Grammar and usage(1): Overview: infinitive, verb-ing and verb-ed(I)ppt配套教案板书设计

英语句子的结构

宣城二中

雷秋菊

Teaching Aims: 1. Have the students understand the structures of the English sentences 2. Get the students to know the different forms of the sentences 3. Have the students know the Adverbial and Noun clauses 4. Train the students’ skills of dealing with the problem related to the structures of the English sentences Teaching procedures: Step 1:

英语句子可分成简单句，并列句和复合句。

一、简单句：只包含一个主谓结构的句子（有时可以有并列主语和谓语）。

He came in and sat down, reading a book.

简单句有五种基本句型：

（1）、主语+ 谓语。

It was already past midnight and only three young men _____ in the tea house.

A. left

B. remained

C. delayed

D. Deserted

（2）、

主语+ 连系动词+表语。

---We was wondering if we could go skiing on the weeked.

-

--_____good.

A.Sound

B. Sounded

C.Sounding

D.Sounds

3）、主语+谓语+宾语。

Mike didn’t play football yesterday because he had _____ his leg.

A.damaged

B. hurt

C. hit

D. Struck

（4）、主语+ 谓语

+间接宾语+直接宾语。

（5）、

主语+ 谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。

The mother felt herself _____ cold and hands trembled as she read the letter from the battle field.

A. grow

B. grown

C. to grow

D. to have grow

（二）、并列句：两个或两个以上的简单句用并列词（and, but, for, so,or,while, either, or …

）、连接副词（still, yet, however, therefore,then

）、一些相当于连接词（on the contrary, not only…but also,….) 或分号“；”连在一起构成的句子。

考试重点：一，在特定的语境中对and, but, or 和so

等并列词的运用。

二，考察句子“祈使句+并列词+陈述句”中祈使句的动词形式。

I hope you don’t mind me asking, ____where did you buy those shoes?

A. so

B. and

C. yet

D. but ____blood if you can and many lives will be

saved.

A. Giving

B. Give

C.Given

D. To give

三）：复合句：由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。可分成状语从句，名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句），定语从句。

状语从句

时间状语从句：

（一）：when, as, while. He entered the room when/as/ while we were watching TV. When I stopped my car, a

man came up to me. When you have finished your work, you may have a rest be about to do sth….when……..

be doing sth…………when……

It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes.

We must strike while the iron is hot. I like to watch TV while Tom like to play football. While private cars are bringing us convenience,they also cause more traffic accidents and pollution

（二）：

since. 表示某一行为从过去某点开始一直持续到现在，从句常用一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时态。

可构成句型：It is/has been…since…意为“做事已有多久了；已有多久没做某事了。”

It is three years since she was in our class It is three years since I smoked a cigar. It is three years since I began to smoked

三）：after 和

before: It will be/was…before…（多久后才…) It won’t /wasn’t….before…(没过多久就….) It will be five years before we meet again. I hadn’t waited long before he came.

四）：until 和

till: I waited until/till he came back.

He didn’t wait until I returned. I didn’t begin work until he had gone It was not until

he had gone that I began work. Not until he had gone did I begin wo

五）名词形式的引导词：

every/each time, the first time , next time, last time, the moment/the second/the minute/the instant（一…就…..）

六）

副词形式的引导词：

immediately, directly, presently(一…就…)

七）引导倒装的引导词

hardly/scarcely……when…….

no sooner…than…（刚….就…)

八）：by the time By the time sb/sth do/does…,sb/sth will had done…

By the time sb/sth did…, sb/sth had done….

2.条件状语从句：

（一）：if 和

unless( if….not….)

if从句可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。

（二）：on condition that, as/so long as. （三）only if/only…if （只有在…的条件下）

if only/if…only

(要是…就好了）

名词性从句

主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。

名词性从句的引导词：

1.连接词：that, if, whether 2.连接代词：

who, whom, whose, which, what,

whoever, whomever, whatever…

3.连接副词：

when, where, why ,how.

主语从句：

That she was chosen made us very happy. Whether she will come or not is still a question It’s known to all that light travels in straight lines.

2.表语从句：主语+连系动词/be 动词+表语从句

The reason is that you don’t trust her (because错

That’s why I object to him

3.宾语从句；

He explain that he was late because of the traffic. I was interested in what he was doing. 注意：1 .

疑问词+you

think/suppose/expect/

imagine….+陈述句。

What do you think we should do next step?

2. think, suppose, expect…. 接宾语从句时，从句的否定转移主句否定。

I don’t think he has time to play chess with you.

4.同位语从句：(idea,chance,problem,news…….) The news that he won soon spread . We haven’t settled the problem where we are going to spend holiday.

名词性从句的几个考点; 引导词的选择：

(1). That, what: What we can’t get seems better than what we have That a new teacher will come to teacher us English Is true 2). If, whether.

主语从句，同位从句和表语从句不能用“If”

只能用

‘whether’引导。宾语从句中二者均可，但下列情况不可换用：

Whether 与or (not) 连用。

介词接宾语从句用whether. Discuss 接宾语从句用

whether. 2. 名词性从句的语序-----陈述语序。

I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesn’t matter ____ I’m talking to. A.Who is it

B. who it is

C. it is who D. it is who 3.名词性从句的语气

(1).It be necessary/natural/important/strange…+that

从句中的谓语动词用

should+动原/动原

2).表示“建议，命令，要求”意义的动词(suggest, order, demand, insist,urge, command….) 接宾语从句，从句中的谓语动词用

should+动原/动原。

(3).It be suggested/ ordered/demanded…+that..

should+动原/动原. (4).The suggestion/ order/ demand

advice…..+

be/link verb.+表语从句

（should+动原/动原）。

(5). Suggestion/demand/advice….+同位语从句

（should+ 动原/动

原）。

He gave us a suggestion that everyone (should)

have a map 4.名词性从句的时态----宾语从句中主，从句时态一致

5.名词性从句的干扰因素。

---It’s thirty

years since we last met.

----But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ___

we got lost on a rainy night. which

B. that

C. what

D. when