing can sometimes be used to describe two things that happen at the same time, and sometimes describe one thing happening immediately after another. The two parts of each sentence refer to the same person. Besides, we can also put prepositions / conjunctions before -ing to form a phrase, such as while，when, once, although, until, if etc. And the phrase can be changed into an adverbial clause. For example, On seeing her, the king falls in love with her. can also be changed into: When the king sees her, he immediately falls in love with her.

T: The adverbial clauses with -ing can be used to indicate time, cause, condition, result, etc. These sentences can be changed into subordinate clauses or juxtapositional sentences. Now let’s do the following exercises.

Show the following.

把下列句子变成复合句或并列句。

1. Walking along the street, he met his old friend.

2. Not having received his reply, she decided to write a second letter.

3. Seeing from the top of the hill, you will find the city more beautiful. 4. All the students sat in the classroom, waiting for their new English teacher.

5. My parents went to the park yesterday, leaving me alone at home.

Sample answers: 1. When he was walking along the street, he met his old friend. 2. Because she hadn’t received his reply, she decided to write a second letter. 3. If you see it from the top of the hill, you will find the city more beautiful. 4. All the students sat in the classroom, and they were waiting for their new English teacher. 5. My parents went to the park yesterday, and they left me alone at home. Task 2: Practice

1. Reading

First ask the students to read aloud the following example sentences and tell which sentences describe two things that happen at the same time (1) and which sentences describe one thing happening immediately after another (2).

Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. (2) Using what you know of word stems and word formations, you can make a guess at the meaning of a new word. (1) The students went out of the classroom, laughing and talking. (1) When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us. (1) While waiting for the train, I had a long talk with my sister about her work. (1) Standing on top of the hill, you can see as far as the seaside. (1) The fish can eat a person in two minutes, leaving only bones. (2) Having finished his homework, the boy went out to play football. (2) Being noticed by so many people, she felt nervous, not knowing what to say. (1) Not having been washed in the correct way, the coat has faded. (2) Not having heard from her son for a long time, the mother worried a great deal. (2) When doing your homework, you mustn’t listen to the music. (1) Though having been warned many times, she got to school late again. (2)

European football is played in 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world. (1) 2. Activities

Ask the students to do Activities 1-5 and Activities 1-4. Check the answers with the students.

Step Ⅲ

Homework

1. Preview the new words in LISTENING AND VOCABULARY. 2. Read a fantasy novel and write a short description of it.