Grammar and usage(2): Overview: infinitive, verb-ing and verb-ed(I)名师教学实录

M6U1非谓语动词复习

(主语、定语、宾补) 一. 不定式和动名词作主语

（1）. 不定式作主语时，可以用it作形式主语

1. It is important ______ Tom to get that job. 2. It is kind ______ you to help me with my English. 总结:

It is +adj.+for/of sb to do sth的结构中,若此形容词是说明的是不定式的性质时, 则用_____; 若说明的是人(sb.)的特性, 则用_____.

练习：

1. It is nice___ you to help me with my English. 译：

2. It is necessary ________you to improve your spoken English.

译：

（2）. 动名词作主语还有以下四个习惯表达法

1. It is no use (good) + doing(动名词) 做某事没用(不好)

2. It is not any use(good) + doing(动名词)

3. It is useless+ doing(动名词)

4. It is worth+ doing(动名词)做某事是值得的

练习：

1.It’s no use

（cry）over spilt milk.

2. It’s no good

（spit）

in public.

3. It’s worth

（

check）the details细节

of the contract合同

before you sign签订

it.

（3）.动名词和不定式作主语的区别

1.

（take）good care of the children is my job.

译：

2.

（take）good care of these children is my job this afternoon.

译：

总结: 不定式和动名词作主语的区别

①. to do作主语时常表示某一次具体的动作,具有偶然性; ②. doing(动名词)表示习惯性的动作, 往往表抽象概念。

练习：

1.

(play) with fire in the room will be dangerous.

在房间里玩火是危险的。

2.

(play) with fire is dangerous.

玩火是危险的。

二. 不定式、过去分词和现在分词（动名词）作定语

（1）. 不定式作定语(表示动作将要发生)

例一：1. She has no pencil

.她没笔写字了。

2. She said she had a important meeting

.她说她要出席(attend)一个重要会议. 总结一：若作定语的动词不定式是

, 后必须要有

。

练习一：

1. He found a good house

.他找到了适宜居住的房子。

2. She is a very nice person

. 她是一个很好共事的人。

3. This is an important issue

. 这是一个要谈论的重要话题。

例二：1. I’m thirsty. Would you please give me something

（drink）?

2. He is always the first

(answer) questions. 3. Who was the only one

(stand) up for us? 总结二：不定式常作

、

、

以及

的后置定语

练习二：

1. I am the first one

(tell) her this news.

2. This is the second book

(write)by him this year.

3. You are the second teacher

(ask) me the question today.

4. The first mammal

(clone) successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep.

例三：

1. As a comedian, I have the courage

(make) fun of myself.

2. We have found a way

(solve) the problem.

1

总结三：下列名词后经常接动词不定式作定语：

. 练习三：

1. I want to go abroad for a further study，but I never have a chance ______ (go) there.

2. The students are looking forward to having an opportunity

(explore) society for a real-life experience. 例四：

1. I am the first one

(tell) her this news.

2. You are the second teacher

(ask) me the question today.

3. This is the second book

(write)by him this year.

4. The first mammal

(clone) successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep.

总结四：不定式作定语时:

1.

表示事情由主语自己做

2.

表示事情被做

练习四：

1. We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision

(make) at the meeting will influence the future of our campany. 2. Who was the only one

(stand) up for us?

(2). 现在分词与过去分词作定语

例一：

1.Do you know the girl

(sit) under the tree?

译：

2. Most of the people

(invite) to the party were famous scientists.

译：

总结一：

1. doing作定语，表示动作

，在逻辑上与中心词是

关系；

2. done作定语，表示动作

，在逻辑上与中心词是

关系。

练习一：

1. Do you know the man

(speak) at the meeting?

2. Do you know the man

(praise) at the meeting?

3. A television programme

(call) Kim Will Fix It invites viewers to say what they really want to do.

4.The tower

(stand) at the top of the mountain dates back to追溯到

the Ming dynasty.

例二：

1. The building

(put) up last year is our new company.

译：

2. The building

(put) up now will be our new company.

译：

3. The building

(put) up next year will be our new company.

译：

总结二：

1. done作定语，表示动作

，在逻辑上与中心词是

关系；

2. being done作定语，表示动作

，在逻辑上与中心词是

关系; 3. to be done作定语，表示动作

，在逻辑上与中心词是

关系。

练习二：

1. A search team

(arm) with the new machine went into the cave洞穴.

2. The new engine

(experiment) on right now will be used in the new type of airplane soon. 2

3. The comedian

(invite) to perform next week is well known.

三. 不定式、过去分词和现在分词作宾补

(1). 固定搭配

例一：（to do）

1. The doctor told her

(exercise) more, and advised her

(eat) too much sugar.

固定搭配：

2. I wish you

(watch) the performance with me. 固定搭配：

总结一：英语中有些动词接不定式作宾补，常见的这类动词有：

,变否定在不定式前加

。

练习一：

1. I begged her

(tell) anyone else, and she said she would keep my secret. 2.And I can not help wondering if he wants Peter

(be) his best friend instead of me.

例二：（省

to 的不定式）

1. The boss made them

(work) the whole night.

2. I see a lot of old people

(do) exercise in the park in the morning. 3. They were made

(work) the whole night by the boss. 4. A lot of people are seen

(do) exercise in the park in the morning. 总结二：

1. 使役动词make，have，let后接

作宾补，但make变成被动语态的时候要补

。

即，

make sb do sth →sb be made

sth

2. 感官动词：feel(感觉)，hear(听), listen to(听)，

see(看), watch(看), notice(注意),observe(观察)后接

作宾补，表示

，但变成被动语态的时候要补

。

例：

see sb do sth→sb be seen

sth 练习二：

1. He had me

(wait) outside for a long time that day.

2. I am often made

(read) English aloud in the morning.

3. Did you notice him

(slip溜)into the room?

4. Mr White was seen

(enter) the building on that night when my house was robbed(抢劫).

5. Though I can't make the model ship ______(sail) faster, the model plane can be made ______(fly) higher by any of the boys here.

6. 译：我的老师经常要我早上大声朗读英语。

(2). 宾语与宾补存在主动或者被动关系

例：

1. I heard the girl

(sing) in the classroom.

分析：

2. He heard his name

(call). 分析：

3. We have the fire

(burn) all day.

分析：

4. Many young people have their hair

(dye染).

分析：

总结：

1. have/make/let/get/see/hear/find/leave(等) sth.+

/

作宾补；

2.doing作宾补，在逻辑上与宾语是

关系; done作宾补，在逻辑上与宾语是

关系。

3

练习：

1. The baby watched his dad

(shave) his face with great interest.

2. Don’t leave the tap water

(run) all the time.

3. Will you please get my car

(repair) this afternoon?

4. I looked up and noticed a snake

(wind蜿蜒) its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.

5. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself

(remind提醒) of his own dreams. (3). 介词with/without+宾语+宾补

例：

1. They went home, with everything

(buy).

2. With the wind

(blow刮) hard, we decided not to go out.

3. Without anyone

(notice), she slipped through the window. 4.The conference会议

hurriedly finished without a single agreement协议

（reach）.

总结：

1. doing作宾补，在逻辑上与with/without后接的宾语是

关系; 2. done作宾补，在逻辑上与with/without后接的宾语是

关系。

练习：

1. With his homework

(finish), he started to watch TV.

2.With unemployment失业率

(rise), financial aid administrators财政帮助管理者

expect to hear from more families like the Jacobs.

3.

The meeting came to an end without any problem

(solve).

四. 总结：非谓语动词作主语、定语、宾补

M6U1非谓语动词复习

练习题

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

1.

(understand) your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.

2. We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision

(make) at the meeting will influence the future of our company.

3. The players

(select) from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.

4. No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it’s better

(remain) silent.

5. The trees

(blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road.

6. To return to the problem of water pollution, I’d like you to look at a study

(conduct) in Australia in 2012.

7.

（know）basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. 4

8. While waiting for the opportunity

(get) promoted, Henry did his best to perform his duty.

9. The room is empty except for a bookshelf

(stand) in one corner.

10. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see

(carry) out the next year.

11. In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words

(use) in daily conversations.

12. One learns a language by making mistakes and

(correct) them.

13. She gave me a

(comfort) smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the ticket immediately.

14. I regret

(inform) you that we are unable to offer you employment.

15. I looked up and noticed a snake

(wind) its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.

16. John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter

(offer) him it.

17. Claire had her luggage

(check) an hour before her plane left.

18. The students are looking forward to having an opportunity

(explore) society for real-life experience.

19. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car

(wash).

20. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself

(remind) of his own dreams. Ⅱ. 单句写作

1. It is not very good for you

(抽那么多烟). 2.

(开车) during the rush hour is tiring. 3. To work means

(谋生). 4. The train

(将要到达的) is from London. 5. The room

(朝南的) is our classroom. 6. Have you got your watch

(修理)？

7. I heard them

(正在教室里唱歌). 8. They have their house

(重建). 9. I regret not

(接受你的建议). 10. I observed a man

(正在进入房间). Ⅲ. 语法填空

Laughter is the greatest medicine. It helps those 1.

cannot work out become fit. 5

First of all, 2.

(laugh) out loud helps improve your general fitness. This is because laughter strenghthens the heart and the lungs. So, it is easy 3.

(understand) why some yoga exercise include laughter.

Second, a good laugh can relax your muscles. As you laugh, the muscles 4.

(participate) in the laugh become active. After you laugh, these muscles start to relax. This 5.

(move) is like a deep-breathing exercise, 6.

it is very useful for people with breathing problems.

Also, laughter makes us feel a sense of happiness. Experts say that the positive feelings produced by laughter not only make us happy but also help us reduce pain.

The next time you feel upset or 7.

(disappoint), do not worry. 8.

(enjoy) a funny comedy or 9.

(read) some jokes will drive away your negtive feelings and make you 10.

(feel) much better.

6