Reading(1)：Cultural differences教学实录与评析

M6U3

Understanding each other Period Ⅰ

Learning notes for Welcome to the unit & Reading 【Learning goals】

1. Learning some new words: difference; suppose; congratulate; permit; familiar; adjust; accustomed 2. Learning some new expressions: take off; take up 3. Learning some sentence patterns: Why don’t you…?; 虚拟语气；动名词作主语；have trouble (in) doing sth. 【Language focus】

词汇-1.

difference n.

【教材原句】Can you tell me about some cultural differences you have found?(P34) 【例句研读】翻译句中的划线部分，注意difference的意义和搭配

(1)I can never tell the difference between the twins.

(2)The rain didn’t make much difference to the game.

(3)Your age should make no difference to whether you get the job or not.

(4)Changing jobs made a big difference to my life.

【自主归纳】词性变化

difference(n.)

adj. 不同的，有区别的；有差异的

v. 不同于

熟记下列词组：make no difference (to sb./sth.) 对某人/某事不重要、不要紧

make some difference (to sb./sth) 对某人/某事有些作用或影响

tell the difference between A and B说出A和B的不同之处

A differ from B=A and B differ from each other=A be different from B A不同于B/ A与B不同

完成下列句子（一句多译）：在这方面法语和英语不同。

in this aspect. 【即时巩固】

(1)It won’t make much ________ whether you agree or not.

A. difficulty

B. trouble

C. difference D. matter (2)The two birds ______ each other in shape and color. So I can’t tell the ________between them A. are different from; different C. different from ; difference

A. differing from

B. differ from ; different

D. differ from ;difference C. differs from

D. is differ from

(3)Chinese

English greatly not only in pronunciation but also in spelling.

B. different from

词汇-2. suppose v. 【教材原句】Roosters are supposed to drive bad spirits away from the wedding ceremony, and

hens are thought to ensure good luck for the marriage.(P34) 【例句研读】翻译句中的划线部分，注意suppose的意义和搭配

(1)The game was not as one-sided as we had supposed.

(2)We have no reason to suppose that he has done anything illegal.

(3)You are supposed to make a copy of the contract before you mail it.

(4)The restaurant is generally supposed to make excellent dishes.

(5)I don’t suppose you know her telephone number.

(6)—I think their new building is really impressive.—Well, I suppose so.

(7)Suppose the little girl to be your daughter, what would you do?

(8)Suppose/Supposing (that)you won the lottery, what would you do ?

【自主归纳】句型转换（suppose的重点用法）

(1) All of his friends will suppose her to be his wife.

All of his friends

she is his wife. (2)If you had one million dollars, what would you do ?

one million dollars, what would you do? (3) Roosters are thought to drive bad spirits away from the wedding ceremony Roosters

drive bad spirits away from the wedding ceremony. (4)We should have helped each other.

We

help each other. 【即时巩固】

(1)The meeting

take place on Tuesday, but we had to postpone it.

A. supposed to

B. must

C. was supposed to D. was supposing to (2)—Will she join us in the competition tomorrow? —No,

. A. I think so

B. I don’t hope so

C.Believe it or not

D. I suppose not 词汇-3. congratulate v.

【教材原句】During the ceremony, the hen laid an egg, and everyone congratulated the new

couple because it was considered very lucky.(P34)

【例句研读】翻译下列句子，注意congratulate的搭配

(1)I congratulate you on your great discovery.

(2)I want to congratulate you with all my heart.

(3)He congratulated himself on having survived the air-crash.

【自主归纳】辨析congratulate与celebrate congratulate表示“向某人表示祝贺，向某人道喜”，其宾语是sb.，可构成短语congratulate sb. on (doing)sth.。其名词congratulation（常用复数形式）可构成短语

congratulations to sb. on sth./doing…；celebrate表示“庆祝”时，宾语是sth.。其名词celebration可构成短语in celebration of …意为“（为了）庆祝……”。

用上述两词填空（注意形式的变化）

(1)Last week we held a party to

our success. (2)We

him on having passed the exam.

(3)The party was in

of Mother’s silver wedding.

(4)

to you on entering Beijing university. 【即时巩固】

(1)Famous physicists from all over the world came to the US to ___________the centennial of Einstein's birth.

A. observe

B. congratulate

C. celebrate

D. keep (2)When the Chinese team won the match, many football fans organized different activities

_____ the success.

A. to congratulate

B. celebrated

C. to express congratulations

D. in celebration of

词汇-4. permit v. & n. Another difference is that while we serve food, soft drinks, tea and coffee, alcohol is

【教材原句】not permitted at the wedding reception—in fact, alcohol is altogether prohibited in Brunei.(P34) 【例句研读】翻译句中的划线部分，注意permit的词性（形）变化、意义和搭配

(1)The policeman permitted him to park there.

(2)He doesn’t permit smoking in his room.

(3)If time permits, I will go to meet you.

(4)Time permitting, I will go to meet you.

(5)You can’t hunt for animals without a hunting permit.

(6)He entered the office without permission.

【自主归纳】译出下列词组

允许某人做某事

（某人）被允许做某事

允许做某事

被允许做某事

【即时巩固】

(1)Weather

, we’ll go for a picnic tomorrow.

A. promising

B. permits

C. allowed

D. permitting (2)What did the librarian _____ out of the library?

A. permit to take B. forbid to be taken

C. allow to take D. insist being taken (3)I don’t allow ______ in my office and I don’t allow my family ______ at all.

A. to smoke; smoking

B. smoking; to smoke

C. to smoke; to smoke

D. smoking; smoking (4)Passengers are permitted _____ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane. A. to carry

B. carrying

C. to be carried

D. being carried 词汇-5. familiar adj. 【教材原句】For example, I have fond childhood memories of Bonfire Night, but my American

friends are not familiar with that particular festival.(P35) 【例句研读】翻译下列句子，注意familiar的意义和搭配

(1)Are you familiar with these details?

(2)His voice on the phone sounded familiar to me.

(3)He’s familiar with me so he often greets me by my first names in a familiar way.

【自主归纳】选用下列词组填空

(be) familiar with对……熟悉（指前者对后者的熟悉）

(be) familiar to为……所熟悉（指后者对前者的熟悉）

(be/become) popular with/among受……欢迎的

(be) particular about对……讲究/挑剔

(1)The nurse

little children.

(2)His name

us.

(3)We

his name.

(4)Chinese food is

Americans. (5)She is fond of dressing up herself so she

her clothes. (6)Upon arriving there, he was astonished to find every place

him. 【即时巩固】

(1)The only one in our office that is_____ the new system is Jimmy, in whose absence, we had no choice but to wait.

A. familiar to

B. popular with

C. popular to

C. popular for C. familiar

D. familiar with D. familiar for D. particular (2)Everyone can sing this song. It means this song is________ people. A. familiar with

B. popular with

A. popular

B. responsible (3)She has already tried her best. Please don’t be to __________ about her job. 词汇-6.

adjust

vi.& vt.适应，习惯；调整，调节

【教材原句】It's quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that. (P35) 【例句研读】翻译句子

（1）He wants to do well in his studies and adjust to the new culture. ______________________________________________________ （2）These desks and seats can be adjusted to the height of any child. ______________________________________________________ （3）If fate does not adjust itself to you, you should make an adjustment to fate. _____________________________________________________ 【自主归纳】翻译下列短语

(1)adjust to (doing) sth.

___________________________________ adjust ...to ...

adjust oneself to (doing) sth. (2)adjustment n.

make an adjustment

___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ 词汇-7.

accustomed

adj.习惯于；惯常的

【教材原句】Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it.

（P35）

【例句研读】翻译句子

（1）Most developed nations have become dependent on digital technology simply because they've grown accustomed to it. __________________________________________________________________ （2）No one wishes to deal with a person who is accustomed to breaking his word. __________________________________________________________________ （3）It shouldn't take long to accustom your students to working in groups. __________________________________________________________________ 【自主归纳】翻译下列短语

(1)get/become/grow/be accustomed (＝used) to (doing) sth.

________________________ (2)accustom vt. ________________________ accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth.

_________________________ 词汇-8.

take off和take up 【教材原句】(1)Another thing is, if you came to Brunei ,you would have to take off our shoes

before going into someone’s house.(P35)

(2)I have no idea what he will do with them all and it took up a lot of time. (P42) 【例句研读】译出划线部分，注意take off在句中的意义

(1)He took off his clothes and got into the bath.

(2)The plane takes off at 8:30 a.m.

(3) Her singing career has just begun to take off.

(4)He took two weeks off in August.

【例句研读】译出划线部分，注意take up在句中的意义

(1)He took up smoking when he was at school.

(2)Alfred has just taken up playing the guitar.

(3)Taking outdoor exercise will take up too much of your time.

(4)These boxes of yours are taking up too much space.

(5)No one took up my suggestion.

(6)Mrs. Pankhurst took up the cause of women’s rights.

(7)They took up arms and fought for their faith and freedom.

【自主归纳】根据汉语用take所构成的词组填空（注意动词形式的变化）

(1)Who was it that

my English-Chinese dictionary?是谁拿走了我的英汉词典？

(2)The club

a new member last week.俱乐部上星期又吸收了一名新会员。

(3)I forgot to

his telephone number.我忘了记下他的电话号码。

(4)The insect can

the color of its surroundings. 这种昆虫能随环境而变色。

(5)My father is

me

to a show tonight.我父亲今天晚上要带我去看表演。

(6)George will

his father's business soon.乔治很快就要接管他父亲的事业了。

(7)You should

to play computer games.我们应该轮流玩电脑游戏。

【即时巩固】

(1)We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all

.

A. given away

B. kept away

C. taken up

D. used up (2)This was the moment when Jackson’s career really

.

A. took away B. took in

C. took up D. took off 句型-1.

【教材原句】Waled, why don’t you tell her about the British teacher who opened the present as soon as he received it at the end-of-term ceremony.(P34)

【句法分析】本句中

“why don’t you do sth.?”句型的句法功能是表示“建议

”；另一种表达方式为“Why not do sth?”，而Why not?作为答语时表示“赞同”。

【即时巩固】

(1) —How about putting some pictures into the report? —

A picture is worth a thousand words. A. No way.

B. Why not?

C. All right?

D. No matter. (2)Since you like the car so much,__________ it back?

A. why drive

句型-2.

B. why won’t drive C. why not drive

D. why to drive 【教材原句】And you probably wouldn’t get much sleep if you lived near where a wedding

reception was being held.(P34)

【语法分析】句中“wouldn’t get much sleep if you lived”用了“if虚拟条件句”。

if虚拟条件句主从句谓语动词的构成

情

况

与现在事实相反

与过去事实相反

与将来事实相反

从句谓语动词的构成

过去式（be用were）

had+过去分词

过去式

should+动词原形

were+不定式

主句谓语动词的构成

should/would/could/might+动词原形

should/would/could/might +have+过去分词

should/would/could/might+动词原形

【即时巩固】

(1)If there were no subjunctive mood, English ______ much easier.

A. will be

B. would have been

C. could have been

D. would be (2)If it _______ tomorrow, we________ put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.

A. rains; would have had to

B. were to rain; will have to

C. should rain; would have to

D. rained; should have had to

(3)________for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.

A. If it is not

B. If it were not

C. If it had not been

D. If they were not 句型-3. 【教材原句】After all, learning about cultural differences is a good a way to understand more about each other.(P35)

【句法分析】本句中用“learning about cultural differences”动名词短语作主语，在这种情况

下，一要注意分析句子结构；二要注意主谓一致。

【即时巩固】

(1)

in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience.

A. Caught

B. Having caught

C. Being caught

D. To catch (2) —What made him embarrassed? —

. A. Being late again

B. For being late again

C. Be late again

D. So as to be late again 句型-4.

【教材原句】Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it. (P35) 【句法分析】have (there is) trouble (in) doing sth. 意为“做某事有困难”；trouble为不可数名词，前面可加修饰词much, little, no等。trouble可换用difficulty(不可数名词)；若trouble后跟名词，介词in换成with。

【即时巩固】翻译句子

（1）Not having got enough hands, we had great difficulty in carrying out the task. ________________________________________________________________ （2）Tom and his father had trouble with Chinese customs and culture during the travel. ________________________________________________________________ （3）You can hardly imagine the difficulty we had (in) solving the problem.

_______________________________________________________________ 【联想归纳】

与have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.类似的结构还有：

①②

做某事有困难

③find some / great / no / little difficulty in doing sth. 发现在做某事方面有些/很大/没有/几乎没有困难

【Feedback】

I. 单项填空

1.During the flight to the Moon, Chang’e I Satellite gradually________ her directions so that she can go into her programmed orbit. A. accepts

B. adopts

C. adjusts

D. adapts 2.The UN is the international organization which _______ all countries to settle any conflicts between two countries.

A .lose power over

B. has power over

C. seize the power of

D. come into power of 3. —What about this car, sir? —________the high price, the design is not very satisfying. I think we will have a look at another one. A. But

B. Except

C. Apart from

D. Except for 4.What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has________？

A. given out

B. put out

C. held up

D. used up 5. —We could invite John and Barbara to the Friday night party.

—Yes, ______ ? I’ll give them a call right now.

A. why not

B. what for

C. why

D. what 6.The village is a very different place

it was when I was a boy and there are many

the view of the villagers A. from what; differences from

B. from what; differences in C. from that; differences from

D. from that; differences in 7.On October 1st every year all the Chinese people hold great parties

the birthday of New China.

A. in celebration of

B. in memory of

C. in favor of

D. in praise of 8.If

you, I would go with him to the party.

A. I am

B. I had been

C. I will be

D. I were

9.If I

your letter, I would have written back two days ago.

A. received

B. should receive

C. had received

D. could have received 10. If it

rain next week, the farmers could still have a good harvest.

A. should

B. could

C. would

D. might II. 根据方框内所给短语的适当形式完成句子

show around

be supposed to

drive…away

adjust to take off

be familiar with

meet with

gets accustomed to

1.Having lived in the countryside for so many years, my grandparents find it hard ______ the city

life.

2. In 1944, he met Edith Piaf, and from then on his career

. 3.When we got there, he ________us ________their village warmly. 4.Please drive the dog away while the child is asleep.

5.The meeting _____ take place on Tuesday, but we've had to postpone it till next Monday. 6.I wonder why on earth you don’t know the bare fact, which I think every schoolboy________.

7.She ___________sleeping with windows open in summer. 8.There were people at the entrance

leaflets.