Grammar and usage(1): Unreal conditions优秀教学设计

姜堰区娄庄中学英语组

游桂萍

条件句与虚拟语气教学设计

教

学

过程与方法

目

标

知识与能力

The students can master the usage of the unreal Conditional

Students will be able to apply the usage into practical exercises and in set situations. 1. Self-study, comparative analytical method, inductive method and cooperative learning are adopted in teaching process. 2. Apart from these approaches, cooperation between students &teacher and exercises are also important.

To arouse students’ enthusiasm of learning English and their 情感、态度与价值观

confidence. How to make the best choice when faced with troubles.

The students can master the usage of the unreal Conditional

Be able to do exercises freely Write some sentences by using the unreal conditional

The direct method, inductive method and comparative analytical method

教学过程设计

教学

重点

教学

难点

教学

方法

教

学

过

程

及

方

法

Teaching objectives:

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to : 1. master the usage of the unreal conditional

2. be able to do exercises freely

3. write some sentences by using the unreal conditional

Step1. Lead in 1. Show the lyrics of the

EL CONDOR PASA(老鹰之歌) to the students.

And introduce what the subjunctive mood is .

I'd rather be a sparrow than a snail.

Yes, I would. If I could, I surely would.

I'd rather be a hammer than a nail.

Yes, I would. If I only could, I surely would.

Away, I'd rather sail away /like a swan

that's here and gone.

A man gets tied up to the ground. /He gives the world its saddest sound, its saddest sound. I'd rather be a forest than a street.

Yes, I would. If I could, I surely would.

I'd rather feel the earth beneath my feet.

Yes, I would. If I only could, I surely would.

Away, I'd rather sail away /like a swan that's here and gone. A man gets tied up to the ground. /He gives the world its saddest sound, its saddest sound. 2. Question: What do they want to be? Why? (use the sentences similar to the words underlined) 3. Introduce what the subjunctive mood is.

【1】

姜堰区娄庄中学英语组

游桂萍

教

学

过

The subjunctive mood is used to express unreal conditions or wishes that are against the fact, either at present or in the past, or to talk about imagined situations in the future.

Step2: Explanation and Consolidation

时间

现在

谓语动词的虚拟形式

从句

动词过去式

（be 多用were）

had + 过去分词

主句

would / should / could / might + 动词原形

过去

程

及

方

法

would / should / could / might + have + 过去分词

将来

动词过去式

should

+ 动词原形

would / should / could / might + 动词原形

were to + 动词原形

一、与现在事实相反的非真实条件句

虚拟语气用在与现在事实相反的条件句中时,条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were),结果主句的谓语should ,would, could ,might+动词原形.如: (1).I am sorry I am very busy now .If I had time ,I would certainly come to see you.

很抱歉,我很忙。如果有时间我一定去看你了。

(2).If it were not for their support, we would be in a difficult situation. 要不是有他们的支持，我的处境会很困难。

(3).If places were alike, there would be little need for geographers. 如果各个地方都一样，就不需要地理学家了。

(4).If I were you ,I would apply for the job. 如果我是你，我会申请那份工作。

Exercise:

1.

If he _______ (smoke) less, he ____________ (not cough) so much. 2.

If I _____ (be) you, I _______ (go) to hospital. 3.

If it _____ (be) not snowing ,we ________ (go) out-doors. 4.

If I _____ (be) you, I ________ (think) differently. 5.

I _______ (help) him if he_____ (ask) me. 6.

If I _____ (be) a bird, I _________ (be) very happy. Keys: 1. smoked, would not cough 2. were, would go 3. were, would go 4.

were, would think

5.would help, would help 6.were, would be

二、与过去事实相反的非真实条件句

虚拟语气用在与过去事实相反的条件句中时，条件从句的谓语用had+过去分词，结果主句的谓语用should, would, could, might+ have+过去分词。如：

(1).If I had taken your advice ,I would not have made such a mistake. 如果当时听了你的话，我就不会犯这样的错误了。

(2).If it had not been for your help ,I would not have finished the work so easily.

【2】

姜堰区娄庄中学英语组

游桂萍

教

学

过

程

及

方

法

要不是你的帮助，我的工作不会这么容易完成。

(3).If we had known the basic principles ,we should have controlled the process even better. 如果我们知道这些基本原理，我们早就能更好的控制这个工序了。

(4).If facts had been collected one week earlier ,we

should have had more time to study them 如个早一个星期收集事实，我们就能有更多的时间研究他们了。

Exercise: 1.

If you________ (leave) a little earlier, you ________________ (catch) the train. 2.

If I ___________ (finish) the job ,I _____________ (go) to the film with you. 3.

If I ____________ (know) her number, I _____________ (call) her. 4.

If he ___________ (not lose) his money, he _____________ (buy) the computer last week. 5.

If I ____________ (know) her name, I _______________ (talk) with her. 6.

If you________ (get) up earlier, you________________ (reach) school on time. Keys:1.had left, would have caught 2.had finished, would have gone 3.had known, would have called

4.had not lost, could have bought 5.had known, would have talked 6.had got, would have reached

三、与将来事实相反的非真实条件句

虚拟语气用在与将来事实相反的条件句中时,条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were)，should+动词原形或were to+动词原形,结果主句的谓语用should ,would, could,might+动词原形.如: If it rained tomorrow. I should stay at home . 如果明天下雨，我就呆在家里。

If the teacher knew it ,he would be angry. 万一老师知道了这件事，他会生气的。

I would not lose courage even if I should fail again. 即使再次失败我也不会气馁。

If I made a mistake ,I should try to remedy it . 如果我犯了错误，我就会设法补救。

If I were to do it ,I would do it another way. 要是我来做这件事，我会用另一种方式。

Exercise: 1.

If it ___________ (not rain), I _________ (go) to the cinema. 2.

If I __________ (have) another chance, I __________ (learn) how to use computer. 3.

If it ____________(snow) this evening, they ____________ (go) out. 4.

If I ____________ (become) a young man again, I _______________(study) harder.

5.

If he ____________ (come) tomorrow, I _______________(speak) to him about it. 6.

If she _____________ (become) more beautiful, she ____________ (be) a model. Keys:1.should not rain, would go 2.were to have, would learn 3.were to snow, would not go

4.were to become, would study 5.were to come, would speak 6.should become, would be

四、条件句的一些特殊情况

〈1〉有时主句在前，条件句在后。

I would do it better, if I were you.

【3】

姜堰区娄庄中学英语组

游桂萍

教

学

过

程

及

方

法

〈2〉有时用介词短语代替条件句。要注意判断主句的时态。

1. But for his help,we wouldn't have succeeded.(与过去相反) 2.Without water or air,we would die.(与现在相反) 〈3〉在虚拟条件句中，谓语动词是be 或助动词have的某种形式，可以把

if 省略，从而把谓语动词提前，构成主谓倒装。

1. If I were you, I would go. Were I you, I would go. 2. If you had been here yesterday, you would have met him.

Had you been here yesterday, you would have met him. 〈4〉混合条件句

If you had taken the medicine yesterday, you would be well now.

翻译：

假如约翰.肯尼迪没死的话，他现在一定是个老人。

. Key: If John Kennedy had not died, he would be an old man now.

Step 3: Cooperation and discussion Group work: Imagine your boat has just hit an iceberg and is about to sink, and you have only one minute to choose three of the things to take along to a deserted island. What three things would you take and why?

For example: If I were the man, I would not choose the bag of rice, for if I chose it, it would soon be used up. Instead, I would choose the hook, for I can use it to fish.

Step 4: Enjoy the song “If You Were the Only Girl in the World”

If you were the only girl in the world

and I were the only boy!

Nothing else would matter in the world today

we could go on loving in the same old way!

A garden of Eden just made for two

with nothing to mar our joy

I would say such wonderful things to you

there would be such wonderful things to do

If you were the only girl in the world

and I were the only boy! Step 5: Homework

1．(湖北高考)Had we not used an out-of-date train schedule, we

________________ the train.(miss) 要不是用了一张过期的列车时刻表，我们就不会误了火车。

答案：wouldn't have missed 2．(湖北高考)If ________________ alcohol last night, I could have driven my car home.(drink) 如果昨晚我没有喝酒的话，我就能开车回家了。

【4】

姜堰区娄庄中学英语组

游桂萍

教

学

过

程

及

方

法

答案：I hadn't drunk 3．(2014·武汉二中模拟)But for your timely encouragement, I

________________ after going through so much difficulty.(lose) 要不是你及时鼓励，经历这么多困难之后我早就灰心了。

答案：would have lost heart 4．Kobe was hurt; otherwise, he ________________ the match.(participate) 科比受伤了，不然，他就参加比赛了。

答案：would have participated in 5.(2014·武昌区调研)If I ________________，

things would not have got worse.(consult) 我如果向他请教了，情况就不会恶化。

答案：had consulted him 6．(2014·黄冈适应性考试)Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time ________________.(save) 如果我了解这个电脑程序，就可以节省大量的时间。

答案：would have been saved 7．Honey, look at your mistake in spelling this word, or you ________________ full marks in this exam.(obtain) 亲爱的，看看你这个单词的拼写错误，不然你这次考试就能得满分了。

答案：could have obtained 8．If it hadn't been for the accident, his daughter ________________ now.(alive) 要不是那场车祸，他的女儿现在一定还活着。

答案：would/could be alive 9．If Xiaohua had been brought up in Britain as his sister was, he ______________ as fluently as she does.(speak) 如果小华像他妹妹一样在英国长大，那他也能像她那样流利地讲英语。

答案：could speak English 10．Without their help, the police __________________ in catching the robber in such a short time last month.(succeed) 上个月，如果没有他们的帮助，警察不可能在这么短的时间内成功抓住那名抢劫犯。

答案：couldn't have succeeded

课堂

小结

本节课主要学习的是条件句虚拟语气的用法，重点从与现在、过去、将来事实相反的非真实条件句及一些特殊情况入手

虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood) 在条件句中的使用这一语法项目是英语考试测试的重点之一，在高考题型中很有可能会涉及到。它是高中语法学习的重点、难点。掌握好该部分对于英语语言的学习及应用有着深远的意义。本课通过the EL CONDOR PASA(老鹰之歌)的歌词引入该课内容，让学生了解基本规则的前提下，使用语法规则进行运用巩固训练。为了激发学生活动过程中的积极性及参与性，设定情境让学生合作讨论灵活使用该语法。最后以“If You Were the Only Girl in the World”结束本课。本课改变了传统语法课的模式，更关注学生实际应用能力的培养，让学生真正体验学英语的快乐，更大程度地激活了课堂氛围，充分调动每一位学生学习的热情。

课

后

反

思

【5】