Grammar and usage(2): Overview: infinitive, verb-ing and verb-ed(I)优质课教案整理

桑植四中高二年级英语导学案 使用时间：2016年 12 月 14 日. 主备人：向亚群 研备人：

周绍涯

向贵君

佘小娟

罗永红

王美玲 审核人：

模块六

第三单元Grammar

虚拟语气if的运用（I）

【学习目标】

1.理解并能运用非真实条件句中的虚拟语气。

2.非真实（虚拟）条件句的倒装。

观察下列三组句子并体会其语义。

1. If I were you, I would put her suggestion into account.我要是你,我会考虑她的建议的。(事实是我并不是你) 2. If I hadn’t been caught

by something, I would have come to your party yesterday.我昨天要不是被一些事缠住了,我就会去参加你们的聚会了。 (事实是我昨天被一些事缠住了) 3. Even if they were to fail, they wouldn’t lose courage. 即使他们失败,他们也不会泄气。(说话人不希望假设的情况发生)

通过观察,我们可以得出这三个句子都是虚拟语气,用来表示主观愿望和假设的虚拟语气。第1个例句是表示和

事实相反;第2个例句是表示和

事实相反;第3个例句是表示和______事实相反。

根据以上例句,可总结如下: 一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气

虚拟情况

从句时态

主句时态

1.与现在事实相反

(4)

would(

或 should, could, might) +动词原形

2.与过去事实相反

(5)

would (或should, could, might) + have +过去分词

3.与将来事实相反

(6)

would(

或 should, could, might) +动词原形

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共 2 页

1－1(2013·江苏高考)I should not have laughed if I ______ you were serious.

A．thought

B．would think

C．had thought D．have thought

1－2(2013·重庆高考)—It rained cats and dogs this morning.I'm glad we took an umbrella.

—Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we ________.

A．hadn't

B．haven't

C．didn't

D．don't

1－3(2009·天津高考)This printer is of good quality. If it________break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. A．would

B．should C．could

D．Might

【小结】

虚拟语气不太顾及事实的存在,它表现出说话人的主观因素比较多。所以说话人所讲的内容往往是与事实相反的;或是其实现的可能性微乎其微,甚至于没有实现的可能性。当然,有时为了使说话的语气客气、缓和、委婉,也使用虚拟语气。例如:I wish you were more careful.但愿你更细心一些。

二、

省略if的虚拟条件句的用法

在正式文体中,有时可以把虚拟条件句中的连词if 省略,而将were, had, should等助动词(不包括行为动词)提到主语前面,形成主谓倒装。如果句中没有were, had 或should时, 既不能省略if,也不能倒装。

Were I to meet him tomorrow (=If I were to meet him tomorrow), I should ask him about it. 要是我明天见到他,我就会问他这事的。

Had I had the money last year (= If I had had the money last year ),I would have bought the house. 如果我去年有了这笔钱,我就买那栋房子了。

Should there be any trouble with the boiler, the automatic control device would cut off the fuel oil supply. 假如锅炉出问题的话,自动装置会自动切断燃油的供应。

[点津] 若省略的条件句中谓语动词是否定形式，否定词 not 不提前。

Had I not seen it with my own eyes, I would not have believed it. 这事要不是我亲眼看见，我是不会相信的。 (2010·浙江高考)Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy ________．

A．would have been save B.had been saved C．will be saved D．was saved 第 2页

共2页

三、If it weren't for .../If it hadn't been for ...相当于 but for...，意为“多亏了……”“要不是……”。 If it hadn't been for his help, I wouldn't have succeeded. ＝ But for his help, I wouldn't have succeeded. 要不是他的帮助，我就不会成功了。 (1)John went to the hospital alone. If he

me about it, I would have gone with him. A.should tell B.tells C.told D.had told (2)If we

the other road, we might have arrived in time for the meeting. A.take B.had taken C.took D.have taken (3)—The weather has been very hot and dry. —Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables

.

A.wouldn’t die B.didn’t die C.hadn’t died D.wouldn’t have died （4）But for the storm, we ________ a pleasant journey, but had to turn back halfway. A．would have B．would have had C．will have D．had

【课堂小结】

品句填空

1.If he

(follow) my advice, he wouldn’t have lost his job.

2.

I

(go) to the moon one day, I would see it with my own 第 3 页

共 4 页

eyes.

3.Had I known about this computer program,

a huge amount of time and energy______________________ (save).

4.I

(reach) the book if I

(be) a bit taller.

5.If they

(be) here, they

(take) your advice.

6.If someone

(set) me free now, I

(make) him rich.

7.If the policeman

(be not) in that room, it

(be) very dangerous.

8.If he

(drive) more carefully, he

(have)the car accident yesterday.

9.If I

(meet)

you yesterday,

we

(go)

to the concert together.

10.If he

(come) tomorrow, I

(speak) to him about it.

Ⅱ.翻译句子

1.如果你听了医生的话,你早就恢复健康了。

2.如果没有虚拟语气,英语就容易多了。

3.如果她更加努力的话,她就成功了。

4.万一他不来,你就代替他。

5. 如果我是你,我就不回这个电话。

6.如果我的女儿不忙的话, 她就会来帮助你。

我的疑惑

第 4页

共4页