Language Problem-Solving 5第一课时教学设计

高考英语短文改错专题教案

天长二中：潘劲松

教学目标：通过对此题型的深度解读，让学生通过了解本题型的设题规律掌握一定的解题思路从而达到提高学生做此类题型的准确率。

知识目标：

1了解高考短文改错试题结构相对稳定。即：设置10项判断。其中有去词，加词和改词三项，共10处错误。（一般情况下，去词和加词各出现一个，其余为改词。）

2 掌握做短文改错的几种方法。并运用到实际学习中。

能力目标：

1要求答题规范，在做题中遵循规范化模式。

2充分运用教学改革中使用的预习提纲、学习目标去预习----学习---巩固所学知识。

情感目标：

使学生在愉快中了解学习方法，从而自如、自信的运用所学知识去迎接高考 教法：

教学方法：采用问答式、讲练形式、小组活动和个体活动相结合方法. 教学重难点：

1. 重点：

短文改错方法中的：动词的混用；虚词的添加与删除，逻辑不清，固定用法的误判 等

2. 难点：正确运用“浏览全文，了解大意。逐句分析，逐句改错。复读全文，仔细推敲，最后复查”的解题策略

教学步骤

一、题型解读与高考感悟

二、高频考点与技巧点拨 （一）谓语动词考点例析

1考点分析

考点1 时态前后不一致

例1 When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.(2015·全国Ⅰ) 分析

整个语境讲的就是过去的事情，所以think也是当时的想法，故应该用一般过去时。故think改为thought。 典例2 A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop.(2015·全国Ⅱ) 分析

句子的主语为A woman，谓语为saw，crying为宾补，and连接的是两个谓语，而不是两个宾补，所以telling应改为told。 考点2 缺少谓语或谓语动词形式错误 典例1 We must found ways to protect our environment.(2015·全国Ⅰ) 分析

情态动词must后应该跟动词原形，句中we与find之间为主谓关系，所以found应改为find。 典例2 So real friendship should able to stand all sorts of tests.(2014·大纲全国) 分析

able是形容词不能直接作谓语动词，其前应加be，be able to do sth.意为“能够

做某事”。 考点3 语态错误 典例1 Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.(2015·全国Ⅰ) 分析

studies与show之间为主动关系，所以应该去掉been。 典例2 Tony was scared and begun to cry.(2015·全国Ⅱ) 分析

was scared与begun为并列谓语，scared为形容词，表示过去的动作或状态，begin的过去式是began，所以begun改为began。 考点4 主谓不一致 典例1 My dream school look like a big garden. (2014·新课标全国Ⅱ) 分析

整篇短文的语境为一般现在时，而且主语为第三人称单数My dream school，因此谓语动词应用looks。 考点5 情态动词误用以及虚拟语气 典例1 If you are me，would you talk to them？

(2015·四川) 分析

“如果你是我”这个假设一定是虚拟语气，表示与现在情况相反，所以are改为were。 典例2 My punishment lasted a year.Meanwhile，I found out that with more patience I must make my toys last.My attitude changed from then on.(2012·新课标全国) 分析

must必须，一定，用在此处语境不合适。句意为：同时，我发现耐心一些，我可以让我的玩具持久些。所以应用could/might。 2方法归纳

做动词类改错题时，需注意以下几个方面： (1)判断一般现在时与一般过去时是否错用。 (2)and，but，so，or等并列连词前后的时态是否一致。 (3)除了时态，还要注意主谓是否一致。 (4)看是否考查虚拟语气。 (5)看谓语部分是否缺少动词，特别是be动词。 (6)看动词的形式是否正确，尤其注意第三人称单数形式是否错用。 (7)看主动语态和被动语态是否错用。 3考点专练 改错(每小题1处错误) 1.As I tell you last time，I made three new friends here.(2015·四川) 2.My soccer coach retired last week.I wanted to do something special for him at his retirement party.My mum makes the best biscuits in the world，so I decide to ask her for help.(2015·陕西) 3.Hello，boys and girls！Today，I am going to talk about what you should do when a fire alarm go off.(2014·四川) 4.I was taking a train to London’s Victoria Station.I had noticed that the carriage was noisy and filled with people.(2014·浙江) 5.What I liked best were the free highspeed Internet connection in the room.I checked my email messages every day.(2012·陕西) （二）非谓语动词考点例析 1 考点分析

考点1：动词不定式

典例1 It’s been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share

with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.(2015·四川) 分析

want后跟带to的不定式作宾语。故want与动词share之间加to。 典例2 The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming.(2015·浙江) 分析

使役动词make后跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补，即make sb. do sth.，表示“使某人做某事”，故felt改为feel。 考点2：动词的-ing形式 典例1 After looks at the toy for some time，he turned around and found...(2015·全国Ⅱ) 分析

从后面的谓语动词可知整个语境用的是一般过去时。所以在looks前面加主语是不行的，所以只能改为非谓语动词作after的宾语。故looks改为looking。 典例2 Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner，which might not be served until 8 o’clock at night.(2013·新课标全国Ⅱ) 分析

分析句式结构可知句子的主语为Have tea in the late afternoon，所以应该用动名词形式作主语，即把Have 改为Having。 2考点专练

改错(每小题1处错误) 1.We’ve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars.(2015·四川) 2.I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view.(2015·浙江) 3.My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter！(2015·陕西) 4.He wanted teach me about animals，insects and trees.(2014·陕西) 5.Felt hungry，we built a fire by the lake and barbecued the fish.(2013·陕西) （三）名词考点例析

1考点分析

考点1：单复数或所有格错误

典例1 The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.(2015·全国Ⅰ) 分析

由后面的定语从句we breathe可知，此处先行词的意思是“空气”，air当“空气”讲时为不可数名词。故airs改为air。 典例2 When I finally arrived at my friend he lent me lots of clothes.(2011·新课标全国) 分析

根据句意可知，当我最后到达“我朋友的家”(my friend’s)，他借给我许多衣服。故friend应改为friend’s。 考点2：词性转换错误 典例1 This made for the grow in the porcelain（瓷器）

industry.(2013·全国Ⅱ) 分析

定冠词the后面应跟名词形式，故grow应改为growth。 典例2 When I finally arrived at my friend he lent me lots of clothes.(2011·新课标全国) 分析

根据句意可知，当我最后到达“我朋友的家”(my friend’s)，他借给我许多衣服。故friend应改为friend’s。 考点2：词性转换错误 典例1 This made for the grow in the porcelain（瓷器）

industry.(2013·全国Ⅱ) 分析

定冠词the后面应跟名词形式，故grow应改为growth。 典例2 He has ruined his healthy.(2013·辽宁)

分析

在形容词性的物主代词后应用名词，所以应把healthy改为health。 2方法归纳

遇到名词首先注意区分名词是可数名词还是不可数名词；其次还可以根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断。此外，还要注意名词的所有格。常考考点如下： (1)在several，few，many，one of，a couple of，three，one and a half，a large number of，scores of，dozens of等词语后，或虽没有这些词但语境提示我们，本应接复数可数名词的，但文中却用了单数。 3考点专练 改错(每小题1处错误) 1.As I told you last time，I made three new friend here.(2015·四川) 2.My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made of glass.(2015·浙江) 3.Mum taught me some basic step of baking.(2015·陕西) 4.We’ve called several time about Cleo’s early morning barking.(2014·辽宁) （四）形容词与副词

考点例析 1考点分析

考点1：形、副词或名词词性混淆 典例1 Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.(2015·全国Ⅰ) 分析

名词前应该用形容词作定语。故seriously应改为serious。 典例2 Dad and I were terrible worried.(2015·全国Ⅱ) 分析

worried为形容词化了的过去分词，修饰形容词应该用副词，所以应将terrible改为terribly。 典例3 The fruits are small in size，but juicy and taste.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ) 分析

句中的small，juicy与taste并列，所以应该都用形容词，故将taste改为tasty。 考点2：形、副词错用 典例1 Nearly five years before，and with the help of our father，my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果) in our back garden.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ) 分析

相对于说话时以前用ago；相对于过去的某个时间或动作之前才用before。故before改为ago。 典例2 As a result，the plants are growing somewhere. (2014·新课标全国Ⅰ) 分析

somewhere意为“某处”，而根据句意“植物到处生长”。故somewhere应改为everywhere。 典例3 I remember my grandfather very much.(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ) 分析

“我对祖父的记忆非常好/清楚”，而非“多”。故much应改为well/clearly。 考点4：比较等级误用 典例1 My mum makes the better biscuits in the world，so I decided to ask her for help.(2015·陕西) 分析

由该句中的in the world以及前面的the可知此处应该用形容词的最高级。故better改为best。 典例2 To make matters bad，now I have to share a room with my younger sister，Maggie.(2013·浙江) 分析

to make matters worse使事情更糟糕的是，为固定搭配。故bad改为worse。 考点5：分词化形容词混用 典例1 I am awfully tiring，but I know I’ll never fall asleep.(2013·浙江) 分析

由句意知，“我感到非常疲乏”，应用tired。故tiring应改为tired。

典例2 Gradually，I became interesting in biology and chose to learn biology when I entered the college. (2012·重庆) 分析

对……感兴趣，应该用interested。故interesting应改为interested。 2方法归纳

对于形容词和副词的考查，注意以下几点： (1)作定语、表语、补语，用形容词。 (2)作状语，修饰动词、形容词、全句，用副词。 (3)注意比较级与最高级的比较对象或范围；单音节形容词的比较级前，不可再加more。 (4)注意many，much，(a) few，(a) little；very，so，(n)ever，hardly等修饰词的用法。 3考点专练 改错(每小题1处错误) 1.On the left-hand side of the class，I could easy see the football field.(2015·浙江) 2.I thought the biscuits were really well.(2015·陕西) 3.That is too much for us，considering how closely the houses are.(2014·辽宁) 4.Don’t panic or get out of line and try to remain quiet and calmly.(2014·四川) 5.Beside，Cleo tends to bark an average of six hours a day.(2014·辽宁) 6.No one in the carriage had previous spoken to or even noticed the ticketowner before.(2014·浙江) 课堂练习

(2016·全国Ⅰ，短文改错改编一) When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city.I thought I will be happy there.Now I am living in a city，so I miss my home in the countryside.There is the air is clean and the mountains are green.Fortunately，with the development of industrialization，the environment has been serious polluted.Lots of studies has shown that global warming has already become very serious problem.The air we breath in is getting dirtier and dirtier.Many rare animals are dying down.We must find ways to protect our environment.If we fail to do such，we’ll live to regret it.