Grammar and usage(2): Unreal conditions教学设计

Grammar and usage M6U3

Unreal conditionals 虚拟语气中的非真实条件句(导学案)

Learning objective: To learn to identify an unreal conditional in a sentence To learn the forms of unreal conditionals To learn when to use the unreal conditionals To learn how to use the unreal conditionals

Step1：lead-in Situation 1 A:What would you do if you had a great deal of money? B: If I had a great deal of money, I would buy an iPhone. Present:

If … was/were/did …,

…should /would/could/might do …

Situation 2 If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday. Past:

If … had been/done …,

… would/should/could/might have done …

Situation 3 If I got the chance to talk to the headmaster, I would ask him to …

Future:

If … was/were/did/

… should/would/could/might do …

Have a look 1. If I were you, I would reconsider their proposal. 2. I could reach the bow if I were a bit taller. 3. And you probably wouldn’t get much sleep if you lived near where a wedding reception was being held. 4. Another thing is, if you came to Brunei, you would have to take off your shoes before going into someone’s house.

Step2：Presentation 1.虚拟语气的介绍

虚拟语气可用于条件句和其它一些从句中。虚拟语气用于条件句中比较多，情况也比较复杂，所以要特别加以注意。首先要判断一下是否应该用虚拟语气，因为条件句分为两种，一种是真实条件句，一种是非真实条件句，只有在非真实条件句中才用虚拟语气，在真实条件句中，要用陈述语气。

2.Observe the following sentences and tell whether they are real or unreal conditional clauses If we go on polluting the world, it won’t be fit for us to live in. If you are busy doing your homework, I won’t interrupt you.

If you have finished cleaning the classroom, you can go home If there were a lot of good restaurants in the city, this would make it more attractive.

If a lot of people spoke English, it would be very helpful for tourists.

3.非真实条件句的时态表达

如果假设的情况完全不存在或者实现的可能性很小,可以说几乎没有时,就需要用虚拟语气来表达,也就是说,这时的条件句是非真实的条件句。此时的句子时态比真实条件句中的时态后退一步。

4.条件从句和主句中的虚拟语气

从句谓语动词

主句谓语动词

与现在事实相反

与过去事实相反

与将来事实相反

注意：

在if I /he/she/it 之后，可用were代替was。两者在意义上没有区别，但是were更为正式，特别是在陈述心存怀疑的事情时，如：

If she were ready, we would go.

在与将来事实相反的条件从句中，我们可以用were to或should +do来表示,如: If I were to fail my English test, I would have to take it again at the end of the term. If he should come tomorrow, I would talk to him about it.

5.虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装

在非真实条件句中，如果有were，had，should，我们可以将if省略，把这些词置于句首，采用倒装形式，如: If I should meet her, I would tell her.

=

, I would tell her.

If I were in your position, I would do it better.

=

, I would do it better. If they had made preparations, they would have succeeded. =

, they would have succeeded

Step3: Practice 根据括号内的提示补全下面句子或对话。

1. Ken got to the station in time to catch his train. If he __________ (miss) it, he

_______________________________________

(be) late for his interview.

2. I think there are too many cars. If there

________ (not, be) so many cars, there

_______________________________________ (not, be) so much pollution.

3. A: How was your holiday?

B: It was OK, but we__________________ (enjoy) it more if the weather ________ (be) better.

4. A: Is Jim going to take the examination?

B: No. If he ________ (take) the examination, he ____________________________ (fail).

Step4: Summary 条件句有两类：

和

虚拟语气主句和从句谓语形式：

与现在事实相反：

与过去事实相反：

与将来事实相反：

Step5: Discussion：

What would you do if you had a…?

One million Time Machine

Step6: Homework Finish Parts C1 and C2 on Page 116 in Workbook.