Grammar and usage(1): Overview: infinitive, verb-ing and verb-ed(I)教学设计第一课时

Application of Verbs in grammar filling

Step 1 Lead-in There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）1.______a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 2.______ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3._______

(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 4.___________(remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 5.___result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 6.______ (bad),the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7.___(be) full of fat and salt; by 8._____(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 9.________ (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 10._____ is not good for the health.

1.____________

2.____________

3.____________

4.____________

5.____________ 6.____________

7.____________

8.____________

9.____________

10.____________

Step 2 Study

Ⅰ.谓语动词和非谓语动词的辨析

1.(2017卷Ⅱ) Later, engineers ________ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道) which became known as the Tube.

2.(2015卷Ⅰ) A study of travelers__________ (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.

Exercises: 1.He volunteered to help control traffic,_________(donate) an hour of his time every week. 2.He volunteered to help control traffic and_______ (donate) an hour of his time every week. 3.He came across his old friend when he____________(wait) for the bus. 4.He came across his old friend when _______(wait) for the bus. 5.Jim was listening attentively to the lecture, and all his attention_________(fix) on it. 6.Jim was listening attentively to the lecture, with all his attention________(fix) on it. 7.Jim was listening attentively to the lecture, ______(fix) all his attention on it.

Ⅱ.谓语动词在语法填空题中的考查

1. (2017全国Ⅲ卷

)My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at that moment, school ________ (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling.

2.(2016卷III)Truly elegant chopsticks might __________ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. 3.Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ___(be) regarded as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.

Ⅲ.非谓语动词在语法填空题中的考查

1.The first textbooks ________(write)for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century．

2.(2016卷III)Skilled workers also combine various hard woods and metal __________ (create) special designs. 3.(2016卷III)People probably cooked their food in large pots, ________ (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it.

4.(2017卷Ⅱ) This included digging up the road, ________(lay) the track and then building a strong roof…

Ⅳ.词性转化在语法填空题中的考查

1.(2016卷Ⅰ)But for tourists like me, pandas are its top___________(attract). 2.(2016卷III)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the_____________(develop)of chopsticks.

Step 3 Summary Step 4 Pratice

Practice 1 The adobe dwellings(土坯房）built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat slowly during cool nights，thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house during the hot day; at the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle goes day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset（抵消）for the outside temperatures. As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. Practice 2 If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of 1.________(great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 2.____________

(achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 3.____ (be) often acceptable. Most of us are more focused 4._____our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 5.__________ possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished. Recent 6.________ (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 7.______ (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 8.______ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy. If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 9.______ (bring) your work home. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 10. ______(make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.

1.____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________5.____________ 6.____________ 7.____________ 8.____________ 9.____________10.____________