Grammar优质课教案内容

Teaching Design of the Subjunctive Mood [Teaching aims]

1. Let the students grasp the subjunctive mood and the rules of it.

2. Enable the students to finish the exercises correctly after leaning it.

[Emotional aims]

1.

Arouse the students’

interest in learning this grammar. 2.

Make them realize the importance of learning the subjunctive mood. [Teaching key points & important points]

1. Get the students to learn to use the subjunctive and its rules. 2. How to let the students finish all kinds of exercises correctly after it. [Teaching methods] Task-based teaching, individual and cooperative

learning and practice. [Teaching aids] A multiple-media computer

[Teaching procedures]

Step I Leading-in

Let the students appreciate several sentences about the subjunctive mood in

Chinese. Step II The definition and rules of the subjunctive mood.

语气是表示说话者对动词所表示的动作或状态的态度，是一种动词形式。英语中的语气有三种：

1 陈述语气（the Indicative Mood）用来陈述一个事实，或提出一个想法，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。

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He was famous for his theory. 2 祈使语气（the Imperative Mood）用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。

Don’t be worry. 3 虚拟语气（the Subjunctive Mood）

虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。下面分别介绍虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法。

一. 虚拟语气在条件从句中

1、在条件从句中

(叫虚拟条件句)，表示与事实相反的条件。分三种情况(以

do 为例)：

时间

If从句

主句

现在

were/did

wound/should/might/could do

将来

were/did

should do

wound/should/might/could do

were to do

过去

had done

wound/should/might/could have done

1、与现在事实相反从句用一般过去时主句用过去将来时。

2、与过去事实相反从句用过去完成时主句用过去将来完成时。

3、与将来事实相反从句用过去时或将来时主句用过去将来时。

eg.If I were you, I would go at once.

eg.If I had met him yesterday,I would have told him about it. eg.I don’t think that I shall fail. But if I should fail, I would try again. 1. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If

she ___, she would have met my brother.

2

A. has come

B. did come

C. came

D. had come 2.--If he__, he__ that food.

--Luckily, he was sent to the hospital

immediately.( NMET 93)

A. was warned, would not take

B. had been warned, would not have taken

C. would be warned, had not taken

D. would have been warned, had not

taken 3.If I _____ in the twenty-second century, I _____ my vacation in a very

different way.

A. should live; would spend

B. will live; should spend

C. are living;should have spent

D. will be living; would have spent 4. You didn’t let me drive . If we

____ in turn , you _____ so tired .

A. drove ; didn’t get

B. drove; wouldn’t get

C. were driving ; wouldn’t get

D. had driven ; wouldn’t have got

II: 二.省略

if 的条件从句

当从句中有

were, had 或

should 时，可省略if ，而把它们放在句首。

If I were to meet him tomorrow, I should ask him about it.

Were I to meet him tomorrow,…

If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again.

Should he fail in the experiment…

If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.

Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again..

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1. ___ she a man, she might be elected president.

A. If were

B. Were

C. Be

D. Is 2. __I had time, I would have gone over to see her.

A. Did

B. Were

C. Had

D. If 3. ---The taxi only took ten minutes to get to the hospital.

--- __ you were coming today, I’d have met you at the railway station.

A. Have I known

B. I have known

C. Had I known

D. I had known III.

介词

without 引导的短语代替

if 引导的条件从句.有时if引导的虚拟条件从句，可用介词without 引导的短语来代替

1. If there were

no water, fish could not live.

Without water, fish could not live. 2. If you had not helped

me, I would have failed. Without your help,

I would have failed. 3. If the Party didn’t lead

us, we could not realize .. Without the Party’s leadership, we could not realize ...

IV.错综时间的条件句

1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定. 1.If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.

如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在干的就会容易些。

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2.If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like thi

如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会干得这样好。

If the United States had built more homes for poor people in 1955, the housing problems now in some parts of this country______ so serious.

A. wouldn’t be

B. will not have been

C. wouldn’t have been

D. would have not been 二．

虚拟语气在宾语从句中

1、记住：这些动词后面接的宾语从句：表示坚持(insist) 命令(order, command)建议(suggest, advise, propose) ，要求(demand, request, require, desire), 等。

2、宾语从句中的动词用should + do 构成, should 可以省略。

3、

wish接宾语从句有三种情况：

1) 现在：用过去式

2) 过去：用过去完成式

(had done)

3) 将来：用情态动词(would / could) + do [例句] 1. 我希望她能站在我一边。

I wish she would be on my side.

2.我但愿自己能年轻三十岁。I wish I were 30 years younger. 3.我希望你能找到一个好职业。I wish (that) you would get a good job. 4.他想要是他没这样做该多好。He wished he hadn't done it. 5.他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服。

He ordered that the students(should) wash the clothes every week by themselves.

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记住：suggest/insist 各有两种意思,要用不同的语气

（1）

当

suggest 当“建议”讲时，其后的宾语从句（should）

+ do 这种形式，否则用正常的动词形式, 这时suggest 的意思是“暗示”；

1）The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.

2)The look on his face suggested that he was happy. （2）insist: 译作“坚持要求”，从句用虚拟should +V；当“坚持认为，坚持说”则不虚拟，该用什么时态用什么时态。

•

He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means. •

He insisted that he was right 4. 在would rather(宁愿) 引导的宾语从句中

would rather that

现在：过去时

过去：过去完成

未来过去时

I would rather you paid me now. I would rather you had gone, too. Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow.

在句型

“It is important (necessary, strange, natural,surprising ) that ....

”

中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用：

should + 动词原形,表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。

1.

It’s necessary that we should have a walk now.

我们有必要出去散散步。

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2.

It’s natural that she should do so.

她这样做是很自然的。

3.

It’s important that we should take good care of the patient.

重要的是我们要照顾好病人。

注意：有些过去分词可以当形容词使用，在主语从句中要用虚拟语气，It

is advised/commanded/demanded/ordered/ required/ suggested that we/you/ he/she (should) +动词原形

It was required that each student should bring enough food on the trip. 1. It is strange that she ____ marry such an ugly man.

A. would

B. should

C. will

D. shall 2. It’s a great pity that you ____so. A.

think

B. thought

C. will think

D. is thought 三．虚拟语气在表语从句中

主句的主语常是表示说话人愿望(wish / desire)、建议(suggestion / advice) 要求(requirement / demand)、命令(order, command)等的名词，表语从句的谓语动词用

(should) + do. Our suggestion is that you (should) be there on time. 四．虚拟语气在同位语从句中

同位语从句的先行词常是表示说话人愿望、建议、要求、命令等的名词。

•

The suggestion that students (should) learn something practical is worth considering. •

Do you know the order that you (should) be on time.

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五．虚拟语气在

as if 从句中

在as if 从句中，常用虚拟形式，即表示与现在事实相反，用过去式；与过去事实相反用过去完成式

(had done). 1、as if 连接表语从句

She looked as if she were made of ice.

He looked as if he hadn’t slept for two days. 2、as if 连接让步状语从

句

She looked after the boy as if he were her own son.

He speaks to us as if he had been there.

六．虚拟语气的几个特例

1. if only 意为：若是...那该多好啊; 真希望...; 只要, 只要...就好

表示现在的情况,应用过去式; 如果是过去的情况,应用过去完成时态

If only I had arrived in time! If only she didn’t drive so fast. 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。

要是我没错过火车就好了！

If only our parents could live with us! If only I hadn’t missed the train!

2. It’s (high) time that…

that 从句要用虚拟语气：谓语用过去时或should + do

It’s time that you left here. 你该走了。It’s high time that you went.

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It’s high time that you should go.

3. 一些短语, 如:but for(要不是), without, otherwise(否则), in that case(如果是那样的话), 表示含蓄的条件,这时主句要用虚拟语气

Without/But for your help, we would not make such rapid progress. Without electricity, human life ____ quite different.

A. is

B. will be

C. would have been

D. would be 4. 有时虚拟语气是通过上下文的语义表示出来的：

He would have given you more help, but he was very busy. (If he had not been so busy…)

He was seriously ill, otherwise he would have come to our meeting. (otherwise = If he had not been seriously ill)

七．高考题

1. Alan ___ the party if he had gone to London.

A. would have missed

B. had missed

C. would miss

D. missed 2. If I had known you were coming, I ___ you at the airport.

A. had met

B. met

C. would meet

D. would have met 3. If only I ___ to my parents! (But I didn’t.)

A. listened

B. had listened

C. should listen

D. would listen 4. Tom suggested that Ann ___ the house.

A. sell

B. sold

C. shall sell

D. would sell 5. I wish this bus ___ to the university.

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A. go

B. went

C. has gone

D. had gone 6. Simon looks as though he never ___ a square meal(吃得饱), though his

parents feed him very well.

A. get

B. getting

C. got

D. should get 7. He is talking so much about America as if he ___ there.

A. had been

B. were

C. was

D. been 8. I ___ you some money, but I hadn’t got any then.

A. would lend

B. would have lent

C. could lend

D. may have lent 9. –

Have you ever been to Beijing?

-- No, but I wish I ___.

A. have

B. will

C. do

D. had 10. I don’t think it is high

time that you __.

A. will go

B. went

C. go

D. must go VII: Homework 1.

Get more information of the subjuctive mood 2.

Prepare for the next class.

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