Lesson 1 EQ：IQ优质课教案

阅读七选五解题技巧

一、最新考纲解读

七选五阅读填空是新课标高考中的阅读第二节。该题型是在一篇250-300个词的短文中留出5段空白，要求从所给的七个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺，前后连贯。

【考纲解读】

(1)本题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具有运用语法知识分析理解长难句的能力。

(2)本题型对阅读理解提出了更高层次的要求，既不仅要有阅读速度，要对所读的文章的主旨要义、具体信息有所了解，尤其重要的是要掌握作者的写作意图‘观点，区分出论点和论据，并且能够把握文章的写作结构和脉络层次，对学生的逻辑思维能力和综合运用语言的能力提出了全新的挑战。

二、考情回顾分析

【考情分析】

考点

高考试卷

体裁

体裁

词数

上下文逻辑关系句

5 5 4 5 4 5 3 5 段落标题句

1

1

2

文章主旨概括句

2017全国卷I 2017全国卷II 记叙文

说明文

野外露营

避免打扰

轻松起床

信息安全

园艺

饮食烹调

重建信任

301 276 293 295 285 254 237 174 2017全国卷III 说明文

2016全国卷I 2016全国卷II 说明文

说明文

2016全国卷III 说明文

2015全国卷I 2015全国卷II 说明文

议论文

马拉松训练

(1)语篇选材。选材贴近考生、贴近生活，材料新颖，时代感强。文章内容逻辑性强、结构严谨，层次分明，便于再阅读基础上进行综合理解，并对一些信息进行概括或充分表达。

(2)文章选取。文章以说明文、议论文为主，单纯以时间或事件为线索的记叙文的出现机率不大。次数基本再300个词左右。

(3)设题方式。文章首句一般不设空（标题除外），所留空白一般是段落主题句、段落总结句、承上启下句、关键论点支撑句或全篇主旨归纳句。

掌握高分策略

解题步骤：（在高考的现场如果考生用大量的时间来彻底读懂文章的意思其实是不现实的，也是没有必要的，我们可以尝试以下四步走。) 1.先读文章的开始部分，明确文章的基本话题,然后仔细阅读五个空各自的前后句寻找并画出关键词。（一名(名词)袋（代词）鼠（数词）很特殊（特殊疑问词），连（连词）蹦（动词）带跳很彪（标点/标题）悍。）

2.

要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。衔接手段分为三种：词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接。可按这几个原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配。

3.一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记（例如可以删掉），以避免干扰和分散注意力。

4.将选项代入到文章中重读，依据行文逻辑，再次确定选项。

今天主要从两个方面进行探讨

细节类题型解题技巧

(词汇的衔接或逻辑的衔接) 篇章结构类题解题技巧

●细节类题型解题技巧

(词汇的衔接或逻辑的衔接) 1.词汇的衔接包括：

1)词汇复现

同词复现: Have students set summer reading goals for themselves.

3

Students can act as “chief curators” of the blog in turn so that over the course of the summer each of them takes on the responsibility of replying to posts and highlighting a popular title.

A. It will set the stage for academic success. B. Bring the outdoors back into summer reading. C. Select some books and share them with your students. D. Set up a summer blog so you can all share recommendations. 近义词复现: The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. __36__ By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. (2014课标卷I)

C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.

D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist?

G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.

反义复现: …On the other hand ,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to- day opportunities to learn a new culture,meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language,and chances to see different parts of the world.______Those disadvantages include expense,time away from one’s school,family,…

A. The following are its advantages. B.However,there may be a number of disadvantages. C.Consider a distance education. D.Most of us are adapted to studying at school.

同根复现: Don't fear people

________. The reason most people don't take risks,or live on the edge is the fear of what others might think of them. If you want to live the life you truly deserve, you must give up the need to be liked by everybody. A. Focus on your own talents and strengths B.Never let others' opinions guide your choices. C.Stay fearless in everything you will have to do. 值得注意的是，我们说有的题利用词语复现解题十分管用，但这并不意味着，凡与上句或下句有复现词的选项就一定是正确选项，只是正确的可能性更大，在解题过程中需重点考虑或优选考虑而已，是否为正确答案，还得将含复现词的选项代入原文，看该选项与上下文是否真的衔接，只有上下衔接紧密的才是正确选项。如：

______ Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. (2015课标卷I38) A. Learn to really trust yourself.

B. It is putting confidence in someone.

C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.

2）同范畴词出现

Everybody gets stressed time to time. Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed: (1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives.

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They might have had similar problems such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet. A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.

C. Different people feel stress in different ways

E. You need to figure out what the problem is.

F. And don't forget about your friends.

3)代词线索

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They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger,…

A. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. B. He said that laughter is much healthier than anger. C. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. 2.逻辑关系的衔接

能表明句与句、段与段之间基本关系的连接词语有以下几种：

A. 并列关系：First(ly),Second(ly),...；First, then/next,...；In the first place，

in the second place...;for one thing,for another thing ,...；then /next ,finally/last 等。

B. 递进关系：too ,also, besides, further ,furthermore ,moreover ,what’s more , in addition ,as well , to make matters worse ,not ...but... ,not only ...but also等。

C. 解释例证关系：for example ,for instance ,in fact/as a matter of fact ,actually ,in other words /that is to say 等

D. 因果关系：

so /therefore ,thus ,consequently(结果）

,as a result (of), so/ such ...that ...,so that ...等

E. 转折对比关系：but, however , yet ,while /though ,or /otherwise ,on the contrary ,instead, nevertheless（然而）, still ,yet, on the contrary ,in contrast / comparison 等

F. 概况归纳关系：in short , in brief , in summary ,generally speaking ,in general , to conclude ,in conclusion, in a word ,on the whole , to sum up 等

①___ .Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. A. You must write your notes on separate paper.

B. There are three practical note-taking methods.

C. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.

②As you take notes,you may want to use your own shorthand. When you do be sure that you understand your symbols and that

you use them all the time._____8_______ A. Use words ,not completed sentence. B. There are three practical note-taking methods. C. You must write your notes on separate paper. D. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later. E. You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes. ③Finally,you never know what wonderful ideas might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.___9_______ A. At one time daydreaming was thought to be a cause of

some mental illness. B. Therefore, it's a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you're in the daydream zone. 经验总结

主旨大意把握好，读懂选项更重要

关键信息相匹配，核查排除不可少

经验一：前瞻后顾，寻找"信号词"，回到选择项中筛选。复现

经验二：浓缩句意，意义匹配，整体把握。同意

经验三：以段落为单位梳理文章脉络,留意文章的起承转合,逻辑及结构

经验四："7选5"句子选择题正确选择项排列有一条不成文规律：

选择项呈"锯齿"顺序排列，

按照人们习惯，看了A就接着看B，接着看C，依此到G，

而我们一般做题的正确答案都是“参差不齐，错落有致”的, 看了D之后不看E却看A，看E，看了E之后不看

F而看C。

这可能是出题者为了干扰我们常规思维而设置的障碍，

因此如果考试时间允许，我们可以拿这个来初步检验我们最后的答案是否"正确"。