Grammar and usage(1): Unreal conditions优秀公开课教案

华士高级中学自主学案

2017-2018上半学期

高二英语备课组

M6U3虚拟语气学案

研学目标：

1.

To learn the use of subjunctive mood. 2.

To apply what they learn into practice. 研学重点：

1.

能根据例句，归纳出if引导的非真实条件句的用法。

2.

能了解if引导的非真实条件句中if省略的情况，并运用。

3.

了解错综时间条件虚拟语气，并能运用。

4.

了解含蓄条件句，并能运用。

研学任务：

Task 1:认识虚拟语气

虚拟语气概念：表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。

找出下列哪些句子含有虚拟语气？并说明是表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测还是建议？

1）If it rains tomorrow, the crops will be saved.

_____________ 2）I wish I were a bird flying in the sky.

_____________ 3）We had many trees planted last year.

_____________ 4）If I were you, I would go there.

______________ 5）I suggest you should follow your father’s advice .

______________ Task 2. 根据下列句子，归纳出if引导的非真实条件句的用法。

1. If we had enough money, we would donate a lot to the flood-stricken areas. 2. If she had worked hard, she should have been admitted to the key university. 3. If he had driven more carefully, he could have avoided the car accident. 4. If I should have a chance, I might go to space some day. 5. If I had a chance, I might go to space some day.

6. If I were to have a chance, I might go to space some day.

与现在相反

与过去相反

与将来相反

if 从句

Task 3 根据语境完成下列句子。

1)

It is a pity that he missed the first bus. If he ___________(arrive) 5 minutes earlier,

he ___________(catch) it. 2)

I am short of money. If I _______(have) enough money now, I __________(buy) a computer. 3) The computer is of good quality. If it ____________(break) down within a year,

we ___________ (repair) it for free. Task 4：在if引导的非真实条件句中，if从句中若含有were 、had、should三个助动词时，

主句

华士高级中学自主学案

2017-2018上半学期

高二英语备课组

可以把if省略，并将这三个词提到主语之前，

构成

部分倒装

。

1. If I were you, I would study hard. = _______ _____ ______ , I would study hard. 2. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made the mistake yesterday. =______ _____ ________ your advice, I wouldn’t have made the mistake yesterday. 3. If we should have three days off, we would enjoy a very happy holiday. = ______ _____ ______

three days off, we would enjoy a very happy holiday. 多选：__________ tomorrow, we would put off the sports meeting. A. If it would rain

B. Should it rain

C. Were it to rain

D. Had it rained

Task 5 完成以下练习，归纳出if引导的非真实条件句的特殊用法——错综时间条件句。

1. If you ______ that movie last night, you wouldn’t be so sleepy at class now.

A. haven’t watched

B. didn’t watch

C. hadn’t watched

D. wouldn’t have watched

2. If you had followed my advice, you ________(feel) better now. 3. Look! If we had begun to do the work yesterday morning, we _________ (enjoy) ourselves just like them now . 4. If he left now, he _________(get) there by Friday. 归纳：在1、2、3句中，if引导的从句表示与__________事实相反的假设，而主句却表示与__________事实相反，在4句中，if引导的从句表示与__________事实相反的假设，而主句却表示与___________事实相反。也就是说，当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，这种情况被称为“错综时间条件句”。

Task 6 含蓄条件句

含蓄条件句：有时虚拟的条件不是通过if引导的非真实条件句来表示，而是用一些词或短语，如

without, but for（要不是）, or , otherwise等，这种句子叫含蓄条件句。

1. But for electricity ( = If it ______ _____ for electricity ), there would be no modern industry. 2. Without your help (=If it _____ _____ _____ for your help), we could not have succeeded. 3. I _____ (be) ill that day. Otherwise, I ________________ (take) part in the sports meet . 练一练：填入合适的动词形式。

1）Without air, there ____________no life on the earth. (be) 2）But for his teacher’s timely advice, he ______________ in the exam. (fail) 3) He _______________ to see you yesterday morning but he had an important meeting to attend. (come)

巩固练习：

1.

They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they

__________ to our help.

A. would have come

B. could come

C. have come

D. had come

2.Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway ______ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.

华士高级中学自主学案

2017-2018上半学期

高二英语备课组

A. didn’t write

B. hadn’t written

C. wouldn’t write

D. wouldn’t have written

3. If I ________ where he lived ,I ________ a note to him .

A. knew ; would

B. had known; would have sent

C. know ; would send

D. knew; would have sent

4. If they ________ earlier than expected , they _______ here now .

A. had started ; would be

B. started ; might be

C. had started ; would have been

D. will start ; might have been

5.Mary is ill today . If she _________ , she __________ absent from school .

A. were not ill ; wouldn’t be

B. had been ill ; wouldn’t have been

C. had been ill ; should have been

D .hadn’t been ill ; could be

6._______possible , I _______ him the answer , but I was too busy then .

A. If it had been ; could tell

B. If it were ; must have told

C. If it had been ; should have told

D. If it should be ; should have told

7.You didn’t take his advice . ________ his advice , you ______ such a mistake .

A .If you had taken ; wouldn’t have made

B .If you had taken , would make

C. If you were to take , shouldn’t have made

D. If you have taken , won’t have made 8.---If he _______ , he ______ that food .

---Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately .

A. was warned ; would not take

B. had been warned ; would not have taken

C. would be warned ; had not taken

D. would have been warned ; had not taken

9.I didn’t see your sister at the meeting . If she ______ , she would have met my brother .

A. has come

B. did come

C. came

D. had come

10.What do you think would happen if the engine ____ suddenly stop working?

A. would

B. might

C. should

D. could

11. ______ 10 minutes earlier , you would have seen this famous scientist .

A. If you come

B. If you have come

C. If you came

D. Had you come

12. If Jane ________ tomorrow , what would you do ?

A. were not to come

B. will not come

C. would not come

D. had not come

13. I ____ to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not available.

A. went

B. had gone

C. would go

D. would have gone 14. I’m sorry I will be very busy this afternoon. If I ____ time , I ____ to the movies with you .

A. had had ; would go

B. had had ; would have gone

C. were to have ; would go

D. had ; would have gone

15. If they _______ effective measures, the bananas worth hundreds of dollars that they _______ would have been thrown away .

A. didn’t take ; grew

B. didn’t take ; had grown

C. hadn’t taken ; had grown

D. hadn’t taken ; grew