Grammar公开课教案（教学设计）

Module 6 War and Peace Section Ⅲ

Grammar-虚拟语气（2）

①I wish I knew the answer to the question at the moment. ②We wish wehad studied harder when at school. ③I wish I could fly to the moon one day. ④I'd rather you paid the money yourself. ⑤I'd rathershe hadn't done that then. ⑥The workers demanded that their wages (should) be increased. ⑦The boss orderedthe stuff that they (should) finish the task before this Friday. ⑧He gave the advice that we (should) do the work carefully. ⑨My suggestion is that we (should) thinkit over before accepting it. ⑩It is important that students (should) attend all the lectures. [我的发现] (1)由①②③句可知，wish后接宾语从句，从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气。用一般过去时表示与现在相反的情况，用过去完成时表示与过去相反的情况，用“would/could/might＋动词原形”表示与将来相反的情况。

(2)④⑤句中，would rather后接宾语从句，从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气。用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望，用过去完成时表示过去的愿望。

(3)⑥～⑩句的名词性从句中，从句均采用虚拟语气，且从句的谓语动词为should＋动词原形，should可以省略。

一、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用

1．动词wish后的宾语从句

在wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在的事实相反用一般过去时；表示与过去的事实相反用过去完成时；表示与将来事实相反用could/would/might＋动词原形。

I wish I were ten years younger. 我希望能年轻10岁。(对现在的虚拟) I wish you had come to the lecture. 但愿你当时来听报告了。(对过去的虚拟) I wish all my classmates would come to the get­together next month. 我希望下个月所有的同学都来参加聚会。(对将来的虚拟) [即时演练1]

用所给词的适当形式填空

①I wish he were (be) with us at this special moment. ②How I wish I had_followed (follow) my parents' advice. ③She wishes she would_be_admitted (admit) to a famous university this year. ④I wish I had_met (meet) that film star yesterday. 2．表示坚持、命令、建议、要求等词后的宾语从句中的谓语动词通常使用虚拟语气，即should＋动词原形，should可以省略。

He demanded that he (should) be told everything. 他要求将一切告诉他。

[名师点津]

当insist表示“坚持认为；坚持说”；suggest表示“暗示，表明”时后面的宾语

从句不用虚拟语气。

The girl's pale face suggested that she was ill and I suggested that she go to see the doctor at once. 这个女孩苍白的脸色表明她病了，我建议她马上去看医生。

[即时演练2] (1)完成句子

①He suggested_that we (should) start off early the next day. 他建议我们第二天要早出发。

②He requested that the meeting (should)_be_put_off to Saturday. 他要求把会议推迟到星期六。

③The man insisted that he had_not_stolen_the_money. 这个人坚持说他绝对没有偷钱。

(2)单句改错

The smile on his face suggested that he be satisfied with our work.be→was 3．would rather后的宾语从句，谓语用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望，用过去完成时表示过去的愿望。

I'd rather that you came tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天来。

I'd rather that you had come yesterday. 你昨天来了该有多好。

[即时演练3] (1)完成句子

①We'd rather you_didn't_drive after drinking. 我们希望你不要酒后开车。

②I'd rather you hadn't_told_him_the_news that day. 我真希望你那天没有把那消息告诉他。

(2)翻译句子

①我宁愿你刚才就走了。

I_would_rather_you_had_gone_just_now. ②我希望我们现在休息一下。

I_would_rather_we_had_a_rest_now. 二、虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用

1．It is strange/necessary/natural/important/impossible/surprising/funny/right/wrong/better ... that ...从句中用“should＋v.”，

should可以省略。

It is necessary that weshould focus ondeveloping the children's creative ability. 我们有必要着重培养孩子们的创造能力。

2．It is suggested/proposed/ordered/commanded/requested/required/demanded＋that ...从句中用“should＋v.”，

should可以省略。

It is advised that everyone should have a map. 有人建议每个人都应有张地图。

[即时演练4]

完成句子

①It_is_strange_that such things (should) happen in our school. 真奇怪这样的事情竟然在我们学校发生了。

②It is suggested that you (should)_attend_the_opening_ceremony.

有人建议你出席开幕式。

三、虚拟语气在定语从句中的应用

It's (high/about) time (that) ...句型中，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时或should＋动词原形(其中should通常不可省略)，句意为“确实到了……的时候了”。

It is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.

确实到了我们采取措施解决问题的时候了。

[即时演练5]

判断句子正误(T or F) ①It is time that you reflected upon your mistakes.__T__ ②It is high time that we should put an end to this controversy.__T__ ③It is high time that we take effective measures to stop fake diplomas from spreading.__F__ 四、虚拟语气在表语从句/同位语从句中的应用

表示要求、命令、建议、意图、决定、推荐等意义的名词，如suggestion，proposal，advice，order，request等后面的表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语动词用(should＋)动词原形。

My request is that you (should) make an apology to your teacher. 我的要求是你向你的老师道歉。

English teachers give advice that we should make good use ofevery chance to speak English. 英语老师们建议我们充分利用每个机会说英语。

[即时演练6]

用所给词的适当形式填空

①My suggestion is that we (should)_go (go) to Yunnan for sightseeing. ②The professor gave orders that the test (should)_be_finished (finish) before 5 o'clock. ③My advice is that you (should)_quit (quit) smoking. 五、虚拟语气在as if/though引导的从句中的应用

在as if引导的方式状语和表语从句中，如果从句的动作指现在的情况，则用一般过去时；如果表示过去的动作，则用过去完成时；如果表示将来的动作，则用could/would/might＋动词原形。

He looks as if he were an artist. 他看起来真像个艺术家。

He spoke English as though he had studied it in England before. 他英语说得宛如他以前在英国学过一样。

[即时演练7]

完成句子

①People treat him as if he_were_a_dangerous_person. 人们把他看作是一个危险人物。

②He talked as if/though he_had_known_it. 他谈起来好像已知道此事。

③She opened her mouth as if/though she_would_say_something. 她张开嘴好像要说什么。

六、虚拟语气在if only引导的感叹句中的应用

if only引导的感叹句，谓语动词要采用虚拟语气，其谓语构成与wish后的宾语从句中的谓语相同。

He failed in the exam again. If only he had worked harder. 他考试又失败了。要是他更努力些就好了。

If only the bankswould lend money without limit! 但愿银行能无限制地贷款！

[即时演练8]

翻译句子

①要是我是一只会飞的鸟儿就好了。

If_only_I_were_a_flying_bird. ②要是我的朋友现在和我在一起就好了。

If_only_my_friend_were_here_with_me_now.

Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空

1．The doctor ordered that the patient (should)be_sent (send) to hospital without delay. 2．How I wish it weren't_raining (not rain) now. 3．It is high time that we stopped/should_stop (stop) cutting down the trees. 4．Our teacher has loved us as if we were (be) her children. 5．Her look suggested that she was (be) angry. 6．It's strange that no one (should)_like (like) this book. 7．His suggestion that you (should)_try (try) a second time sounds reasonable. 8．It is required that all members (should)_be (be) present at the opening ceremony. 9．If only I had_seen (see) the film! 10．I would rather you didn't (not do) go now. Ⅱ.完成句子

1．I would rather you_went_home now. 我宁愿让你现在就回家。

2．I suggest that we (should)_hold_a_meeting tonight. 我建议我们今晚开个会。

3．If only I had_taken_his_advice last week. 如果上星期我听从他的建议就好了。

4．It is high time that we_went_to_school. 我们该去上学了。

5．It is important and necessary that we should_master_a_foreign_language. 掌握一门外语对我们来说是重要的和必要的。

Ⅲ.短文改错

My neighbor Li Hai is going to graduate college soon but he hasn't found the job yet. He was once advising to learn computer skills, so he thought it was difficult. When he saw others learning English, he shook his head, says it was too hard to remember the new word. He enjoyed watching TV, playing cards, smoking and so on. He felt it was hard for him to give up all this habits. Not long ago, he went to look for a job. When he knew that talents were great needed, he sighed and regretted the time that what he had wasted. How he wished he has worked hard in college! 答案：第一句：graduate后加from; the→a 第二句：advising→advised; so→but 第三句：says→saying; word→words 第五句：this→these 第七句：great→greatly; 去掉what 第八句：has→had