Grammar and usage(1): Overview: infinitive, verb-ing and verb-ed(II)优秀教学设计内容

Unit 3 The world of colours and light Grammar and usage

Inversion Teaching aims:

1. To help them understand what is an inversion 2. To help them to learn how to make an inversion and in what cases inversion is used. 3. To help them to use what they have leant to complete the related exercises Teaching difficulties and keys: 

When and how to use an inversion. 

How to apply what they have learnt Teaching procedures: Step 1 Lead-in T: Show them one pair of sentences and ask them to tell the differences between them, especially the changes in word order. 

They went to the park last Sunday



Did they go to the park last Sunday?

(In the above sentences, the first is a statement while the second is question, and in fact, it is an inversion. Remind them that they use inversion in most questions. T can let them to show more sentences in inversion and then let them to read the guidelines on the top of page 40. Later ask them to tell the exact definition of inversion and explain it in Chinese.

Step 2 Grammar T: Inversion is the changing of the order of the words in the sentence. When we use inversion, we put the predicate or part of it before the subject. This puts emphasis on the predicate instead of on the subject. We can use inversion in many cases.

倒装是对句中语序的改变，在使用倒装时将谓语或谓语的一部分置于主语之前（正常语序主语在谓语之前）表示对谓语的强调。

T: Explain any questions raised by students. After they know what inversion is,

let them work in groups to read the points on page 40 one by one. First let them summarize the rules and then T and other students make some modifications. We use version in the following cases: 1. Usually we put the auxiliary verb before the subject. 

When the sentence begins with a negative word or a negative phrase such as neither, nor, not, never, at no time, seldom, hardly, (rarely, by no means, in no way, in no time.) 

When the sentence begins with so and only (When only modifies the subject, we do not invert the subject and the predicate.)

2. We can put the subject after the verb.



When the sentence begins with direct speech or part of it. 

When the subject is too long. 

When the sentence begins with here, there, in, out, up, down, on, etc

(When the subject is a pronoun, we do not use inverted order in this case)

3. In formal unreal conditionals, we sometimes use should, were, and had

to begin a sentence. (‘had’

here is an auxiliary verb for the past perfect tense) Step 3 Practice T: Give the students a few minutes to go through the rules above. T explains any questions raised by them. Then let them do some relevant exercises to digest the rules. Ask them turn to page 41, and finish A and B. Several minutes later, check the answers with the whole class. Step 4 Further Extension T: After exercises, T can ask some students to retell the rules of the inversion. Then ask them to pay special attention to the following common structures. 1. 虚拟条件句中有were，should，had（过去完成时的助动词）则if可以省略，从句倒装。

2. Not only … but (also) …

连接两个句子，not only 之后的句子倒装，而

but (also) 之后的不倒装。

3.

not … until …

句型，当

Not until 置于句首，主语倒装，Not until 之后的从句不倒装

4.

结果状语从句

… so/such … that …

当So/Such置于句首，主语倒装，that引导的从句不倒装。

5.

Hardly … when …

和

No sooner … than …

主句倒装when，than引导的从句不倒装，且主句多用过去完成时，从句多用一般过去是。

6.

Neither … nor …

连接连个句子，两句都要倒装。

7.

As引导让步状语从句，要将as引导的从句中的表语或状语置于as之前构成倒装。如表语是an/a/the +n的结构，倒装后不能由冠词an/a/the修饰。

（以上是倒装语法的常见考点，需学生理解掌握。）

Step 5 Homework

1.

Go over what they have learnt in this lesson 2.

Preview the next lesson 高中英语倒装句练习题及答案

1. _____ can you expect to get a pay rise.

A. With hard work

B. Although work hard

C. Only with hard work

D. Now that he works hard

2. ____, mother will wait for him to have dinner together.

A. However late is he

B. However he is late

C. However is he late

D. However late he is

3. Not until all the fish died in the river, _____ how serious the pollution was.

A. did the villagers realize

B. the villagers realized

C. the villagers did realize

D. didn’t the villagers realize

4. Not until I began to work ____ how much time I had wasted.

A. didn’t realize

B. did I realize

C. I didn’t realize

D. I realized

5. —Do you know Jim quarrel with his brother?

—I don’t know, _______.

A. nor don’t I care

B. nor do I care

C. I don’t care neither

D. I don’t care also

6. Only by practicing a few hours every day _____ be able to waste much time.

A. you can

B. can you

C. you will

D. will you

7. Not until the early years of the19th century _____ what heat is.

A. man did know

B. man knew

C. didn’t man know

D. did man know

8. _____ got into the room, _____ the telephone rang.

A. He hardly; then

B. Hardly had he; when

C. He had not; than

D. Not had he; when

9. ______ snacks and drinks，but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.

A. Not only they brought

B. Not only did they bring

C. Not only brought they

D. Not only they did bring

10 .—I don’t think I can walk any further.

—_____, Let’s stop here for a rest.

A. Neither can I

B. Neither do I

C. I didn’t think so

D. I think so

11. Only in this way ______ do it well.

A. must we

B. we could

C. can we

D. we can

12. Hardly ____ when it began to rain.

A. had he arrived

B. arrived he

C. he had arrived

D. did he arrive

13. Jack is a student and studies at the No. 2 Middle School. _____.

A. It was the same with Mike

B. So it is with Mike

C. So is Mike

D. So does Mike

14. ______, I would have given you his address.

A. If you asked me

B. You had asked me

C. Should you have asked me

D. Had you asked me

15. _____ that they had made an important discovery in science.

A. Little they realized

B. They had realized little

C. Little did they realize

D. Little had they realized

16. ______ that I couldn’t be absorbed in the work.

A. They made such talked

B. So loudly they talked

C. It was noise outside

D. Such a loud noise did they make

17. Many a time _____ me good advice.

A. he gave

B. does he give

C. he has given

D. has he given

18. ____ have I seen a better performance.

A. Everywhere

B. Nowhere else

C. Everywhere else

D. Nowhere

19. Not a single word ____ at the beginning.

A. did he say

B. has he said

C. he said

D. he has said

20. Only in an hour ago ____ out why he was absent.

A. did the teacher found

B. the teacher found

C. did the teacher find

D. had the teacher found

21. _____ the plane.

A. Flew down

B. Down flew

C. Down was flying

D. Down fly

22. Hardly _____ when the bus suddenly pulled away.

A .they had got to the bus stop

B. they got to the bus stop

C. did they get to the bus stop

D. had they got to the bus stop

23. ______ I had time, I would have run round that lake again.

A. If

B. Unless

C. Had

D. When

24. Not only ______ a promise ,but he also kept it.

A. had he made

B. he had made

C. did he make

D. he makes

25. ______ I would see you here.

A. Little I dreamed

B. Little do I dream

C. I dreamed little

D. Little did I dream

26. There ____.

A. come they

B. they come

C. they are come

D. they will come

27. ______ that he could not speak for a long time.

A. So frightened was he

B. So frightened he was

C. Was he so

frightened

D. Frightened was he

28. Only when class began ______ that he had left his book at home.

A. will he realize

B. he did realize

C. did he realize

D. should he realize

29. Only when you have finished your homework _____ go home.

A. can you

B. would you

C. you will

D. you can

30. Seldom ____ any mistakes during my past few years of working here.

A. would I make

B. did I make

C. I did make

D. shall I make

参考答案及解析：

1．倒装句，答案为C。

2．状语从句的语序应是正常语序，故A、C排除，连词however后必须紧跟形容词或副词，D是正确答案。

3．not until引导状语从句位于句首时，主句要倒装，答案为A 。

4．本题考查以否定词开头并修饰状语时的主谓语序，这时原状语可以是副词或介词短语，还可以是从句，而主谓的语序为部分倒装，答案为B。

5．本题考查neither 或nor连接句子时语序的倒装，答案为B。

6．答案为D。

7．答案为D。

8．hardly...when和no sooner ...than是两个固定句型，前半部分置于句首，其后分句要倒装，答案为B 。

9．答案为B 。

10．答案为B。

11．only引导的介词短语或从句位于句首修饰状语时，句子谓语要部分倒装，答

案为C。

12．部分倒装，答案为A。

13．答案为B。

14．答案为D。

15．副词little位于句首时，句子要倒装，答案为C。

16．答案为D。

17．many修饰名词并位于句首时，句子要倒装，答案为D。

18．答案为D。

19．答案为A。

20．only修饰介词短语时，并位于句首时,句子要倒装，答案为C。

21．答案为B。

22．答案为D。

23．虚拟语气的倒装形式，答案为C。

24．答案为C。

25．答案为D。

26．there放于句首，主语是代词时，主语和谓语的位置不变，仍保留陈述句式，答案为B。

27．答案为A。

28．答案为C。

29．only修饰句子的状语，位于句首，要部分倒装。若only修饰的状语从句不倒装，则主句要倒装，答案为A。

30．由否定词never, not, hardly, little, seldom, rarely, nowhere和否定意义的短语in no way, in no case, at no time, by no means等引起的句子，常用倒装语序，答案为B。