Reading and vocabulary教学目标设计

Reading and Vocabulary

(2018·宁夏银川高三教学质检)It is not only praise or punishment that determines a child's level of confidence.There are some other important ways we shape our kids —

particularly by giving instructions and commands in a negative or positive choice of words.For example, we can say to a child “Don't run into traffic！”

or “Stay on the footpath close to me.” In using the latter, you will be helping your kids to think and act positively, and to feel competent in a wide range of situations, because they know what to do, and aren't scaring themselves with what not to do. Actually, it is all in the way the human mind works.What we think, we automatically rehearse.For example, if someone offered you a million dollars not to think of a blue monkey for two minutes, you wouldn't be able to do it.When a child is told “Don't fall off the tree，”

he will think of two things：“don't” and “fall off the tree”. That is, he will automatically create the picture of falling off the tree in his mind.A child who is vividly imagining falling off the tree is much more likely to fall off.So it is far better to use “Hold on to the tree carefully.”

Clear, positive instructions help kids to understand the right way to do things.Kids do not always know how to be safe, or how to react to the warning of the danger in negative words.So parents should make their commands positive.“Sam, hold on firmly to the side of the boat” is much more useful than “Don't you dare to fall out of the boat？”

or “How do you think I'll feel if you drown？”

The changes are small but the difference is obvious. Children learn how to guide and organize themselves from the way we guide them with our words, so it pays to be positive. 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。在对孩子做出命令和指示时，父母所用的正面或负面的表达方式会影响孩子的自信心。

4．Positive choice of words helps kids to ________. A．do things carefully B．learn in different situations C．improve their imagination D．build up their confidence 解析：选D

细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句可知，父母用积极的表达方式更能够激发孩子们的自信心。故选D。

5．What can we infer from Paragraph 2? A．One can't help imagining what is heard. B．A child will act on what is instructed.

C．A child will fall off the tree when told not to. D．One won't think of a blue monkey when given money. 解析：选A

推理判断题。根据第二段的第三句“For example, if someone offered you a million dollars not to think of a blue monkey for two minutes, you wouldn't be able to do it.”及后面的两个例子可知，当被告知不要做某事时，脑海中却会情不自禁地浮现出做某事的样子，故选A。

6．Which of the following commands helps kids to be safe? A．Fasten your seat belt. B．Don't play by the lake. C．How do you think I'll feel if you get hurt? D．Don't you dare to walk through the red light? 解析：选A

推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，明确的、肯定的命令更能让孩子们正确地行事，故A项符合题意。

7．The main idea of the passage is that ________. A．praise makes kids confident B．right instructions keep kids safe C．positive instructions guide kids D．clear commands make kids different 解析：选C

主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要论述了不同的命令和指示方式运用在教导孩子上的效果是迥然不同的，积极的指令有助于增加孩子的自信，指导孩子的行为，故选C。

(一)单元小语法

——现在完成进行时

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．—We have spent too much money recently. —Well, it's not surprising. Prices have_been_rising (rise) all the time.

2．My eyes are getting tired. I have_been_reading (read) for two hours. I think I'll take a rest. 3．—What a long queue! —Yeah. We have_been_queuing (queue) up in the past few hours for tickets back home.

4．Since the beginning of the vacation, I have_been_travelling (travel) across the country, and my next stop is Wuyi Mountains.

5．We have_been_working (work) on this project for four hours. Let's have a rest. 6．—Where is Peter? I can't find him anywhere. —He went to the library after breakfast and has_been_writing (write) his essay there ever since. Ⅱ.单句改错

1．The reports went missing in 2017 and nobody have seen them ever since.have→has 2．I have been told you to be careful for weeks.told→telling

3．Marty has been worked really hard on his book and he thinks he'll have finished it by Friday.worked→working 4．What have you been doing before you left Oxford？have→had 5．It's a long time since you come to see me.come→came 6．I'm glad to tell you that you passed the exam.passed前加have

(二)课堂微写作

练补写——让行文更条理

[题目要求]

假设你是李华，你将代表你们班参加你校本周五举行的英文歌曲大赛。请用英语给你的美国笔友Rose写一封100词左右的电子邮件。

[补写提示]

请按提示线索补写下列习作中的中间段落。

Dear Rose，

I'm writing to ask you for some help. 本周五举行英文歌曲大赛→请对方帮助选哪首歌曲参赛→希望对方提供一些演唱指导→表示感谢

Looking forward to your reply. Yours，

Li Hua [答案示例]

Dear Rose，

I'm writing to ask you for some help. A_competition_of_singing_English_songs_is_to_be_held_in_our_school_this_Friday_and_I'm_going_to_represent_our_class._However,_I_don't_know_which_song_will_be_the_most_proper._I_know_you_are_good_at_singing_and_have_taken_part_in_several_such_competitions,_so_I'd_like_you_to_recommend_one._In_addition,_I'm_good_at_singing_Chinese_songs_but_I_seldom_sing_English_ones,_so_I'd_like_you_to_give_me_some_advice_on_how_to_sing_English_songs._I_would_appreciate_it_very_much.

Looking forward to your reply. Yours，

Li Hua