Grammar and usage(2): Unreal conditions优质公开课教案

Module 6 Unit 3—虚拟语气

应掌握的内容：

（一）非真实条件句中虚拟语气的用法

1. 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法。

2. 错综时间条件句的虚拟语气。

3. 省略if的虚拟语气倒装用法。

4. 含蓄条件句的虚拟语气用法。

（二）类似if用法的虚拟语气

wish, as if/though, if only, even if/though

（三）固定短语或句型的虚拟用法

It is (high/about) time (that)……

would rather 后的宾语从句

（四）(should)+动词原形的虚拟语气

suggest, suggestion, demand, order, request等Step 1 课前任务

标记本单元Reading文章中含有虚拟语气的句子。

Step 2 课中学

（语法剖析）

（一）非真实条件句中虚拟语气的用法

1. 一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法表。（此表非常重要）

表示与事实情况相反

现在

过去

将来

条件从句的谓语

①

②

③

主句的谓语形式

2.

错综时间条件句的虚拟语气：主句与从句的谓语表示的动作发生的时间____________，主从句谓语动词的虚拟形式根据上表来各自对照。

3.

省略if的虚拟语气倒装用法：If从句中含有______________________时，省略_____, 将_________________________移至_________前，实行倒装。注意: 如果省略的条件句中的谓语动词是_______形式时,不能将否定词一并提前。

4. 含蓄条件句的虚拟语气用法：虚拟的条件不是通过if条件句，而是用一些词或短语，如

________________________________等暗示出来, 注意：解题时要根据_________________来判断时间，句子的谓语动词应参照if大表格中主句的谓语动词形式。

（二）类似if用法的虚拟语气

1. wish, as if/though后的从句的谓语形式：与现在事实相反使用______________;与过去事实相反使用_______________;与将来事实相反使用_______________________________。

2. even if/though引导让步状语从句，表示与现在事实相反时，从句用_______________，主句用_________________________；表示与过去事实相反时，从句用_______________，主句用__________________________________。即与if表现在和过去相反的用法一致。

3. If only引导的条件句中，表示与现在事实相反，从句用__________________;表示与过去事实相反，从句用________________________。

（三）固定短语或句型的虚拟用法

1. 在It’s (high/about) time (that)…之后的从句中的谓语动词使用_____________________。

2. 在would rather后的宾语从句中谓语动词，表示与现在或将来事实相反时用__________;表示与过去事实相反时用__________________。

You have to believe in yourself. That's the secret of success. 1

（四）(should)+动词原形的虚拟语气：表示建议、要求、命令等意义的动词或名词后的名词性从句中，谓语动词一律使用should + do/be done。注：should可以省略。常考类似词有：____________________________________________________等。注意：insist的词义表示___________________时，suggest的词义表示________________时，其后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。

Step 3 课中练。（常考点）

考点1 “if”虚拟条件句

1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English ______ much easier.

A. will be

B. would have been

C. could have been

D. would be 2. ________he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. A. If

B. Since

C. Though

D. When 3. If it _______ tomorrow, we________ put off the visit to the Huanghu Mountain.

A. rains; would have had to

B. were to rain; will have to

C. should rain; would have to

D. rained; should have had to

特别注意省略“if”的虚拟条件句

4. ________fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. A. Would you be

B. Should you be

C. Could you be

D. Might you be 5. ______for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.

A. If it is not

B. Were it not

C. Had it not been

D. If they were not

考点2 错综虚拟条件句

6. —Joe, do not forget to bring your laptop with you tomorrow, OK? —Oh, thank you. I wouldn’t bring it if you _________ me.

A. wouldn’t remind

B. haven’t reminded

C . hadn’t reminded

D. shouldn’t have reminded 考点3 含蓄虚拟条件句

7. They ________two free tickets to Canada, otherwise they’d never have been able to afford to go. A. had got

B. got

C. have got

D. get

8. But for the Party, he _______ of hunger 30 years ago.

A. would have died

B. must have died

C. would die

D. died 9. Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night__, too cold for us to live.

A. would be freezing cold

B. will be freezing coldly

C. would be frozen cold

D. can freeze coldly

10. Having known earlier, we __________such a thing from happening again.

A. would stopped

B. should have stopped

C. would have stopped

D. need have stopped 11. — He _________ in the experiment last time.

— Luckily he followed your advice.

A. failed

B. was failing

C. might have failed

D. would have failed 考点4 特殊句式虚拟结构

12. Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it________ yesterday. A. was happening

B. happens

C. has happened

D. happened You have to believe in yourself. That's the secret of success. 2

13. —I’m going to see the victim’s brother.

—I’d rather you__________________.

A. didn’t

B. do not

C. don’t

D. do 14. —

Don’t you think it necessary that he _______to Miami but to New York? —I agree, but the problem is ________ he has refused to. A. will not be sent; that

B. not be sent; that

C. should not be sent; what

D. should not send; what 15. I wish that you _____ such a bad headache because I’m sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.

A. hadn’t

B. didn’t have had

C. hadn’t had

D. hadn’t have Step 4 课后延伸（虚拟语气2012、2013、2014年高考原题）

1.（2014北京卷）34. We __________

back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map. A. are

B. were

C. will be

D. would be 2.（2014福建卷）32.

no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.

A. Were there

B. Had there been

C .If there are

D. If there have been 3.（2014湖南卷）22.If Mr. Dewey _____ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there. A. were

B. had been

C. should be

D. was 4.（2014陕西卷）23. We would rather our daughter ________ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer. A. would stay

B. has stayed

C. stayed

D. stay 5.（2014天津卷）15. ________ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting. A.Did he catch

B. should be catch

C. has he caught D. Had he caught 6.（2014浙江卷

）16. They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they _____ to our help. A. would have come

B. could come

C. have come

D. had come 7.（2014重庆卷）13.It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I __ it? A. had done

B. have done

C. did

D. am doing 8.（2013重庆）29. - It rained cats and dogs this morning. I’m glad we took an umbrella.

- Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we __________

A. hadn’t

B. haven't

C. didn't

D. don't

9. (2013安徽）28. I __________to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not available.

You have to believe in yourself. That's the secret of success. 3

A. went

B. had gone

C. would go

D. would have gone

10.(2013辽宁）31. Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _____ too much at the party last night.

A. could drink

B. should drink

C. would have drunk

D. must have drunk

11（2013陕西）21. The children__________ lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.

A. must have got

B. must get

C. should have got

D. should get

12. (2013四川）5. —Why are your eyes so red? You _______ have slept well last night.

—Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.

A. can’t

B. mustn’t

C. needn’t

D. won’t

13. (2013北京）34. If we__________ a table earlier, we couldn’t be standing here in a queue.

A. have booked

B. booked

C. book

D. had booked

14, (2013福建）30. ----Do you think George has passed the driving test?

----No. If so, he ______ his car to our college yesterday.

A. would drive

B. drove

C. would have driven

D. had driven 15. （2013江苏）30. I should not have laughed if I __________you were serious.

A. thought

B. would think

C. had thought

D. have thought 16. （2013陕西）12. My mom suggests that we__________ eat out for a change this weekend.

A. should

B. might

C. could

D. would

17. （2013天津）14. If he had spent more time practicing speaking English before, he __________able to speak it much better now.

A. will be

B. would be

C. has been

D. would have been

18. (2013浙江）8. Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam ______ at the age of six months old.

A. was

B. be

C. were

D. is 19. (2012浙江）Had they known what was coming next, they________ second thoughts. A. may have

B. could have

C. must have had

D. might have had 20. （2012湖南）Sorry, I am too busy now. If I_______ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. A. have had

B. had had

C. have

D. had

You have to believe in yourself. That's the secret of success. 4