Grammar教学目标

三、过语法、写作——写对写美高人一筹

(一)单元小语法

——v.-ing形式作状语

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Having_been_translated (translate) into Chinese, Harry

Potter

is popular with children and adults in China.

2．The hurricane died away, having_caused (cause) a lot of damage to the coastal city.

3．The musician recalls that he was so interested in the instrument that he drew six lines on his desk in school, resembling (resemble) guitar string, and practiced day and night.

4．Being_addicted (addict) to the Internet, as many adolescents do, will to some extent have a negative effect on their mental and physical health.

5．The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing (allow) more patients to be treated.

Ⅱ.用动名词形式作状语补全句子

1．写完信后，他把信折起来装进了信封。

Having_finished_the_letter,_he folded it and put it into the envelope. 2．公共汽车遭遇暴风雪，因此造成了延误。

The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus_causing_the_delay. 3．尽管努力工作，但他不能挣到足够的钱还清债务。

Though_working_hard,_he couldn't earn enough money to pay off his debt.

4．他们有说有笑，回到了家。

Laughing_and_talking,_they went back home.

5．在第二个十字路口向右拐，你会看到邮局就在你前面。

Turning_right_at_the_second_crossing,_you will see the post office right before you.

(二)课堂微写作

练扩写——让意蕴更丰满

[题目要求]

假如你是李明，你的美国笔友Tom得知和他一样，你也非常喜欢奇幻小说，写信询问你对奇幻小说的看法。请用英语给Tom写一封回信，词数为100左右。

[扩写提示]

请使用高级结构或适当增加细节扩写下文中的画线部分。

Dear Tom，

I'm glad that we're both interested in fantasy novels, so we can now talk a lot about them. I've_had_an_interest_in_fantasy_novels_since_I_was_a_child._I_love_them._I_like_to_drop_myself_into_the_pages_of_a_well-written_fantasy_novel.

I_think_the_plots_of_good_fantasy_novels_are_very_entertaining._I_usually_never_know_what_will_happen_next._These_unexpected_plots_always_excite_me._They_usually_leave_a_lot_to_the_imagination.

Which novels have you been reading recently? Please recommend some to me in your next letter. Best wishes! Yours，

Li Ming [答案示例]

Dear Tom，

I'm glad that we're both interested in fantasy novels, so we can now talk a lot about them. I've_had_an_interest_in_fantasy_novels_since_I_was_a_child._I_love_them,_especially_those_that_are_well-written._There's_nothing_better_than_dropping_into_the_pages_of_a_well-written_fantasy_novel_and_finding_a_world_of_wonders_to_explore. In_my_opinion,_the_plots_of_good_fantasy_novels_are_very_odd_and_entertaining._I_usually_never_know_what_will_happen_next._These_unexpected_plots_always_excite_me._They_usually_leave_a_lot_to_the_imagination,_which_I_think_will_help_me_develop_the_ability_to_create_novels_of_my_own. Which novels have you been reading recently? Please recommend some to me in your next letter. Best wishes! Yours，

Li Ming

语言知识运用保分练1篇完形＋1篇语法填空，限时25分钟

Ⅰ.完形填空

Good manners require a strong sense of justice; courtesy (谦恭) is often __1__ more than a highly developed sense of fair play. A friend of mine once told me about a time he was __2__ along a rough mountain road. __3__ was another car that produced clouds of __4__，

and it was a long way to the nearest __5__ highway. Suddenly, at a(n) __6__

place, the car ahead __7__ the road. Thinking that its owner might have engine trouble, my friend stopped and asked if anything was __8__. “No，”

said the other driver, “but you've suffered from my dust this far; I'll __9__ with yours the rest of the way.”

Another aspect of courtesy is empathy (同感), a __10__ that enables a person to see into

the mind or heart of someone __11__，

to understand the pain or __12__

there and to do something to minimize it. A man __13__

alone in a restaurant was trying to __14__ the cap of a beer bottle, but he couldn't do it because of badly injured __15__. He asked a young boy for help. The boy took the bottle, turned his back __16__

and loosened the cap without difficulty. Then he __17__ it again. Turning back to the man, he __18__ to make great efforts to open the bottle without success. __19__ he took it into the kitchen and returned shortly, saying that he had managed to loosen it, but __20__ with a pair of pliers (钳子)．

You see, courtesy is the key to a happier world. 语篇解读：本文通过两个故事告诉我们谦恭是公平感的高度发展，是善解人意的品质。

1．A.nothing

C．something

B．anything

D．everything 解析：选A

根据本句“Good manners require a strong sense of justice; courtesy (谦恭) is often __1__ more than a highly developed sense of fair play.”可知，礼貌需要强烈的公正感，据此可以判断，谦恭只不过是公平感的高度发展，nothing more than为固定搭配，意为“只不过”。

2．A.walking

C．standing

B．running

D．driving 解析：选D

根据下句中的“was another car”可知，“我”的朋友驾车行驶在崎岖的山路上。D项意为“驾驶”，故D项正确。

3．A.Behind

C．Away

B．Ahead

D．Beside 解析：选B

根据该句中的“produced clouds”，上句中的“a rough mountain road”和下文的“ahead”可知，“我”的朋友驾车行驶在崎岖的山路上，他前面的车掀起尘土。B项意为“在前面”，故B项正确。

4．A.dust

C．gas

B．smoke

D．pollution 解析：选A

参见上题解析。下文的“suffered from my dust”是提示。

5．A.new

C．smooth

B．used

D．repaired 解析：选C

根据本段第二句中的“a rough mountain road”以及该句中的“highway”可以判断，空处修饰highway，与rough意思相反。C项意为“平坦的，光滑的”，符合语境，故C项正确。

6．A.easier

C．brighter

B．wider

D．larger

解析：选B

根据语境可知，前面的车在马路的宽阔之处停下。B项意为“更宽的”，符合语境，故B项正确。

7．A.turned around

C．moved along

B．stopped back

D．pulled off 解析：选D

根据下句中的“its owner might have engine trouble”可知，前面的车停在路旁。pull off the road为固定搭配，意为“(将车)停在路旁”，故D项正确。A项意为“转身”，B项意为“返回”，C项意为“进展”，都与语境不符。

8．A.clear

C．wrong

B．sure

D．OK 解析：选C

根据该句中的“its owner might have engine trouble”可知，“我”的朋友以为前面的车的发动机出了问题，故停车问他“车是否有故障”。C项意为“出故障的”，符合语境，故C项正确。

9．A.do away

C．put up

B．catch up

D．go on 解析：选C

根据该句中的“you've suffered from my dust this far”可知，他为“我”朋友遭受他的车子带来的尘土而感到抱歉，据此可以判断，他要走在后面，也忍受“我”朋友的车带来的尘土。put up with意为“忍受”，故C项正确。do away with意为“废除，取消”；catch up with意为“赶上”；go on (with sth.)意为“继续做(某事)”。

10．A.tool

C．behavior

B．way

D．quality 解析：选D

根据该句中的“that enables a person to see into the mind or heart of someone”可知，该句为that引导的定语从句，空处为先行词，据此可以判断，空处指人的品质，即善解人意是一种能够理解别人内心感受的品质。D项意为“品质”，故D项正确。

11．A.else

C．alike

B．unknown

D．ordinary 解析：选A

根据语境可知，善解人意是一种能够理解别人内心感受的品质。someone else意为“别人”，故A项正确。

12．A.unhappiness

C．feeling

B．action

D．thought 解析：选A

根据该句中的“the pain or”可以判断，空处与名词“pain”对应，表示人的负面感受。A项意为“不快乐”，符合语境，故A项正确。

13．A.waiting

C．working

B．eating

D．visiting 解析：选B

根据该句中的“in a restaurant”可以判断，这个人独自在饭店吃饭，故B

项正确。

14．A.choose

C．open

B．raise

D．see 解析：选C

根据该句中的“in a restaurant ... the cap of a beer bottle”可知，这个人独自在饭店吃饭，想要打开一瓶啤酒，故C项正确。

15．A.legs

C．fingers

B．arms

D．eyes 解析：选C

根据该句中的“he couldn't do it because of badly injured”并结合常识可以判断，他无法打开啤酒瓶盖是因为他的手指受伤了，故C项正确。

16．A.slowly

C．secretly

B．happily

D．momentarily 解析：选C

根据该句中的“turned his back __16__ and loosened the cap without difficulty”并结合下文中的“make great efforts to open the bottle”可知，这个男孩秘密地转过身毫不费力地打开啤酒瓶盖，但是又紧上盖子，假装打不开。C项意为“秘密地”，故C项正确。A项意为“慢慢地”，B项意为“幸福地”，D项意为“立即，马上”，都与语境不符。

17．A.loosened

C．hid

B．tightened

D．showed 解析：选B

根据该句中的“it again”并结合下句对他假装打不开瓶盖的描述可知，他又把盖子紧上了。B项意为“(使)变紧”，故B项正确。A项意为“(使)变松”；C项意为“隐藏”；D项意为“展示”。

18．A.decided

C．managed

B．pretended

D．intended 解析：选B

根据上文中的“loosened the cap without difficulty”可知，他毫不费力地拧开了啤酒盖；根据本句中的“make great efforts to open the bottle without success”可知，他假装打不开啤酒瓶盖。B项意为“假装”，故B项正确。A项意为“决定”；C项意为“管理”；D项意为“打算”。

19．A.Finally

C．Nicely

B．Luckily

D．Eagerly 解析：选A

根据语境可知，他假装打不开瓶盖，最后将啤酒瓶拿进厨房并很快出来。A项意为“最终”，故A项正确。B项意为“幸运地”；C项意为“很好地”；D项意为“热切地”。

20．A.likely

C．especially

B．simply

D．only

解析：选D

根据该句中的“with a pair of pliers (钳子)”可知，他说他松开啤酒瓶盖只是在钳子的帮助下完成的。D项意为“仅，只”，故D项正确。A项意为“可能”；B项意为“简单地”；C项意为“尤其，特别”。

Ⅱ.语法填空

(2018·宁夏银川市重点中学高三第一次模拟) The Great Wall was grand, a little rainy at first, but grand all the same. The mist covered the far ends of the wall, __1__ (give) it an almost mysterious feeling. The fog rolled in and out of the high mountains, revealing new parts of the wall as __2__ (quick) as it covered them. I kept on walking, seeing watchtower after watchtower __3__ my way. To my __4__ (relieve), many people had decided today was not the best day __5__ (climb) the wall, and I was there with very few people. I walked for __6__ seemed like miles. Then I saw just how long the wall I was standing on stretched for. It was __7__ (end)! I walked and walked, but after every hill I climbed, there was another long stretch of wall. I eventually came to __8__ long staircase. Later I found out that it __9__ (call) “Chairman Mao's Challenge”. I accepted, and after climbing the hundred plus stairs to the peak, I had to admit that the Great Wall truly lives up to its reputation. So if I __10__ (have) another chance to travel to China, I would never hesitate to visit the Great Wall again. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。长城举世闻名，是中国文化的一张名片。本文讲述了作者登临长城的所见所感。

1．giving

句意：水汽弥漫了长城的远端，赋予它一种近乎神秘的感觉。give与其逻辑主语“The mist”为主动关系，故应用其现在分词形式在句中作结果状语。

2．quickly

句意：云雾在高山上翻腾起伏，长城时隐时现。此处为“as＋形容词/副词＋as ...”结构，在本句中应用副词修饰动词。

3．on/along

句意：我继续行走，沿途看见一个接一个的烽火台。on/along one's way “沿途”。

4．relief

“to one's＋表示情感的名词”是固定用法，意为“令某人……的是”。relieve的名词是relief，意为“轻松，解脱，宽慰”。

5．to climb

当名词前有the only, the best, the first, the last等修饰语时，其后常跟动词不定式作后置定语。

6．what

句意：我似乎步行了数英里。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中引导宾语从句，且在从句中作主语，故填what。

7．endless

句意：长城是无边无际的。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应用形容词作表语，故填endless“无止境的，无限的”。

8．a

句意：我最终来到一个长长的楼梯前。staircase意为“楼梯”，是可数名词，

且其前无限定词修饰，故应用不定冠词a表示泛指。

9．was called

it(指代a long staircase)与call之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。再结合本文的基本时态为一般过去时可知，此处也应用一般过去时。

10．had

句意：因此如果我再有机会去中国旅行的话，我一定会毫不犹豫再去参观长城的。根据语境可知，此处表示对与将来事实相反的情况的假设，故应填had。