Grammar优质课一等奖教案

2011-2012学年高三第一学期英语导学案

主备人：朱建花

审核人：李胜华

Grammar -----Subjunctive Mood(虚拟语气) Learning aims:

1.掌握虚拟语气的基本结构和用法; 2.尝试使用虚拟语气的句子;

Important and Difficult Points: 1.

if条件句和宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法; 2.

正确使用虚拟语气; Instructions:

1.自学：10分钟课前预习自学，了解虚拟语气; 2.正课：10分钟交流自学成果，25分钟小组合作探究，10分钟当堂检测.

【Self Study】

What’s the difference between Group A and Group B? A.If it is fine tomorrow, we will go to the park. If I am free, I will visit you. It is getting dark, it looks as if it is going to rain.

B.If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky. If I were a boy, I would join the army. The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own child. I wish I were a bird. He suggested that we (should) be there in time .

英语动词有三种语气:祈使语气, 陈述语气和虚拟语气

虚拟语气是_____的一种特殊形式，

用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，表达说话人的假设, 愿望，建议等,不表示客观存在的事实

【Further Study】

1.条件句中虚拟语气的用法

时间

if非真实条件

主句

例句

从句

与现在事If +主语主语1陈述:I don’t have a car and I’m not 实相反的+_________ +________ happy. 假设

(be动词用________ 虚拟：If I had a car, I would be very happy _______)

2.陈述：I’m not a bird. I can’t fly. 虚拟：If I were a bird, I could fly.

1

班级__________ 姓名___________ 小组评价____________ 教师评价___________ 使用日期____________ 1.陈述：I’m not twenty years old, so I won’t take the computer course. 虚拟：If I were twenty years old, I would take the course of computer science.

2.陈述：I won’t do so. Of course he won’t feel surprised. 虚拟：If I did /should do/were to do so, she would feel very surprised.

与过去事If +主语主语1.陈述：He didn’t come ten minutes 实相反的+_________ +________ earlier. So he didn’t see the famous film _________ star. 假设

虚拟：If he had come ten minutes earlier, he could have met that famous film star.

注意: (1) If I were in school again, I would work harder. =Were I in school again, I would work harder.

If there should be a meeting tomorrow, I would come. =Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.

If you had been here earlier, you would have seen him =Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him.

如果“if”从句中含有

“were/had/should ”时, 则可省略连词“if”，

用_________句式, 即______/______/________移至主语之前。

(2)有时虚拟语气的条件是通过词或短语表示出来的。

用with, without/but for(要不是，如果没有)表示条件，句子一般用虚拟语气。

What would you do if you had one million dollar? =What would you do _____ one million dollar? If you had not helped me, I couldn’t have finished my work on time

=_______ your help，I couldn’t have finished my work on time .

=_____

______ your help，I couldn’t have finished my work on time

But for the storm, I would have arrived much earlier.

Our life would be difficult without electricity (if there weren’t electricity).

连词otherwise, or(否则/要不然)等表示条件时，句子也要用虚拟语气。

She came to town yesterday; if I hadn’t come to the town, I would not have met her. She came to town yesterday, ____/____ I would not have met her. I shouldn’t have done such a silly thing, but I was too excited.

2 与将来事1.If +主语实相反的+________/ _________/ 假设

__________ 主语+________ _________

2011-2012学年高三第一学期英语导学案

主备人：朱建花

审核人：李胜华

2.wish 引导的宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法

wish后接宾语从句是，从句要用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的愿望，或者几乎不可能实现的愿望.

主语+__________ 对现在的虚拟

I wish I wish I were a college student now..

(that)…

主语+__________ 对将来的虚拟

=if only…要We wish our parents wouldn’t punish 是…就好了

us tomorrow.

主语+__________ 对过去的虚拟

I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake.

3.

表示要求、建议、命令等词的虚拟语气

(1)He suggested that we________(be) there in time. He ordered that the letter_______(be) mailed at once.

The doctor advised that he ____________(change) his job. 表示要求、建议、命令等意义的动词，当它们作为谓语引导宾语从句时，从句谓语必须为“____________”的形式。这类动词有：

一个坚持

insist 两个命令

order, command 三个要求

require, request, demand

四个建议

suggest, advise, recommend, propose (2)It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till nest week.

My advice is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.

I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 以上动词改为名词后，与其名词相关的名词性从句（主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）同样用_____语气, 即_____+_____，________可以省略

注意：suggest和insist 两词

suggest

“建议”

时从句

谓语：（should）

do

“暗示”时从句谓语：陈述语气

He suggests that we__________(go) to see the film. Her expression suggested that she ______

(be)very angry. insist

“坚持认为”从句谓语：（should）

do

“坚持说”

从句谓语：陈述语气

He insisted he _______ (do) nothing wrong and that he______ (be) set free.

4.其它句型

(1)It is (high) time that……该句型中,从句多用过去时,译为“是时候该……了”

It is time that we left.

It is time that we should(不能省) leave.

(2)as if/ as though……表示

“似乎，好像”，

与过去事实相反用过去完成时

3

班级__________ 姓名___________ 小组评价____________ 教师评价___________ 使用日期____________ “had done”；与现在事实相反用一般过去时“did/were”

They talked as if they had been friends for years. They treat the boy as if he were their own child. (3)would rather…… 表示“宁愿”，

与过去事实相反用过去完成时“had done”；与现在或将来事实相反用一般过去时“did/were”

I would rather you went there with me. I would rather we hadn’t attended the boring meeting last night.

(4)It is suggested/recommended/ordered/proposed//necessary/important// strange/surprising that 主语+ (should) do…

【Self Check】

1.

Sorry，I am too busy now. If I _____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. （2012湖南）

A. have had

B. had had

C. have

D. had

2.Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks that if she____there, she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often. (2012安徽) A. lives

B. would live

C. has lived

D. were to live 3. We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold ______ us a ride home. (2012天津) A. didn’t offer

B. wouldn’t offer

C. hasn’t offered

D. hadn’t offered

4.Had they known what was coingnext, they ______second thoughts.(2012浙江) A. may have

B. could have

C..must have had

D. might have had

5.I _____ through that period without your generous help.(2011陕西) A. couldn’t have gone

B. didn’t go

C. wouldn’t go

D. hadn’t gone

6.---Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution(2011福建). -----I ____ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. A.attended

B. had attended

C. would attend

D. would have attended

7.----Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined. ----I wish they ______always late.（2011北京）

A. weren’t

B. hadn’t been

C. wouldn’t be

D. wouldn’t have been

8.Teachers recommend that parents________ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.(2010福建) A. not allow

B. do not allow

C. mustn’t allow

D.couldn,tallow 9.Don’t handle the vase as if it _______ made of steel.（2012北京）

A. is

B. were

C. has been

D.had been 10.I _________ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me. A. had come

B. was coming

C. would come

D.would have come

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