Grammar教学内容分析

Book 6 Module 4 课时学案

Grammar 现在完成进行时

【例句展示】

观察下列各句中动词时态的用法，然后加以总结。

1. Mary has been considering going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.

2. I have been waiting for you for about one hour. 3. The experts have been discussing this problem this year. 4. I have not / haven’t been working here for very long.

5. How many years has she been learning English? 【自我归纳】

1. 现在完成进行时的构成

肯定式

否定式

疑问句

2. 现在完成进行时的用法

①表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去（句_______）。

②表示在说话时刻之前刚刚结束的动作（句_______）。

③表示到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作（句

_______）。

Key: 1. have / has been

2. 1; 2; 3 【拓展】

1. 现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别：

①

现在完成时通常具有结果含义（完结性），而现在完成进行时则常常具有未完结含义。

He has written many articles for newspapers and journals. （已完成）

She has been writing a book. （还在写）

【注】表示持续的动作或状态的动词如work, study, wait, be,live, teach, stay等用这两种时态含义差不多。

_______ doing (句1-3) have / has not been doing (句4) have / has ... been doing (句5)

②

现在完成时与现在完成进行时都可表示延续至今的状态，但是现在完成进行时常常具有短暂性。

I have lived in Taiyuan. （具有长期性）

I have been living in Taiyuan. （具有短暂性）

③

与一般的现在完成时相比，现在完成进行时有时可以表示刚刚完结的动作。

I have found the book that I have been looking for. ④

现在完成进行时常常用于表示延续至今的连续性或重复性的动作。

I’ve been knocking at the door. I think nobody is in.

⑤

许多静态动词如last, see, know, have, think等只能用于现在完成时而不能用于现在完成进行时。

I have known her since my childhood.

⑥

现在完成时通常只陈述事实，而现在完成进行时还可表示一种感情色彩。

I have waited for two hours. （陈述事实）

I have been waiting for two hours. （等得好辛苦）

2. 过去完成进行时与现在完成进行时的区别：

过去完成进行时和现在完成进行时的用法是一致的，只不过是把时间从现在移到了过去。

I’ve often been thinking of you. (现在) I had often been thinking of you before you came back. (过去) 【高考链接】

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. Tom _____ in the library every night over the last three months.

A. works

B. worked

D. had been working C. has been working

2. I’m sure you will do better in the test because you _____ so hard this year.

A. studied

C. will study

B. had studied

D. have been studying 3. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she _____ there.

A. had been lying

C. was lying

B. has been lying

D. has lain 4. We _____ on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.

A. are working

C. worked

B. have been working

D. had worked 5. I have to see the doctor because I _____ a lot lately. A. have been coughing

B. had coughed

C. coughed

D. cough 6. Joseph _____ to evening classes since last month, but he still can’t say “What’s your name?”

in Russian. A. has been going

B. went

C. goes

【高考链接】

1-3 CDA

4-6 BAA

D. has gone