Grammar and usage(1): Overview: infinitive, verb-ing and verb-ed(II)第二课时 公开课

模块6语法：非谓语动词

非谓语 动词

一般式

动词不定 to do 式

- ing 分词

doing

完成式

to have done

having done

一般式

to be done

being done

完成式

to have been done

having been done

过去分词

done

分析非谓语所做成分：

1.主语

2. 宾语

3. 表语

4.定语

5. 状语

6. 补足语

1. Laughing helps your body stay healthy. 2. Being exposed to too much sunlight will add to the potential of catching skin cancer.

3. He acted in a film called The Sunshine Boys, winning an Academy Award . 4. We invite you to watch our performance tomorrow morning. 5.Some people went to see her in the hospital to cheer her up. 6.Inspired by her story, the student decided to work harder at his lessons. 7.Travelling around the city, the man felt uncomfortable because of the noise. 8. I’d rather read than watch the television ; the programs seem to be getting worse all the time .

9. She can’t help to clean/clean the house because she’s busy making a cake.

10.I heard the girl singing in the classroom. 11.It’s hoped that the 16th Asian Games to be held in

Guangzhou will be a

great

success. 12.He is said to have been abroad many times. 13.He pretended to be reading when the parents came into his

bedroom. 14.I hurried to the station only to be told that the train had left

five minutes before. 15.At the beginning of class, the noise of desks being opened

and closed could be heard outside the classroom. 16.Throwing their hats into the air, the fans of the winning

team let out loud shouts of victory. 17.Having failed to reach them on the phone, we sent an email.

18.Walking in the street, I saw him 19.To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear

English

spoken as much as we can. 20.Helen had to shout to make herself heard above the sound of the

music.

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七原则：

原则一：用作目的状语，原则上用不定式.

1. When asked why he went there，

he said he was sent there _____ for a

space flight.

A. training

B. being trained

C. to have trained

D. to be trained 2. _____ this cake，

you’ll need 2 eggs，

175 g sugar and 175 g flour.

A. Having made

B. Make

C. To make

D. Making 原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上用-ing 3.As the light turned green，

I stood for a moment，

not _____，

and asked myself what I was going to do.

A. moved

B.

moving

C. to move

D.

Being moved 4. He sat _____ to her ______ the stairs.

A. to listen;

to climb

B. listening;

to climb

C. listening;

climb

D. listening;

to climbing 原则三：用作结果状语，可用-ing/ to do ,原则区别是：

-ing 表示一定逻辑的结果，to do 表示非逻辑的结果。

5. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones

at the entrance，_____ in the natural light during the day.

A. to let

B. letting

C. let

D. having let 6. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the

year，_____

a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4.

A. have reached

B. reaching

C. to reach

D. to be reaching 7.He hurried to the station, only ______ that the train

had left.

A. to find

B. finding

C. found

D. to have found 8. He hurried to the booking office only _____ that all

the tickets had

been sold out.

A. to tell

B. to be told

C. telling

D. told 原则四：凡是有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。

如果动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动形式；

如果动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动形式。

9.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I

had to struggle _____. （2007浙江卷）

A. to be heard

B. to have heard

C. hearing

D. being heard 10. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ______

could be heard outside the classroom.

A. opened and closed

B. to be opened and closed

C. being opened and closed

D. to open and close 11. When she came in, she was surprised to find a stranger ___

at the back of the classroom with his eyes__ upon her.

A. seating; fixing

B. to seat; fixing

C. having seated; fixed

D. seated; fixed 原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，原则上其逻辑主语应与主句主语保持一致。

12. Faced with a bill for $10,000，_____.

A. John has taken an extra job

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B. the boss has given John an extra job

C. an extra job has been taken

D. an extra job has been given to John 13. While watching television，_____.

A. the door bell rang

B. the doorbell rings

C. we heard the doorbell ring

D. we heard the doorbell rings 原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，原则上

要用完成式（-ing 的完成式或不定式的完成式）

14._____ from other continents for millions of years，

Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other countries in the world.

A. Being separated

B. Having separated

C. Having been separated

D. to be separated

15. The manager，_____ it clear to us that he didn’t agree

with us，

left the meeting room.

A. who has made

B. having made

C. made

D. making 原则七：用于名词后作定语，原则是：不定式表示动作尚未发生；

-ing表示动作正在进行：过去分词表示动作完成，被动。

17.There will be more than three hundred scientists

attending the meeting _____ the day after tomorrow.

A. hold

B. holding

C. held

D. to be held 18. There are hundreds of visitors _____ in front of

the Art Gallery to

have a look at Van Gogh’s paintings.

A. waited

B. to wait

C. waiting

D. Wait

二、

四步骤

（一）分析句子结构,辨别“谓语与非谓语”

1.______many times , but he still couldn't understand it . 2. ______many times , he still couldn't understand it . A. Having been told

B. Being told

C. He had been told

D. Though he was told 3.It ___ a hot day,

we’d better go swimming. 4. ____

a

rainy

day ;

we decided not to

go there. A. is

B. to be

C. being D.

It being

E. It was

F. been

一般来说，作状语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语；

作宾补的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是宾语；

作定语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是被修饰词。

1.Walking along the street one day, she saw a little girl _________ up to her. (run) 2.She is reading a book________ on the desk. (find) 3.Most of the artists ______ to the party were from South Africa. (invite) 4. __________ of the truth of the reports, he told his colleagues about it. (convince) 5._______

everything into consideration, they ought to have another chance. (take) 6.Everything ______

into consideration, they ought to have another chance. (take)

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（三）分析语态

在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。

1.

“You can’t catch me !”

Jane shouted, _____ away

A. run

B. running

C.to run

D. ran

2. Mrs. White showed her students some old maps____ from the library. A to borrow

B to be borrowed C borrowed

D borrowing （四）分析时态

1. The building ____now will be a

restaurant . 2. The building ___ next year will be a restaurant

3. The building _____last year is a restaurant. A.

having been built

B. to be built

C.being built

D. built

EX1：

1. With a lot of difficult problems _____, the newly- elected president is having a hard time. (settle)

With a lot of difficult problems __________, the newly-elected president is very pleased. (settle)

2. Robert is said _______________abroad，but I don’t know what country he studied in.

Robert is said _______________abroad，but I don’t know what country he is studying in.

Robert is said _______________abroad，but I don’t know what country he will study in. (study)

3. Can those ___________ at the back of the classroom hear me? (seat)

Can those __________ at the back of the classroom hear me?(sit) 4. The computer center, _______ last year, is very popular among the students in the school. (build)

The computer center, ______now , will be very popular among the students in the school. (build) The computer center, _____________ next year, will be very popular among the students in the school. (build) 5. a) _________ more attention, the trees could have grown better.(give)

. b)_________ all his time to teaching, Mr. Li almost forgets his wife .

Ex 2：

1. I hurried to the station only __________ (tell) that the train had left five minutes before. 2. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _________________________ (repair).

3. - Robert is indeed a wise man.

- Oh, yes. How often I have regretted ____________ (not take) his advice!

4. ______________ (fail) to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead. 5._______________ (not, realize) that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest. 6. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English

__________ (speak) as much as we can. 全国卷一

01. The party will be held in the garden, weather __________.

A. permitting

B

to permit

C

permitted

D

permit

02. Film has a much shorter history, especially when ________such art forms as music and painting.

A. Having compared to

B

comparing to

C

compare to

D

compared to

全国卷二

03.Tony lent me the money , ___that I'd do

as much for him.

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A. hoping

B

to hope

C

hoped

D

having hoped

04. The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy ______ anything that happened to be on.

A to watch

B

watching C

watched

D

to have watched 北京卷

05. One learns a language by making mistakes and _________ them.

A. Corrects

B

correct

C

to correct

D

correcting

06.________ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.

A. Use

B. Using

C. Used

D. To use

07.---- Birds' singing is sometimes a warning to other birds _______away.

A

to stay

B

staying

C

stayed

D

stay

08. George returned after the war, only ____ that his wife had left

him.

A to be told

B

telling

C

being told

D

told

09.After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in

the envelope ______.

A

providing

B

provided

C

having provided

D

provide

江苏卷

10. ______ an important decision more on emotion than on reason,

you will regret it sooner or later.

A. Based

B. Basing

C. Base

D. To base

Freud was one of the first scientists [1]_________（make）serious research of the mind. The mind is the collection of activities [2]_________（base）

in the brain that involve how we act, think, feel and reason.

He used long talks with patients and the study of dreams [3]___________（search）

for the causes of mental and emotional problems. He also tried hypnosis(催眠). He wanted to see if [4]________（put）patients into a sleep-like condition would help ease [5]_______（trouble）

minds. In most cases he found the effects only temporary.

Freud worked hard, although what he did might sound easy. His method involved [6]________ (sit) with his patients and [7]________（listen）to them talk. He had them [8]_______（talk）about whatever they were thinking. All ideas, thoughts and anything that entered their mind had to [9]______________（express）. There could be no[10]________（hold）back because of fear or guilt.

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