Lesson 2 Personalities and Jobs教案1

课时作业(二)

Unit 13

People 阅读理解

A

One summer night in 1900，a reporter appeared at the door of Thomas Edison’s laboratory asking for an interview.The night guard wouldn’t admit him，even though Edison was still at work upstairs.The reporter，Remsen Crawford，said he needed to get Edison’s reaction to the news that seven of his inventions “would become available to the public” when their patents (专利) ran out at midnight. The guard passed on the request to Edison，who replied：“Go back.Tell that fellow that I say Mr Edison has never used his inventions alone and never expects to in this world.So the ending of a patent has no effect upon the wealth of an inventor.”

Hearing

Edison’s

response，Crawford

wrote another note：“What do you mean by ‘never used alone’？Must see you.”

Finally the great inventor admitted Crawford and gave him this statement：“In this country an inventor can’t stop people copying his inventions.The moment he invents

something，there’ll

be pirates rising up on all sides and calling it their own.”

Thirty

years

later，Crawford

was

back

at Edison’s

laboratory，again asking about patents and the money he got from them.Crawford asked him，“You have invented many things，including the electric lighting.Why aren’t you the richest man in the world today？”

Edison’s reply：“Nearly $10,000,000,000，they tell me，is

invested in modern industries

which developed from

ideas

included in my

inventions and my patents.A billion or so dollars may be the annual total income to workers in fields connected with my inventions and patents.But I’ve

made very little profit from my inventions.In my lifetime I’ve

taken out 1180 patents so far.These patents have cost me more than they’ve

returned me.I’ve

made money through the introduction and sale of my products as a maker，not as an inventor.”

Edison was one of the few fortunate inventors who

knew

that

great

engineering，on

its

own，earned nothing.The success of any technology lies in its business

model and the protection of its copyright.Unfortunately，Edison said，the US had a

“poor system” for protecting inventions. 语篇解读

本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了关于爱迪生的鲜为人知的故事。为什么这位伟大的发明家一生发明无数，却没有因此而成为世界上最富裕的人？

1．According to

Paragraph

1，Crawford visited Edison to________. A．inform him of the news B．see how hard Edison worked

C．know what Edison was inventing D．find out Edison’s response to the news 解析：

细节理解题。根据第一段中的Remsen Crawford，said he needed to get Edison’s reaction to the news...可知，他深夜拜访爱迪生是想了解爱迪生对于自己的七项发明专利权到期的反应，故选D项。

答案：

D 2．What was Edison’s attitude toward the ending of his patents? A．Happy.

C．Indifferent. B．Annoyed. D．Worried. 解析：

推理判断题。从第二段的has never used his inventions alone以及the ending of a patent has no effect upon the wealth of an inventor可知，这个消息对于爱迪生来说无关紧要。

答案：

C 3．It is implied in the text that in Edison’s time________. A．America had no patent protection laws B．his inventions were not highly valued C．patents benefited inventors little D．applying for patents was costly 解析：

推理判断题。由第四段中The moment he invents something，there’ll be pirates rising up on all sides and calling it their own以及最后一段中的the US had a “poor system” for protecting inventions可知C项正确。

答案：

C 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Edison and his patents B．Edison，the greatest inventor C．The patent system in America D．Edison’s way of making money 解析：

标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了爱迪生鲜为人知的故事，即他的一千多个专利为什么没有让他成为世界上最富有的人，因此A项很好地概括了文章内容。

答案：

A B

Lewis

Howard

Latimer

was

an

African－American scientist who made many important scientific discoveries.Latimer was born in Chelsea，Massachusetts，in 1848，to parents who were escaped slaves.At the age of 15，he joined the Union navy during the Civil War. After his military service in 1865，Latimer was employed as an office boy at the patent

attorney office

(专利代理事务所) of Crosby and Gould in Boston，where he

learned mechanical drawing.In 1876，Latimer was hired by Alexander Graham Bell to create the drawings necessary for a patent application for Bell’s new invention，the telephone.Latimer completed these drawings and rushed them to the patent office，where they arrived only a few hours before the drawings of a competitor.Thus，Bell secured the patent for the telephone. While working for the US Electric Lighting Company，Latimer and his employers looked for a way to improve upon the incandescent light bulb (白炽灯)

that was being marketed by Thomas Edison.Edison’s

light bulbs lasted only a few days.By inventing a cardboard envelope that surrounded the carbon filament (碳质灯丝) in the light bulb，Latimer was able to make light bulbs longer lasting and less expensive.As a result，many cities saw electrical lighting as a better and cleaner way to light their streets and homes.Cities like New York，London，Montreal，and Philadelphia set up this kind of lighting，and Latimer was sent out to plan and build the lighting systems. In 1890，Latimer was hired by Thomas Edison at the Edison Electric Light Company.There he made more important discoveries and wrote a well－known book.He was the only African－American member of the Edison Pioneers，a group of men who practically created the electric industry.Latimer invented a bathroom compartment (车厢) for trains，a locking rack (行李架) for hats，coats and umbrellas，and a new improved book holder for bookshelves.He died in 1928. 语篇解读

本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了美国著名非洲裔发明家拉蒂默。

5．According to Paragraph 2，Latimer________. A．helped Bell design the telephone B．made certain Bell secured his patent C．was the real inventor of the telephone D．had worked for Bell’s competitor 解析：

细节理解题。根据第二段可知，拉蒂默及时为贝尔的电话完成了制图，从而确保贝尔申请到了电话的发明专利。

答案：

B 6．We know from Paragraph 3 that Latimer________. A．made light bulbs much safer B．invented new street lamps C．helped Edison with his inventions D．improved on Edison’s light bulbs 解析：

细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Latimer...to improve upon the incandescent light bulb that was being marketed by Thomas Edison可知，拉蒂默改进了爱迪生的电灯。

答案：

D 7．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Latimer’s important achievements in science. B．How Latimer became a member of Edison Pioneers. C．The wide influence of Thomas Edison. D．How Edison helped Latimer with his work. 解析：

段落大意题。作者在最后一段主要介绍了拉蒂默的科技成就，A项符合该大意。

答案：

A 8．Which of the following is TRUE about Latimer? A．He had served for military for five years. B．He invented umbrellas and bookshelves. C．His parents had been slaves. D．He died at the age of 90. 解析：

细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Latimer was born...to parents who were escaped slaves可知，拉蒂默的父母曾经都是奴隶。

答案：

C C

On 9 January 2013，London Underground celebrated

150 years since the first underground journey took place between Paddington and Farringdon on the Metropolitan Railway.Britain’s Prince Charles took a ride on the London Underground for the first time in a quarter century.Charles and his wife，Camilla，joined government officials and passengers to mark the 150th anniversary (周年纪念) of the Underground，the world’s first subway system. The subway system，which sees 3.5 million journeys a day，is well known for warning passengers to be careful when boarding the train. The couple traveled one stop，from Farringdon to King’s

Cross on the Metropolitan Line—the oldest part of the subway system，opened in 1863.Charles last traveled by subway in 1986，when he and the late Princess Diana took the Underground to Heathrow Airport to open a new terminal (航站楼)．

London Underground，in partnership with London Transport Museum，is celebrating with a series of events and activities throughout 2013.The events will explore the Underground’s history and look at the role it will play in the future—both in the lives of Londoners and the economy of the City and the UK.The Underground plays a big part in the lives of Londoners，connecting

people and places across the capital. During 2013，Art on the Underground will present a programme in which 15 leading British artists will bring artworks into every station on the Underground.Other activities

include

screenings

of London

Underground themed films and a special collection of gifts and souvenirs.All items in the collection can all be bought online in the London Transport Museum shop. 语篇解读

本文是新闻报道。文章介绍了伦敦地铁150周年庆典的相关活动。

9．Prince Charles took the Underground this year to________. A．celebrate the Underground’s 150th anniversary B．observe the art on the Underground C．travel with the Princess

D．open a new terminal 解析：

细节理解题。根据第一段中的Charles and his wife，Camilla，joined government officials and passengers to mark the 150th anniversary

of the Underground可知，A项正确。

答案：

A 10．The last paragraph is mainly about the Underground’s________.

A．bright future C．great influence

B．important role D．celebration activities 解析：

推理判断题。根据最后一段中介绍的由英国的艺术家创作艺术作品，以及与伦敦地铁相关的电影和纪念品等可知，最后一段主要介绍与伦敦地铁150周年庆典相关的一些活动。

答案：

D 11．We can learn from the text that________. A．film stars will show up at the celebrations B．Charles and Camilla traveled the whole journey C．souvenirs can be bought at the underground station D．the Underground is of great importance in the lives of Londoners 解析：

推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，伦敦地铁在人们日常生活中起着重要的作用。

答案：

D 12．What’s the best title for the text? A．The first subway station in the world B．Charles and Camilla’s underground journey C．Artists bring artworks into London Underground D．London Underground marks its 150th anniversary

解析：

标题归纳题。文章介绍了伦敦地铁150周年庆典的相关情况。文章首句即主题句。

答案：

D