Grammar and usage(1): Unreal conditions教案设计（一等奖）

课程名称

授课人

教学对象

一、教材分析

教学设计

M6U3 Grammar & usage Unreal conditionals

王慧敏

高二学生

学校名称

科 目

英语

江苏省运河中学

课时安排

45分钟

本节课是牛津高中英语模块六第三单元的语法教学部分，主要目标是让学生掌握虚拟语气一般条件句的三种时态的不同结构以及一般条件句的倒装结构。高中学生在时态和主从句的掌握方面往往存在困难，容易混淆，所以它是高中语法学习的重点和难点。这节课主要通过给予学生不同的任务对虚拟语气进行讲解，由浅入深，让学生自己归纳总结语法规律，使得复杂的语法浅显易懂，同时也提高了学生自主学习的能力；再利用设计好的语言情境以及多样的练习，对知识加以运用和巩固，以笔头、口头等多种形式将语法练习有机地、灵活地融会于各种课堂任务之中。对比归纳的方法有助于学生从整体上进行掌握，帮助学生将语法知识加以内化，以培养学生自主学习与探究的能力，提高准确使用语言的能力。

二、教学目标及难重点

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Teaching aims: After learning this part, the students will be able to: 1) know what unreal conditionals refer to; 2）master the different forms of unreal conditionals of the present, past and future time; 3）improve the ability of using unreal conditionals in the context. 2.

Teaching key points and difficulties: 1)

the forms of the predicate verbs in different tenses; 2)

learn how to use unreal conditionals correctly. 三、教学策略选择与设计

1.task-based approach 2.situational teaching 3.competition and cooperation approach

四．教学过程

Step 1. Lead in Activity 1. Read and translate the following sentences.

Let the studnets try to find the difference between these sentences. 1)

If we go on polluting the world, it won’t be fit for us to live in. 2)

If you are busy doing your homework, I won’t interrupt you. 3)

If I were a bird, I could fly in the sky. 4)

If the earthquake hadn’t happened in Wen chuan in 2008, many people wouldn’t have lost families. In the above sentences, what has been said is real or unreal?

Can you find out in what cases the unreal conditionals are used?

And can you say the sentences in another way, not using the unreal conditionals? Sample answers (1) I am not a bird, so I can’t fly in the sky. (2) The earthquake happened in Wen chuan in 2008, so many people have lost families. Summary: The situations are not real or are imaginary. We call them unreal conditionals. Unreal

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conditionals state a condition or situation that is not real or is imaginary.

Activity 2.

Read the following article and underline the sentences which use unreal conditionals and try to translate them into Chinese. It’s Thursday today, but I have been working for 5 days. I feel tired now and want to watch a film to relax. Last week, I watched an old movie called Big words of western tour. It’s wonderful and some sentences impressed me: “If I had valued the true love when I got it, I wouldn’t have greatly regretted when I lost it. If God offered me another chance now, I would utter my love to the girl.” Many young people like watching the movie and wish to have a Pandora’s Box. I also want to own one and have a time travel. If I had worked harder at senior high school, I would have succeeded in going to Qinghua University. But I’m too old now…Anyway, the movie and the idea is great. If it were Sunday tomorrow, I would go to see the movie again. After introducing what the unreal conditionals refer to, the students are asked to find out and tanslate the sentences in the context to have a futher understanding of unreal conditionals.

Step 2.Presentation Task 1 Help the students to learn the different forms of unreal conditionals of the present, past and future time

Unreal conditionals can be used in three different tenses: I. to state a present condition or situation that is not real or is imaginary.

(opposite to the present truth) e.g. 1) If I were a bit taller, I could reach the book.

2) If it stayed warmer now, we would go to take some photos. Summarize: 时态

if 条件从句

主句

与现在事实相反

did/were would/could/should/might + do Translate: 1. 如果没有虚拟语气，英语将容易多了。

If there were no subjunctive mood, English would be much easier. 2. 如果我现在呆在家里，我就能玩电脑游戏了。

If I stayed at home now, I could play computer games. Speak up: Show the students some pictures to help them. (baby, superman) e.g. If I remained a baby now, I might eat and laugh every day without worrying about anything.

If I were a superman, I could protect people who are in danger. Talk about your imagination about now. Do you have any dreams about now which you considered to be unrealistic? Speak it out Use the sentence structure: 1)

If I were…, ____________________________

2)

If I did/had sth,__________________________

II. to use unreal conditionals to refer to an imaginary past action.

(opposite to the past truth) e.g. 1) If I had earned a lot of money last year, I could have bought a car.

2) If you had told him yesterday, he might have made some suggestions. Summarize: 时态

if条件从句

主句

与过去事实相反

had done would/could/should/might +have done Practice: try to fill in the blanks If the farmer hadn’t seen the snake, he wouldn’t have put (not put) it in the arms. If he hadn’t put (not put) it in the arms, the snake wouldn’t have bitten him. If the snake hadn’t bitten (not bite) him, he couldn’t have died (not die). Speak up:

Show the students some pictures.

e.g. If he had driven (drive) more carefully, he would not have had (not have) the car accident yesterday. 2

If I had kept (keep) calm just now, we would/could have avoided (avoid) the quarrel. Talk about your regrets about the past. Do you have any regrets about the past？

Do you wish you could have behaved better?

III. to use unreal future conditionals to talk about imaginary future situations.

e.g. 1) In the future, if I had 10,000,000 yuan, I would buy a house.

2) If everyone were to help those in need in future, the world would be a much better place.

3) If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go outing. Summarize: 时态

If 条件从句

主句

与将来事实相反

did /should do/were to do would/could/should/might + do Practice: 1)

If I ______ in the 22nd century, I _____ my vacation in a very different way. A.

should live; would spend

B. will live; should spend C.were living; should have spent

D. will be living; would have spent 2) If robots_____ the world some day, there ______ no friendship. A.should control; would be

B.were to control; would be C.controlled; would be

D.all the above Show the students some pictures and let them fill in the blanks. e.g. If you were to travel throughout the world in the future, you would be amazed at many cultural differences. If alcohol should be prohibited in the future, many accidents might be avoided.

Speak up: talk about your dream or imagination about the future.

Do you have any dreams or imagination about the future which you considered to be unrealistic?

Speak it out ! Who knows what will happen in the future?

IV.draw a conclusion

Help the students to conclude the usage of the unreal conditionals in different tenses.

时态

与过去事实相反

If条件从句

If

主+had done/been

主句

should，would, might, could + have done/been

should, would, might, could [来源学科网ZXXK]与现在事实相反

If

主+ did / were

1. If

主+did / were

+动词原形(do/be done) should, would, might, could +动词原形(do/be done)

与将来事实可能相反

2. If 主+should +动词原形

3. If

主+were to +动词原形

Task 2 inverted structures of unreal conditionals Please read these sentences and you will find out should, were or had can be used in the inversion. Change the following sentences into their normal order and compare the differences between the two types of sentences. (1) Should it be fine tomorrow, we would go for an outing. (2) Had you come earlier, you would have met my sister. (3) Were time to go back, I would work double hard. Answers:

(1) If it should be fine tomorrow, we would go for an outing. (2) If you had come earlier, you would have met my sister. (3) If time were to go back, I would work double hard.

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We can also put should, were and had at the beginning of an unreal conditional sentence. In this case, “if”

is not needed any more. Practice: 1.If I were you, I would try it again.

=___________________, I would try it again.

2. If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.

=_______________ there yesterday, he would have seen the film. 3. If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home waiting for you.

= _____________ tomorrow, I would stay at home waiting for you.

4.If he were to leave today, he would get there by Friday. =________________toady, he would get there by Friday. 注意：在省略句型中，只有had done 的had 才能省略，实义动词had 不能省。

e.g. If I had time now, I would go to the library.

Had I time now, …….

(误）

Step 3: practice 1. Correct the mistakes

1) If you worked harder, you would have succeed. (had worked)

2) If it could rain, the crops would be saved. (should/were to/ rained)

3) If I am to go abroad, I would go to France.(were)

4) If he should make a mistake, you should not blame him.

5) Had I enough money, I would buy a new car. (if I had) 2. Translate

1）如果我有时间，我就会去参加会议。

If I had time, I would attend the meeting. 2) 万一他不来，你就代替他。

Should he not come, you would take his place.

3) 如果你听了医生的话，你早就恢复健康了。

If you had listened to the doctor, you would have already recovered. 4). 如果他没有生病并且错过了那么多的课，他就会取得更大的进步了。

If he had not been ill and missed many lessons he would have made greater progress. 5）如果我们继续这样折腾地球，我们将来将无立足之地。

If we continued to toy with nature , we would not have standing room in the future . Step 4. Consolidation

五、课后反思

本堂课是一堂语法教学课，主要目标是让学生掌握if引导条件状语从句虚拟语气的相关知识，包括一般虚拟语气的三种情况以及倒装语序的虚拟条件句。课堂上主要通过各种任务和语言情境的设计，以一个层层递进，逐步深入的方式开展教学，引导学生在任务活动中互相合作讨论进行语法规则的对比归纳，主动去获取知识。通过本节课的学习，学生了解并掌握了虚拟语气的语法项目和规则，并能完成相关的语法练习，灵活运用各种虚拟句式和情景进行造句，表达自己的观点，基本完成教学任务，达到教学目的。但是由于课堂容量大，信息传递速度快，一些后进生可能无法在短时间内消化吸收语法知识，以后教师在任务的设计上应当注意任务的完成形式多样化，任务的难度具有层次性，保证每个学生都有能力参与完成任务。

学生是课堂学习的主体，是知识的发现者和使用者，教师要明确认识到这一点，充当好引导者的角色，及时对知识进行总结归纳和点拨解释，指导学生学习，帮助学生逐步完成学习任务，并鼓励学生大胆前进，肯定他们在学习过程中取得的进步，让学生在学习中取得成就感，享受到获取知识的快乐。

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