Grammar教学设计案例

Book 6 Module 3 Grammar

Verbs followed by -ing or the infinitive with to Part 1 Reading materials 状语从句按意义可分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、结果状语从句和比较状语从句。状语从句由从属连词引导。

引导词按意义分为九类:

时间状语从句

as/when/while after before since till / until whenever 条件状语从句

if unless as (so )long as on condition that 原因状语从句

because 结果状语从句

so (such )… that ….

目的状语从句

so that 让步状语从句

though although; as 比较状语从句

than 方式状语从句

as 地点状语从句

where

状语从句的省略

状语从句同时具备下列两个条件: ①主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；

②从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。

例如：1. When (the museum is) completed, the museum will be open to the public next year.

2. He’ll go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is) possible.

状语从句和状语的转换: 状语从句主语和从句一致时，转换为分词短语。

After he turned off the recorder, he went out of the room.↔

Having turned off the recorder, he went out of the room. When the city is seen from the mountain, it looks much more beautiful ↔

Seen from the mountain, it looks much more beautiful. 状语从句主语和从句不一致，转换为独立主格结构。

If weather permits, we’ll have the meeting in the open air. ↔

(With) Weather permitting, we’ll have the meeting in the open air.

状语从句转换为介词短语：

由after/before/ since/ as soon as等引导的时间状语从句, 可改为after/before/ since/on+动名词短语结构。当主从句主语不一致, 可使用动名

1 no sooner …than

hardly … when

immediately directly the moment the minute the second each (every) time the day (year) next time the first (second /last) time by the time suppose (supposed) that provide (providing ) that in the event that

as since now (that ) in order that however no matter ….

疑问词+ever as (so )…. as

as if

wherever in case

whether…or not

the more ….the more

as though

词的复合结构。

Before he dived into the lake, he made a deep breath. ↔Before diving into the lake, he made a deep breath.

状语从句转换为动词不定式短语

He is so strong that he can lift the heavy stone.

↔He is strong enough to lift the heavy stone.

He was so weak that he couldn’t go a step further.

↔He was too weak to go a step further.

He stood in the front of the classroom in order that he could see the picture clearly. ↔He stood in the front of the classroom in order to (so as to /to) see the picture clearly.

Verbs followed by –ing or the infinitive with to doing和to do都具备名词的功能，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等，区别如下：

doing表示状态、性质、经常性；

to do表示具体的、一次性的、将发生的动作。

以下动词后，只能跟不定式做宾语：

agree ask aim arrange choose decide demand expect fail help

以下动词后，只能跟-ing做宾语：

admit appreciate consider delay enjoy finish keep imagine mind miss

practice resist risk save suggest don’t mind give up insist on put off

learn long manage offer plan prepare pretend promise refuse wish

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在下列一些动词后，即可接doing形式也可接to do形式，但意义有所不同：

在need, require, want后接-ing形式,表示被动意义,也可接不定式, 但要用被动形式

hate, love, like接不定式表示特定的未来事件, 接-ing形式表示目前正在进行的活动或一般的行为。

在下列情况下，一般要用不定式：

1）hate, like, love前有would/should时

2）当谓语动词begin, continue, start等是进行式时

3）begin, continue, start与know, understand等状态动词连用时

forget, remember, regret to do表示现在或未来的动作；

forget, remember, regret doing表示动作已经发生。

mean to do表示打算、想要做；

mean doing表示意味着。

go on to do表示做不同的事或不同内容的事；

go on doing表示继续不停的作某事。

cease to do表示长期甚至永久性的停止作某事；

cease doing表示短暂停止作某事。

forget, remember, regret to do表示现在或未来的动作；

forget, remember, regret doing表示动作已经发生。

Part 2 Discussion

Discuss the questions mentioned by the students

Part 3 Practice 1. The kangaroo was so lucky that it just missed _________________(catch). 2. They don’t agree ______________ (spend) more time on the subject; neither do I. 3. The parents suggested _______________ (sleep) in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.

4. I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention ________________ (promote) when we talked on the phone.

5. I still remember _______________ (take) to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.

6. When first ____________________ (introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success.

7. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ________________ (question) at the meeting by my boss.

8. ________________ (say) that she didn’t do a good job, I don’t think I am abler than her.

A. To have said

B. Having said

C. To say

D. Saying 9. “Goodbye，then，”she said, without even ________________

(look) up from her book. 10. When asked by the police, he said that he remembered ________________ (arrive) at the party, but not _______________(leave).

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