Grammar教学设计(第二课时)

虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)学案

【知识与技能：】掌握If 条件句的虚拟语气和wish宾从的虚拟语气用法

【过程与方法】通过学案导学，课堂任务及协作任务提高运用这一语法的能力

【情感、态度与价值观】培养学生团结合作的精神

重点：

If 条件句虚拟语气的基本用法

难点：用短语或句子暗含条件表示虚拟的用法

知识准备：

语气是一种动词形式, 表示说话人的意图或态度. 英语中有陈述语气, 祈使语气和虚拟语气三种. 虚拟语气表示所说的话只是一种主观愿望,假想或建议. 一．

If 引导的虚拟语气

用法

例句

If they had reached the beach, they would have been killed.(事实是:_________________) If Germany hadn`t invaded Poland, the British wouldn`t have declared war.

(事实是:__________________________________________________________________) I

f I had had the money last week, I could have bought a car. (事实是:__________________)

表示与过1.

去事实相2.

反的情况

3.

表示与现1.

If that happened, it would be terrible. (事实是:____________________________________) 在事实相2.

If I were you, I would ask the teacher for advice. (事实是:__________________________) 反的情况

3.

If he had time, he could go with you. (事实是:___________________________________)

表示将来不大可能实现的事情

用法总结: 用法

表示与过去事实相反的情况

条件从句

If 主语

+_______________ (动词形式) If 主语

+______________ (动词形式) If 主语

+______________ (be动词形式) 主句

主语

+

_______________

(动词形式) 主语+ _________________ (动词形式) 1.

If it rained tomorrow, I would not go there. (事实是:______________________________) 2.

If it should rain in a few days, the crops could be saved. (事实是:____________________) 3.

If he were to come back this evening, he might help us repair the car.

(事实是:__________________________________________________________________)

表示与现在事实相反的情况

表示将来不大可能实现的事情

If 主语

+_______________ If 主语

+_______________ If 主语

+_______________ (动词形式) 主语+ ____________________

(动词形式) 练习:

1. If he__________(not come) tomorrow, we ___________(put off) the meeting till next Monday.如果明天他不来,我们就把会议推迟到下周一. 2. If you ____________(take) my advice, you ______________(not fail) in the exams.如果你早听了我的意见,你考试就能通过了. 3. If I _________(be) you, I _____________(seize) the chance to go abroad. 如果我是你,我就抓住这次出国的机会. 1

注意: ①

混合型的条件句

当条件从句与主句所表的时间不一 致时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。主句和从句的谓语动词并不相互呼应，这种条件句是混合条件句。(_____上填过去,现在或将来) ① If I had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now.

(从句动作指_______, 主句动作指____________)

②

If I

hadn’t spent

much time practising speaking English at school, I would not be able to

speak it so well now.

(从句动作指_______, 主句动作指____________)

③ If we hadn`t got everything ready by now, we should be having a terrible time tomorrow.

(从句动作指_______, 主句动作指____________)

练习:

1.如果你刚才听了我的建议,你现在就好多了.

If you ______ ________ my advice just now, you __________ _______better now.

2.你以前好好学习的话, 你现在早就是大学生了.

If you______ ______ hard before, you _______ _______ a college student now. ②

当if 引导的条件从句中有

were , should , had 时,可以把if 省略,把were, should, had提到主语之前.

①

If I were in school again, I would study harder.

= Were I in shool again, I would study harder

② If you had been here earlier, you would have seen him . =_____________________________, you would have seen him .

③ If it were not for the expense , I would go to Italy. =_____________________________, I would go to Italy.

④ If it should rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.

=_____________________________, the sports meeting would be put off. 练习:

1. _____ today, he would get there by Friday

A.

Would he leave

B. Was he leaving

C. Were he to leave

D. If he leave

2. Should it rain, the crops _____ .

A.would be saved

B. would have been saved

C. will be saved

D. had been saved ③

用短语或句子暗含条件表示虚拟

用without, but for(要不是..) , in the absence of(没有.. ) , with, otherwise, or 等词或短语表示虚拟. 1.

Without air on the earth, we could not live.

(If there weren’t air on the earth, we could not live) 2.

I couldn`t have lived through Christmas without giving you a present.

(If I hadn’t given you a present, I couldn`t have lived through Christmas.) 3.

With his help, I would do the experiment well.

(If he should help me, I would do the experiment well) 4.

In the absence of math science would not exist. (If there weren’t math, science would not exist.) 5.

He helped me. Otherwise, I couldn`t have achieved it.

(真实的事)

(虚拟的事) 2

(He helped me. If he hadn’t helped me, I couldn`t have achieved it) 练习: 1.

________ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday. A.

In spite of

B. But for

C. Because of

D. As for 2.

Without electronic computer, much of today’s advanced technology__________.

A. will not have been achieved

B. have not been achieved C. would not have been achieved

D. had not been achieved 二． wish 后的宾语从句中的虚拟

主句谓语

设想动作发生时间

wish

与wish动词同时发生

从句谓语

谓语动词形式

1.I wish I knew him. 2.I wish I were a bird.

在wish动作之前发生

1.I wish I had not created this creature. 2.I wish I had met that film star yesterday.

在wish动作之后发生

用法总结: 主句谓语

设想动作发生时间

wish

与wish动词同时发生

在wish动作之前发生

在wish动作之后发生

从句谓语

谓语动词形式

1.I wish I could fly to the moon one day. 2.I wish I could solve all the problems.

练习: 1.

He looks so ugly. I wish he ______________(not be) ugly. 2.

I’d like to live my life again. I wish I_________(can live) again.

3.

I didn’t create a real human being. I wish I_________(create) a human being.

4.

The monster is terrifying. I wish the monster____________(not be) so terrifying. 5.

I feel lonely and unhappy. I wish I_________(not be) unhappy. 6.

I didn’t think about it carefully enough. I wish I__________(think) more carefully.

7.

He murdered the people I love most. I wish he ________(not kill) them. 课上 高考真题虚拟语气

1．

Sorry, I am too busy now. If I ____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. A. have had

B. had had

C. have

D. had 2. If my car _________more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer. A. was

B. had been

C. should be

D. would be 3. We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold ________us a ride home. A. didn’t offer

B. wouldn’t offer

C. hasn’t offered

D. hadn’t offered

3

4. If we _____ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn’t have been so successful.

A. haven’t made

B. wouldn’t make

C. didn’t make

D. hadn’t made

5. Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she_______ there, she wouldn't be able to see her parents very often. A. lives

B. would live

C. having asked

D. were to live 6. ——Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.

——I _____ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. A. attended

B. had attended

C. would attend

D. would have attended 7. ——

Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.

——I wish they ________ always late. A. weren’t

B. hadn’t been

C. wouldn’t be

D. wouldn’t have been

8. Maybe if I ___________science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. A. studied

B. would study

C. had studied

D. was studying 9. I______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.

A. had come

B. was coming

C. would come

D. would have come 10. I __________ through that bitter period without your generous help. A. couldn’t have gone

B. didn’t go

C. wouldn’t go

D. hadn’t gone

11. We ______John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury. A. will put

B. will have put

C. would put

D. would have put 12. He would have helped us yesterday, but he _______ A. was busy

B. is busy

C. had been busy.

D. will be busy 13. If he _________ my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job. A. followed

B. should follow

C. had followed

D. would follow 14. If we ______ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take

B. had taken

C. took

D. have taken 15.

Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _________ . A．would have been saved

B．had been saved

C．will be saved

D．was saved 16. I forget where I read the article, or I_____ it to you now.

A. will show

B. would show

C. am going to show

D. am showing 17. Thank you very much indeed. If it hadn’t exactly for your advice, I really ______ what I should have done.

A. don’t know

B. didn’t know

C. hadn’t known

D. wouldn’t have known 18. How I wish I__________ to my parents’ advice.

A. listening

B. listen

C. am listening

D. had listened 19. If I were to do it, I __________ it in a different way.

A. shall

B. will do

C. would do

D. have done 20. ----Where have they gone?

---- I have no idea, but I wish I________. A.

know

B. knew

C. would know

D. would have known 课后作业: 1.If条件句虚拟语气的主从句动词形式及wish从句的动词形式

2.整理所做错题写在错题本上

4