Grammar教案设计

Module One

Small Talk Period 6 :

Function and Grammar Teaching Goals:

1.

Enable the students to talk about obligation or lack of obligation. 2.

Help the students learn how to talk about obligation or lack of obligation. Teaching important & difficult point:

How to talk about obligation and lack of obligation. Teaching methods:

Generalization.

Teaching aids:

A computer and a projector.

Teaching procedures:

Step I. Function

1.

Present a group of sentences and encourage the students to explain their meanings.

1). You must finish your homework on time. 2). You have to finish your homework on time. 3). You need to finish your homework on time. 4). You mustn’t play with fire. 5). You don’t have to go to work on Sunday. 6). You don’t need to go to work on Sunday. 7). You needn’t go to work on Sunday. 8). You needn’t have gone to work on Sunday. 9). You didn’t need to go to work on Sunday. T: Work in pairs and discuss the meanings of these sentences.

Answers:

S1: The first sentence means that the speaker thinks that it is necessary to finish homework on time.

S2: The second sentence means that you are forced to finish your homework on time. S3: The third sentence means that it is necessary for you to finish your homework on time.

S4: The fourth sentence means that you are forbidden to play with fire. S5: The fifth, sixth and seventh sentences mean that it isn’t necessary to go to work on Sunday.

S6: The eighth sentence means that you went to work on Sunday. But it wasn’t necessary. S7: The ninth sentence means that it wasn’t necessary for you to go to work on Sunday and you didn’t in fact, either. S8: I think sentences with must, have to, need express obligation and those with don’t have to, don’t need to, needn’t have done and didn’t need to do can express lack of obligation.

S9: I think it refers to obligation. Step II. Grammar We will specially go into the difference between needn’t have done and didn’t need to. Let’s make out the difference between them. Needn’t have done means that you did something, but it wasn’t necessary while didn’t need to do means it wasn’t necessary for you to do something, and you didn’t do that indeed or you did. Now let’s look at the following examples.

Show the following.

1. That’s all settled. It needn’t to be talked about.

Still, she needn’t have run away. You need not have gone there yesterday. We had plenty of bread, so I needn’t have bought a loaf.

They needn’t have been punished so severely.

2. Oh, mother, really you didn’t need to dust them. I think you didn’t need to be impolite to her.

And you didn’t need to feel surprised.

So you didn’t need to hurry with you homework.

Then ask the students to finish Activities 1-4 on pages 6-7. And then check the answer.

Step III.Exercises Finish Activities 1-3 in Grammar in the workbook on pages 67-68. Then check the answer with the whole class.

Step IV. Homework

1. Review the expressions of obligation or lack of obligation.

2. Find some information on email writing.

Step V. Blackboard Design