Grammar and usage(1): Overview: infinitive, verb-ing and verb-ed(I)教学设计(第二课时)

非谓语动词

I．

非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词、分词(现在分词和过去分词)，是动词一种形式,可在句子中充当谓语以外的其他成分。

动名词

分词

不定式

主语

V

V

宾语

V

V

表语

V

V

V

定语

V

V

V

补语

V

V

状语

V

V

II．

考点荟萃

从近几年的高考试题来看，非谓语动词考查特征呈现情景和设问角度的多样化趋势。具体考点如下：

现在分词与过去分词的区别；done, being done, to be done的区别；不定式与分词作状语的区别；不定式的时态及疑问词＋不定式形式；谓语动词与非谓语动词的区分；非谓语动词的时态、语态、复合结构以及独立结构的使用。

大家在判断使用何种非谓语动词形式时，可遵循以下规律：对比时间：对照谓语动词的时间，确定非谓语动词的时态形式；辨明逻辑：从非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系判断非谓语动词的语态。

*注意：1. 非谓语动词有时态和语态的变化

2. 否定形式：

not + 非谓语动词

第一课时

不定式

1．动词不定式的各种形式及其表达的时态和语态意义

一般式

进行式

完成式

完成进行式

主动

to do

to be doing

to have done

to have been doing

被动

to be done

/

to have been done

/

如：He seems to know this.

It is important to read English every day.

The bridge to be built next year is very long.

I'm sorry to have kept you waiting so long.

His new novel is said to have been published.

She happened to be writing a letter when I passed by.

了解不定式各种形式的时态和语态意义对正确理解和使用不定式起着很重要的作用。要结合不定式的句法功能一起掌握，灵活运用。

2．不定式的句法功能，除了谓语外，不定式可以担当句子的任何成分。To see is to believe. 眼见为实。(作主语和表语)

To save time is to lengthen life. (不定式短语作主语)

1

You should continue to learn as long as you live.

要活到老学到老。(不定式短语作宾语)

She usually has a lot of meetings to attend in the evenings. 她晚上经常有很多会要开。(不定式短语作定语)

To /In order to do a good job, we must have the right tools.

要干好活工具得用对。(不定式短语作目的状语)

He got up early in order to/ so as to catch the first bus.(不定式短语作目的状语)

I didn't expect you to arrive so early.

我没想到你来得那么早。(不定式短语作宾语补足语)

3．

学习动词不定式应注意的几个问题

(1) 用不定式作宾语的词语。

下列词语常用不定式作宾语：afford，promise，refuse，expect，

hope，

learn，offer，wish，want，fail，plan，agree，prefer，decide，manage，arrange，determine，desire等。

下列动词后可接“疑问词＋不定式”：teach，decide，wonder，show，learn，forget，ask，advise，discuss等。

He didn’t know what to do .

(2) 理解和使用不定式作宾补。

①

see，watch，notice，hear，listen to，observe，feel，make，let，have 等的宾补用动词原形，

变被动时要加to，此时的不定式就是主语补足语。

②

常用不定式作宾补的几种情况：

主语＋ask/require/tell/order/force/get/want/like＋sb. to do sth.

主语＋think/judge/suppose/believe/consider/imagine＋sb.＋to be/to have done sth.

主语＋call on/depend on/wait for/ask for＋sb.＋to do sth.

(3) 不定式作定语的特殊用法。

①

下列词语后常接不定式作定语：chance，wish，right，courage，need，promise，time，opportunity，way，the first，the second，the last，the only等。如：

He had a good way to make his lessons lively and interesting.

Who was the first one to get to the top of the hill yesterday? ②

不定式作定语和所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系。如：

There is no one to look after her.

③

不定式与被修饰的名词在逻辑上有动宾关系。如：

I have a lot of work to do.

如果不定式是不及物动词，后面应有必要的介词。如：

He is looking for a room to live in.

但如果及物动词后已有了自己的宾语，其后还应加适当的介词。

Here is a box to put things in.

注意：如果不定式的逻辑主语和逻辑宾语都出现在不定式前面，不定式则用主动形式；若在句中找不到不定式的逻辑主语，则用不定式的被动形式。注意这两句话的区别：

I have a letter to write. 我有封信要写。(我写信) I'm going to Beijing next week. Do you have anything to be taken to your friends？……你有什么要(我)带给你的朋友们吗？(被我带而不是你带) (4) 不定式作状语的用法。

不定式作状语，修饰动词，在句中表示目的、结果、原因。only to do表示出人意料的

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结果。如：

We hurried to the classroom （

only ）

to find none there.

He hurried to the school （only ）to find nobody there.

in order (not) to，so as (not) to用来引导目的状语，但so as to不能用于句首。so…as to do, such ＋

名词…as to do引导结果状语。如：

The girl was so kind as to help the old man off the bus.

I'm not such a fool as to believe that.

不定式还可以作修饰表语形容词或补语形容词的状语。如：

He is hard to please / to get along with.

Do you think him easy to work with?

Please give me a knife to cut with.

There is nothing to worry about.

He is looking for a room to live in.

注意：此时不定式用主动，而不需用被动。而且不及物动词后的介词不能遗漏。

不定式的完成式的特殊用法。

①

表示不定式中动词发生的动作先于主句的谓语动词发出的动作。如：

The novel was said to have been published.

I regret to have been with you for so many years.

seem，appear，be said，be supposed，be believed，be thought，be known，be reported等常用于上面句型。

此外，glad，happy，satisfied，sorry，surprised，disappointed后也可接不定式的完成式。

②

不定式的完成式还可表示“过去本想做某事但未做”的虚拟语气。

(A) would like/would love ＋

不定式的完成式。

(B) was/were ＋

不定式的完成式，表示该做某事或想做但未实现。

(C) expect/hope/mean/promise/suppose/think/want/wish ＋

不定式的完成式，表示过去未曾实现的愿望。

(6) 不定式的省略。

①

两个并列的不定式由and或or连接时，省略后面的不定式中的to。如： I want to finish my homework and go home.

I'm really puzzled what to think or say.

特例：To be or not to be，this is a question.

He is better to laugh than to cry. (表示对比) ②

句中含有动词do时，but，except，besides等后面的不带to。即“前有do，后省to”。如：He didn't do anything but complain. 在

cannot but, cannot choose but, cannot help but , could not but ,could not help but

的后面不带to , 它们的意思都是“只好，只有”

,如：

He could not but walk home. / It’s raining hard, I cannot help but stay at home./

I cannot but admire his courage. (7) 不定式的替代。

多用在同一句或联系紧密的对话中，为了避免重复，作宾语或补语的不定式再次出现时，to后的内容常承前省略(只保留to即可)。但如果承前省略的不定式有助动词have或be的任何形式，后应该保留原形be或have。如：

Susan is not what she used to be.

I'd like /love /be happy to.

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—

You came late this morning. You ought to have finished your homework.

—

I know I ought to have.

区分：It is brave of you to do that.

It is easy for you to do that.

当下列表示人物特征的形容词同of 后的名词或代词关系密切，有意义上的主表关系时，常与o f 搭配。brave, careful, careless, clever, foolish, good, honest, kind, nice, right, wrong ,rude, stupid, silly, wise, thoughtful, etc

It was very kind of you to come to help me. = You were very kind to come to help me. 下列表示事物性质的形容词同for后的名词或代词关系不密切，没有意义上的主表关系，但与句中的不定式结构关系密切，有意义上的主表关系，常与

for 搭配。easy, hard, heavy, necessary, impossible, possible, important, difficult, etc. It’s hard for him to get rid of his bad habits .

= For him to get rid of his bad habits is hard. 动名词具有动词和名词的特点，有一般式和完成式，有主动式和被动式之分，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语和定语。

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第二课时动名词和分词

一、动名词

动名词和现在分词一样也是由动词+ing

构成，在句中起名词的作用，可作

主语、宾语、表语和定语。否定形式也是not+ 动名词，有四种时态和语态形式，使用时注意如下内容即可。

语态

时态

一般

完成

时态与语态

一般式

主动

被动

teaching

having taught

意义

例句

being taught

having been taught

1．动名词的基本构成和意义

表示动作与谓语动词Would you mind my opening the 同时或稍后发生

window？你介意我打开窗户吗？

I remembered having been taken to 表示动作先于谓语动Beijing three times. 我记得自己被带到北词发生

京三次。

They were praised for having finished 逻辑主语是动名词动the work ahead of time. 他们因提前完成作的执行者

工作而受到表扬。

逻辑主语是动名词的No one likes being laughed at in public. 承受者

没有人愿意当众被嘲笑。

完成式

主动语态

被动语态

2. 动名词的句法功能

(1) 作主语

动名词作主语表示抽象的概念，通常直接置于句首，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。如：

Climbing mountains is really fun.爬山真有趣。

It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。(谚语)

(2) 作宾语

①

作动词的宾语。可接动名词作宾语的动词巧记如下：

考虑建议盼原谅(consider，suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse, pardon)

承认推迟没得想(admit, delay/put off, fancy)

避免错过继续练(avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practise)

否认完成停止赏(deny, finish, stop, enjoy/appreciate)

不禁介意准逃亡(can't help, mind, allow/permit, escape)

不准冒险凭想象(forbid, risk, imagine) ②

作动词短语的宾语。可接动名词作宾语的动词短语有：

think of，depend on，set about，succeed in，worry about，think about，give up，put off，burst out，insist on，can't stand, be/get used to，devote…to，look forward to，pay attention to，get down to，object to，feel like，adapt to，dream of等。

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二、分词

分词包括现在分词和过去分词。学习分词要注意下面两大问题：分词的各种形式及其表达的时态和语态意义；分词的句法功能。

1．

分词的各种形式及其表达的时态和语态意义

形式

时态意义

语态

例句

意义

现

在

分

词

一

动作正在进行主动

He stood on the street begging.

般

或与主句谓语式

动词同时发生

被动

The building being built is a hospital.

完

动作发生在主主动

Having finished my homework, I went to bed.

成

句谓语动词之Not having received a reply, he decided to 式

前

write again.

被动

Having been criticized many times, Jack didn't come any more.

注意：了解分词的各种形式及其表达的时态和语态意义，是正确理解和使用分词的关键。

过

去

分

词

形式

时态意义

语态

例句

意义

及物动

动作已完主动

I often heard the song sung.

词的过

成

去分词

无

时态意被动

spoken and written English

义

少数不

动作已完被动

fallen leaves 及物动

成

the risen sun (对比falling leaves正在下落的叶子，词的过

the rising sun正在升起的太阳)

去分词

分词的时态意义和语态意义不同于谓语动词的时态和语态，非谓语的时态意义和语态意义都是相对而言的。具体地说，非谓语动词的时态意义是和主句谓语动词相对而言，例如：如果分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生，则可能用现在分词一般式，如果是在主句谓语动词之前发生，则可能用现在分词完成式。而语态意义则和分词的逻辑主语有关，如果分词的动作与其逻辑主语是主动关系，则用现在分词，如果与其逻辑主语是被动关系，则可能用现在分词的被动式，或过去分词。所谓的逻辑主语即句子中与分词形成逻辑关系的名词或代词。例如：分词作状语和表语时，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。分词作定语，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词或代词。分词作宾语补足语，其逻辑主语就是句子的宾语。

2．

分词的句法功能

(1) 作定语

Mike held a burning stick and Tom carried a gun. (The stick was burning.)

How I regretted the hours wasted in the woods and fields(＝that had been wasted …)!

Asia is the largest continent, covering one third of the earth's land area (＝which covers …).

6

分词短语作定语有时和它所修饰的名词或代词发生分隔开来的现象。

There is a notice on the blackboard reading “An examination will be given next week. (＝which reads…)”

(2) 作表语

We were excited at the news.

His shoes were old and worn.

(3) 作补语

包括宾语补足语和主语补足语。常用于see, leave, watch, hear, feel, find, have, keep等动词之后以及with复合结构中。

I saw Tom coming out of the house.

No tricky words would move him. He kept his mouth tightly closed.

We mustn't leave the work unfinished.

He stood for some time with his hand still raised.

(4) 作状语

分词作状语常表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随或结果、附加说明等。

Reading the letter, I couldn't help thinking of my school life. (时间状语)

Being ill, I didn't go to school yesterday. (原因状语)

Not having done it as he told us to, we were scolded. (原因状语)

Working hard, you will succeed. (条件状语)

He came running all the way. (方式状语)

The children headed towards school, followed by their dogs. (伴随状语) He dropped the plate, breaking it into hundreds of pieces. (结果状语)

If the advertising fails, having no effect on sales, the whole programme will be reviewed. (附加说明)

注意：分词作结果状语往往表示意料中的结果，而不定式作结果状语则表示意料之外的结果。试比较：

A terrible storm hit the area, causing great damage to the crops. (表示意料中的结果)

He arrived to the station only to find the train had already left. (表示意料之外的结果) 分词作状语时有时前面可加有连词。如：

Once, while working on a new invention, Edison made 8,000 tests without success.

I won't go to his party unless invited.

The beggar waited as if expecting more.

(5) 作插入语的分词独立结构

分词作插入语的结构是固定的，意思上的主语并不是句子的主语。如：

generally speaking一般说来

talking of (speaking of)说到

strictly speaking 严格地说

judging from 从……判断

all things considered 从整体来看

taking all things into consideration全面看来

e.g.Judging from his face, he must be ill.

从他的脸色看，他一定是病了。

Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs.

总的来说，狗比猪跑得快。(speaking不是dogs的动作)

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反面解读非谓语动词

1．

【误】

We don't allow to smoke in the lecture hall.

【正】

We don't allow smoking in the lecture hall.

【正】

We don't allow people to smoke in the lecture hall. 2．

【误】

She was the first person thinking of the idea.

【正】

She was the first person to think of the idea.

3．

【误】

The question being discussed at tomorrow's meeting is a very important one.

【正】

The question to be discussed at tomorrow's meeting is a very important one.

4．

【误】

This boy was seen come late this morning.

【正】

This boy was seen to come late this morning.

5．

I've been looking forward to hear from you.【答案】

hear 改为hearing。

6．

He admitted to have stolen the car.【答案】

to have改为having。

7．

This is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.【答案】

This改为

It。

8．

The flowers need being watered.

【答案】

being watered改为watering或者to be watered。

9．

现在分词的完成式通常不作定语或补语。

(1) 【误】

I could see the house having been beautifully decorated.

【正】

I could see the house beautifully decorated.

(2) 【误】

The book having been written long ago is hard for us to understand today.

【正】

The book written long ago is hard for us to understand today.

10．作状语的分词，其逻辑主语必须同句中主语为同一人或同一事，现在分词与其逻辑主语有主动关系，而过去分词则与其逻辑主语有被动关系。

(1) 【误】

Having found the cause, the experiment continued.

【正】

Having found the cause, they continued the experiment. (Having found＝After/When they had found) (2) 【误】

Seeing from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful.

【正】

Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful.

11．非谓语的否定式中，not必须放在非谓语的最前面。

(1) 【误】

Having not finished his homework, he didn't want to go to bed.

【正】

Not having finished his homework, he didn't want to go to bed. (2) 【误】

Mother warns us to not play in the street.

【正】

Mother warns us not to play in the street.

1．

The book mainly deals with the trouble students might have _______ right from wrong.

A．distinguishing

B．distinguished

C．to distinguish

D．to be distinguished 2. Everyone in the town knew him so we had no trouble in finding his house. You can never imagine what great difficulty I have ______ your house. A. found

B. finding

C. to find

D. for finding

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第三课时

实战演练

1．

The book mainly deals with the trouble students might have _______ right from wrong.

A．distinguishing

B．distinguished C．to distinguish

D．to be distinguished 2.

________ of the truth of the reports, he told his colleagues about it.

A．Convinced

B．Convincing

C．To convince

D．Having convinced

______ in thought，

he almost ran into the car in front of him.

A. Losing

B. Having lost

C. Lost

D. To lose 3．

—

Be careful! Don't forget you are on a ladder.

— But you are holding it for me, nothing

____________ .

A．worry about

B．to worry aboutC．is worried about

D．worrying about 4．

He looked at me, with an expression ________ that he felt even more puzzled.

A．indicate

B．indicates

C．indicating

D．indicated 5．Your cousin is said

________

a new computer programme recently, but do you know when he will finish it?

A．to design

B．to be designing

C．to have been designing

D．to have designed 6．

When John came to himself, he found himself ________ in the hospital, but he didn't know how that had come ________.

A．staying; around

B．lying; about C．lied; across

D．lying; into being 7．

He claimed ________ in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.

A．being badly treatedB．treating badly

C．to be treated badly D．to have been badly treated 8．

—

Why are the students working so hard these days?

— ________

ready for the coming entrance examination.

A．To get

B．Get

C．Getting

D．Got 9．

If water becomes increasingly scarce in decades

________ ，water shortage will become a hot issue all over the world.

A．coming

B．having come C．to come

D．to be coming 10．The party was a success，but we thought it a pity not ________

you.

A．to invite B．to be inviting C．to have invited

D．to be invited 11．Hearing the 2009 World Winter University Games ________ open，all the people in the Harbin Sports Center Gym burst into cheers.

A．declare

B．declared

C．declaring

D．to be declared 12．As the light turned green，I stood for a moment, not ________ and asked myself what I was going to do.

A．moved

B．movingC．to move

D．being moved 13．An offer of a reward has caused many students in our school ________ actively in the competition.

A．participate

B．participated C．participating

D．to participate 14．The boy the teachers considered ________ was caught

________ in the exam, which surprised us very much.

A．to be the best; cheating

B．as the best student; to cheat

C．being the best; cheating D．as a good student; to cheat 15．Tourists all over the world come to visit the Summer Palace in Beijing, ________ the

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combination of nature and culture.

A．enjoyed

B．having enjoyed C．to have enjoyed

D．enjoying 16．—

Where is Tom？I have something important to tell him.

— I last saw him

________

in the library reading.

A．sit

B．seated

C．seating

D．sat 17．Something as simple as

________

vegetables in childhood may help to protect you against serious illness in later life.

A．to eat

B．eating

C．to be eating

D．eaten 18．Tom woke up late and left home without breakfast

___ another long and boring day at school.

A．having anticipated(预期)B．anticipatedC．being anticipated

D．anticipating 19．[2010·江苏卷] The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu, ________ the students to return to their classrooms.

A．enabling

B．having enabledC．to enable

D．to have enabled 20．[2010·江西卷] There were many talented actors out there just waiting

________.

A．to discover

B．to be discoveredC．discovered

D．being discovered 21．Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ________

from the library.

A．to borrow

B．to be borrowed C．borrowed

D．borrowing 22．[2010·上海卷] That is the only way we can imagine ________ the overuse of water in students' bathrooms.

A．reducing

B．to reduce

C．reduced

D．reduce 23．[2010陕西卷]__ from the top of the tower，the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.

A．Seen

B．Seeing C．Having seen

D．To see 24．[2010·辽宁卷] Alexander tried to get his work __________ in the medical circles.

A．to recognize

B．recognizing

C．recognize

D．recognized 25. [2010·四川卷] The lawyer listened with full attention, ________ to miss any point.

A．not trying

B．trying not C．to try not

D．not to try 26．[2010·四川卷]

In many people's opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant ________.

A．to deal with

B．dealing with

C．to be dealt with

D．dealt with 27．[2010·山东卷] I have a lot of readings

________

before the end of this term.

A．completing

B．to complete

C．completed

D．being completed 28．[2010·重庆卷] Many buildings in the city need repairing，but the one ________ first is the library.

A. repaired

B. being repaired C. repairing

D. to be repaired 29．Mr Wang made up his mind to devote all he could _ his oral English before going abroad.

A. improve

B. to improve C. improving

D. to improving 30．I’m busy now. I’m sorry I can’t help _____ the flowers.

A. watering

B. watered C. waters

D. to water

高考链接：

1.(2011全国卷I) 27. The next thing he saw was smoke ______ from behind the house.

A. rose

B. rising

C. to rise

D. risen 2.（2011全国卷II）15. The island, ______ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.

10

A. joining

B. to join

C. joined

D. having joined 3.（2011全国卷II）18．Sarah pretended to be cheerful, ______nothing about the argument.

A. says

B: said

C. to say

D. saying 4.（2011北京卷）25. It’s important for the figures _________ regularly.

A. to be updated

B. to have been updated

C. to update

D. to have updated 5.（2011北京卷）33. Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired,

________ on your feet.

A. to keep

B. keeping

C. having kept

D. to have kept 6.(2011上海卷) 27. It’s no use ____________ without taking action.

A. complain

B. complaining C. being complained D. to be complained

7.(2011上海卷) 32. The rare fish, _____ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.

A. saved

B. saving

C. to be saved

D. having saved 8.(2011上海卷) 33. At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changed my mind, ____ that

he could do nothing to help.

A. to realize

B. realized

C. realizing

D. being realized 9. (2011上海卷) 40. Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing… but we seem _____ the art of communicating face-to-face.

A. losing

B. to be losing

C. to be lost

D. having lost 10（2011山东卷）27. Look over there—there’s a very long, winding path______ up to the house.

A. leading

B. leads

C. led

D. to lead 11.（2011江西卷）32. On receiving a phone call from his wife _____ she had a fall, Mr Gordon immediately rushed home from office.

A. says

B. said

C. saying

D. to say 12.（2011江苏卷）31. Recently a survey _____ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.

A. compared

B. comparing

C. compares

D. being compared 13.（2011安徽卷）30. Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _____ into small pieces. A. break

B. breaking

C. broken

D. to break 14.（2011浙江卷）14. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ______ for words.

A. lose

B. lost

C. to lose

D. having lost 15.（2011浙江卷）19. If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city ______ by their enthusiastic supporters.

A. being cheered

B. be cheered C. to be cheered

D. were cheered 16.（2011福建卷）23. Tsinghua University, ____ in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures. A. found

B. founding

C. founded

D. to be founded 17.（2011福建卷）27.The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable ____.

A.held

B. holding

C.be held

D.to hold 18.（2011四川卷）2. Lydia doesn’t feel like_____ abroad.

Her parents are old.

11

A.

study

B.

studying

C.

studied

D. to study 19.（2011四川卷）11. Simon made a big bamboo box _______ the little sick bird till it could fly.

A. keep

B. kept

C. keeping

D. to keep 20.（2011四川卷）16. _________ an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.

A. Offer

B. Offering

C. Offered

D. To offer 21.（2011辽宁卷）30.

______ around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.

A. Gather

B. To gather

C. Gathering

D. To be gathering 22.（2011天津卷）7.Passengers are permitted _____ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane. A.to carry

B. carrying

C. to be carried

D. being carried 23.（2011天津卷）12.______ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. A. Translating

B. Translated

C. To translate

D. Having translated 24.（2011陕西卷）14.Claire had luggage _______ an hour before her plane left.

check

B. checking

C. to check

D. checked 25.（2011陕西卷）20.More highways have been built in China, ___________it much easier for people to travel form one place to another.

A. making

B. made

C. to make

D. having made 26.（2011重庆卷）29.More TV programs, according to government to officials, will be produced _______people’s concern over food safety.

A.to raise

B.raising C.to have raised

D. having raised 27.（2011重庆卷）33. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ________ of his own dreams. A. reminding

B. to remind C. reminded

D. renmind 28.(2011湖南卷)21 . The ability

_____an idea is as important as the idea itself.

A. expressing

B. expressed

C. to express

D. to be expressed 29.(2011湖南卷)23.The players____from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game . A. selecting

B. to select

C. selected

D. having selected 30.(2011湖南卷)29 .Do you wake up every morning __________ energetic and ready to start a new day? A. feel

B. to feel

C. feeling

D. felt BCDAB

BACBA

CBCBC

CDBDC

CABDA

ACCCC 2012 高考

1.（安徽高考，24）I remembered _____ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.

A. locking

B. to lock

C. having locked

D. to have locked 2.（安徽高考，30）When _____ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it

12

very interesting and rewarding.

A. asking

B. asked

C. having asked

D. to be asked 3.（全国高考I，28）The party will be held in the garden, weather _____.

A. permitting

B. to permit

C. permitted

D. permit 4.（全国高考I，32）Film has a much shorter history, especially when _____ such art forms as music and painting.

A. having compared to

B. comparing to

C. compare to

D. compared to 5.（重庆高考，23）_____ to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonder film.

A. Having been asked

D. To ask

C. Having asked

D. To be asked 6.（重庆高考，28）We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _____ at the meeting will influence the future of our company.

A. to be made

B. being made

C. made

D. having been made

7.（重庆高考，31）Before you quit your job, _____ how your family would feel about your decision.

A. consider

B. considering

C. to consider

D. considered 8.（湖南高考，21）We’ve had a good start, but next, more work needs _____ to achieve the final success.

A. being done

B. do

C. to be done

D. to do 9.（湖南高考，23）Time, _____ correctly, is money in the bank.

A. to use

B. used

C. using

D. use 10.（湖南高考，31）The lecture, _____ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.

A. starting

B. being started

C. to start

D. to be started 11.（福建高考，28）China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from _____ in the South China Sea.

A. attacking

B. having attacked

C. being attacked

D. having been attacked 12.（福建高考，34）Pressed from his parents, and _____ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.

A. realizing

B. realized

C. to realize

D. being realized 13.（北京高考，23）One learns a language by making mistakes and _____ them.

A. corrects

B. correct

C. to correct

D. correcting 14.（北京高考，27）_____ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.

A. Use

B. Using

C. Used

D. To use 15.（北京高考，32）Birds singing is sometimes warning to other birds _____ away.

A. to stay

B. staying

C. stayed

D. stay 16.（天津高考，11）He got up late and hurried to his office, _____ the breakfast untouched.

A. left

B. to leave

C. leaving

D. having left 17.（江西高考，33）Having finished her project, she was invited by the school _____ to the new students.

A. speaking

B. having spoken

C. to speak

D. to have spoken 18.（江西高考，35）John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter _____ him it.

A. offered

B. offering

C. to offer

D. to be offered 19.（陕西高考，15）_____ in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad.

13

A. Standing

B. To stand

C. Stood

D. Stand 20.（陕西高考，22）If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but _____ an even greater challenge.

A. meets

B. meeting

C. meet

D. to meet 21.（四川高考，6）Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _____ his plane high up in the sky.

A. finding

B. to find

C. being found

D. to have found 22.（四川高考，8）I looked up and noticed a snake _____ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.

A. to wind

B. wind

C. winding

D. wound 23.（四川高考，12）Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car _____.

A. washed

B. wash

C. washing

D. to wash 24.（辽宁高考，25）The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _____ them.

A. to follow

B. following

C. followed

D. follows 25.（辽宁高考，29）This machine is very easy _____. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.

A. operating

B. to be operating

C. operated

D. to operate 26.（山东高考，26）George returned after the war, only _____ that his wife had left him.

A. to be told

B. telling

C. being told

D. told

27.（山东高考，35）After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _____. A. providing

B. provided

C. having provided

D. provide 28.（江苏高考，31）_____ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.

A. Based

B. Basing

C. Base

D. To base 29.（上海高考，27）As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn't allowed _____

into the sports club. A. going

B. to go

C. go

D. gone 30.（上海高考，33）When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble

_ the right things to say.

A. thinking of

B. to think of

C. thought of

D. think of 31.（上海高考，36）The club, _

_ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members. A. founded

B. founding

C. being founded

D. to be founded 32.（上海高考，39）"Genius" is a complicated concept, _

_ many different factors. A. involved

B. involving

C. to involve

D. being involved 33.（浙江高考，3）No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it’s better _____ silent.

A. remain

B. be remaining

C. having remained

D. to remain 34.（浙江高考，8）I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should either study regularly or _____ his job.

A. quits

B. to quit

C. quitting

D. quit 35.（浙江高考，11）“It’s such a nice place,”

Mother said as she sat at the table__ for customers.

A. to be reserved

B. having reserved

C. reserving

D. reserved BBADA

AACBA

CADCA

CCBAD

BCABD

ABBBA

ABDDD

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