Grammar教学实录与评析

选修6 Module 4 Grammar 讲课教师：高园

课题：grammar

课型：新课

Learning Aims（学习目标）：

1. Grammar :present perfect progressive tense. 2. The students will be able to master present perfect progressive tense.

Important and Difficult Points (重点难点)：

1. Encourage the students to sum up grammatical rulers by themselves. 2. How to help the students to use present perfect progressive tense and make sense of differeces between present perfect progressive tense and present perfect tense. Teaching procedures（教学过程）：

Step1：revision 1. Ask the students to do some exercises to review some knowledge about grammar . (1) He_________( live) here since 1992. (2) The door_________(close) for two days. (3)

We

already _________ (return) the book. (4) He _____ (learn)to play the piano before he was 11 years old. (5) By the end of last week, they ____ (complete)the bridge. (6) He _________(not tell) you the news yet. 2. Make a conclusion 现在完成时：S. + have/ has + V-ed 过去完成时：S. + had + V-ed 3. Ask the students to read through the sentences in Activity 1 and then decide if they are true . call the answers back from the whole class . Step2：grammar

Present perfect progressive tense 1.构成：S. + have/has + been +V-ing

2.用法：

现在完成进行时表示动作从过去的某一时间开始一直持续到现在，动作是否延续下去视上下文而定。它常与表示一段时间的状语，如：all this time,this week,this month,all night,all the morning,these few days,for...,since...等连用。

表示一直到说话为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作。

注意：

（1）强调动作的持续性

The telephone has been ringing for almost a minute. 电话铃响了差不多一分钟。

I have been writing this book for two years, but I still have not finished it. 这本书我已经写了两年，但还没有完成。

（2）表重复，叙述从过去某时到现在总在重复的动作。

I’ve been seeing Mr. Smith a lot lately.

近来我常见到史密斯先生。

I have been knocking. I don’t think anybody’s in.

我一直在敲门，我想应该没人在里面。

3.Ask the students to do activity 3 on P46. Complete the conversation.Put the verbs into the present perfect progressive. Step3: comparison 1.现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别：

1）在不用时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在持续；现在完成时则表示动作在过去已结束。

We have been cleaning the classroom.

我们一直在打扫教室。（现在还在打扫）

We have cleaned the classroom.

我们已经把教室打扫过了。

They have been widening the road.

他们一直在加宽马路。（还未完工）

They have widened the road.

他们把马路拓宽了。(已完工) 2）现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复，现在完成时则常常不带重复性。

Have you been meeting her lately?

你最近跟她见面吗？（有时常见面之意）

Have you met her lately?

你最近跟她见过面吗？

3）在否定句中一般用现在完成时而不用现在完成进行时。

I have not spoken English for two years.

我两年不说英语了。

He has never seen a man like him.

他从未见过像他那样的人。

(4) 现在完成时强调动作的结果,而现在完成进行时则强调在不久以前开始的动作的持续进行. 具有修辞上的感情色彩.

a. We have done our work, We can go home.

b. ------What have you been doing with the horse? It is dying.

------I've been riding it. 2.Do some exercises. 【导练1】1. — _____ you ______ him around the museum yet?

— Yes. We had a great time there.

A. Have... shown

B. Do... show

C. Had... shown

D.Did... show 2. — I have got a headache.

—

No wonder. You ________ in front of that computer too long.

A. work B. are working C. have been working

D. worked 3. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where _yet.

A. hasn’t been decided

B. haven’t decided

C. isn’t being decided

D. aren’t decided

4. She___ on this essay for twenty minutes but she has written only about a hunderd words. A.Will be working

B.worked

C.has been working

D.will have worked 5. The unemployment rate in this district__ from 6% to 5% in the past two years.

A. has fallen

B. had fallen

C. is falling

D. was falling 【导练2】. Correct the following sentences. 1. All these years they are contributing articles to our magazine. 2. I have been drinking five cups of coffee this afternoon.

3. He have hardly met a European in the street. 4. It's a long time since you come to see me. 5. I'm glad to tell you that you passed the exam.

Step

4: Summary and homework

1.Summarize the studying aims 2.Do the exercises in workbook after class

说课稿

一．说教材

本模块主题为音乐，模块的词汇、语法规则的学习和运用以及听、说、读、写语言技能的训练活动都围绕模块主题而展开。在教学新课前，教师可要求学生了解和收集一些近年流行的歌曲、乐曲、音乐家等，并复习有关音乐的词汇（必修2第三模块主题与本模块相同）。通过本模块的学习，教师应帮助学生学会正确运用有关词汇和句型，学生应能够介绍某些自己喜欢的音乐人物和音乐，说明喜爱的理由，发表自己的观点和见解。

本课为本模块的Grammar部分。通过观察所给例句、回答问题，要求学生了解现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别，并且通过两个活动对现在完成进行时加以运用。

二．说教法

本单元的语法是讲述现在完成时与现在完成进行时。讲述这部分内容时，第一步：教师组织学生通过练习题复习现在完成时与过去完成时两种时态，以及现在完成时态的用法。第二步：阅读教材中现在完成进行时的讲解，弄清楚此时态的结构及用法，并通过学生个别活动，按教材要求完成Activity 3 加以巩固。第三步：帮助学生理清下列概念：（1）

两种时态的形式。现在完成时：S. + have/ has + V-ed，现在完成进行时：S. + have/has + been +V-ing。讲述他们的区别时，可采用相似的例句。如：①

We have been cleaning the classroom. ②

We have cleaned the classroom. 通过两个句子的意义不同得出：完成时更强调状态或类似于状态的某种工作的持续，而完成进行时则强调动作的持续进行。第四步：学生个别活动或两人活动完成练习题，交流答案，讨论有疑问处。

三．说学法

本单元词汇量大，要求掌握的重点词汇多。本课是一节语法课，要求学生学习并掌握一种新的时态：现在完成进行时，并弄清楚其与现在完成时的区别，对学生的学习能力有一定的要求。需要学生做好课前预习和复习，扫除学习障碍。

调动学生集中精力，专心投入，跟上课堂节奏；鼓励学生积极参与课堂，大胆发言。通过随堂练习及课后作业来巩固所学知识。