Grammar and usage(1): Unreal conditions and things hoped for or desire主要内容及教案内容

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Grammar and Usage

Step 1: General introduction

This section teaches four other cases that need to use unreal conditionals. You’ll learn the forms of mixed unreal conditionals, words that can replace if-clauses in implied conditionals and the usage of wish or would rather in unreal conditionals. Step 2: Revision As we learned in the last unit, when a sentence is talking about something that is not real or currently impossible, the verb will be used in a special form that expresses a wish, possibility, condition, etc. Here’re some exercises for you. Choose the best answers: 1. Had you listened to the doctor, you _____ all right now. A. are

B. were

C. would be

D. would have been 2. _____ any change about the date, please tell me immediately. A. Will there be

B. Should there be

C. There will be

D. There should be 3. _____ today, he would get there by Friday. A. Would he leave

B. Was he leaving

C. Were he to leave

D. If he leave 4. Should it rain, the crops _____ .

A. would be saved

B. would have been saved

C. will be saved

D. had been saved 5. You _____ come earlier. The bus left a moment ago. A. would

B. should have

C. may

D. have

6. What should we do if it _____ tomorrow? A. should snow

B. would snow

C. snow

D. will snow 7. You _____ such a serious mistake if you had followed his advice. A. may not make

B. might not make C. shouldn’t have made

D. might not have made 8. If it were not for the fact that you _____ ill, I would ask you to do this right now. A. were

B. had been

C. are

D. should be

Keys

1-5

CBCAB

6-8 ADC Step 3: Explanation and practice 1. We should first pay attention to the forms of the predicate verbs in different tenses when we use sentences in unreal conditional. Let’s remember how to form unreal conditionals of the present, past or future time.

tense present past future If-- clause did(were) had done did，should do，were to do main clause would/ should/ could/ might do

would/ should/ could/ might

have done would/ should/ could/ might do 2. We use mixed conditionals when the main clause and the if-clause are about different tenses. e.g. 1) If you had come and attended the meeting yesterday, you would know what we are doing now.

2) If you had followed my advice, you would not be in trouble now.

Now, complete Part A. Pay attention to the different tenses in the if-clause and the main clause. Answers

A

(1)

had not studied

(2)

would not be (3)

had studied

(4)

would have (5)

knew

(6)

would be (7)

could help

(8)

would not be 3. Read Point 2. Sometimes we can use otherwise, or and phrases beginning with with, without

and but for to replaces a if-clause in implied conditionals. Pay attention to the verb form in the main clauses. 4.

In adverbial clauses introduced by

even if, as if, as though

and if only

we can use unreal conditionals. In object clauses after wish

or would rather

the subjunctive verb forms are often used because the speaker thinks what is said in the clause is currently not true or possible, or will not happen. You should know different subjunctive verb forms are used in the object clause according to the time that the event happened or will happen. e.g. 1) I wish you had met him yesterday.

2) Without your help , we couldn’t have made such progress in my study in the past few years .

3) If only you hadn’t told him what I said! Everything would have been all right.

4) Without electronic computers, much of today's advanced technology couldn’t have been achieved.

5. Read the dialogue in Part B and fill in each blank with a proper word or phrase according to the meaning of the sentence. Answers B

(1) Without

(2) otherwise/or

(3) otherwise/or

(4) wish

(5)With

(6) Without

(7) even if

(8)without

(9) If only

(10) as if