Learning about Language教案及板书设计

Unit4 Pygmalion Learning about Language 第二学时教学设计方案

Background information: Students: 62 Senior High School Students, Grade 2 Lesson duration: 45mins Teaching objectives：

1. Language objectives(语言目标): (1) Help students to review some words and expressions in the passage:

handful, upper, betray, status, mistaken, fortune, plot, pass, classic, classify, superior. (2) Get students to learn and master some important expressions:

in return, in trouble, in disguise, in amazement, in pain, in delight, in shock. (3) Enable students to learn and grasp the grammar:the Past Participle as the Adverbial. 2. Ability objectives(能力目标): Enable students to use the Past Participle as the Adverbial.

3. Moral objectives(情感目标):

Encourage students to learn to appreciate the play of Pygmalion and have a deep understanding of “the Pygmalion Effect”. Teaching contents: Module 8 Unit4 Learning about Language (Page 32~33) Teaching important points: Enable students to use the Past Participle as the Adverbial. Teaching difficult points: 1. Enable students to use the Past Participle as the Adverbial. 2. Help students identify the differences between the Present Participle as the Adverbial and the Past Participle as the Adverbial. Teaching methods: Explanation, cooperative learning, autonomic learning, task-based activities. Teaching aids:

Multimedia, chalks, blackboard Teaching procedures: Step1: Warming Up 1. Greet the class as usual and check the homework.

2. Group work:Invite some groups to act out the play: FATEFUL MEETINGS (Act One). T: Yesterday I asked you to prepare for the play-acting. Have you prepared? Now I want to ask some groups to have a try.

After they finish, make some comments on their performances. Step2: Revision Ask students to finish Ex.2 and 3 in Learning about Language. Then check the answers with the class.

Step3: Lead-in Pair work: Ask students to discuss and find out the examples of the Past Participle as the Adverbial in the play. Sample sentences:

1. An expert in phonetics, convinced that the quality of a person’s English decides his/her position in society. (P28) 2. But, sir, (proudly) once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador’s garden party. (P30) Step4: Grammar Explanation

T: The Past Participle as the Adverbial is a very important grammar, and it can indicate time, condition, reason, and way. We can add when / while / if or other conjunctions before the past participle in order to make the meaning more clearly. Now let us see the function and usage of the Past Participle as the Adverbial. 一、过去分词（短语）作状语

过去分词（短语）作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况，其逻辑主语则为主句的主语，其主语为过去分词动作的

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承受者。

过去分词（短语）作状语时，可单独使用，也可在其前面加上适当的连词，可表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、方式等。

Sample sentences:

1. When finished, the paper should be turned in without delay.（时间状语）

一完成，文件应立即上交。

2. Given more time, I will do it better.（条件状语）

如果多给一点时间的话，我会做得更好。

3. Inspired by what he said, the girl student decided to work harder.（原因状语）

在他的话的鼓励下，这个女学生决定更努力学习。

4. He hurried to the hall, followed by two guards .（伴随状语）

他快步走向大厅，身后跟着两个卫兵。

二、过去分词（短语）作状语在句中的位置

过去分词（短语）在句中作状语，可放在主句前作句首状语，后面用逗号与主句隔开；也可放在主句后面，前面用逗号与主句隔开。

过去分词（短语）作条件、原因状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。

Sample sentences:

He stood there silently, moved to tears.= Moved to tears, he stood there silently. 他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。

三、

过去分词（短语）作状语时，也可在其前面加上连词when, if, once, though, unless等。作状语的过去分词（短语）可与从句相互转换。

1. 表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。

Eg: When _______ (face) with the difficulties, we must try to overcome them. （Answer: faced）

【高考链接】

（2016·江苏高考）A third reason is that social intelligence develops in children before their general cognitive (认知的) skills, at least when ________ (compare) with chimps. 【解题关键】

social intelligence和compare之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。when compared with chimps相当于when it is compared with chimps 。

2. 表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句，可与as, since, because 等引导的原因状语从句转换。

Eg: Encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder.= As he is encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder. 由于受到所取得成就的鼓励，他工作更加努力了。

【高考链接】

①（2016•北京高考）_________(order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.（Answer: Ordered）

②（2015•重庆高考）________(raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.（Answer: Raised）

3. 表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if，unless等词。

Eg:

(1) ___________________, he will do better. (Answer: Given another chance) 再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。

(2) United, we will make our life better.= If we are united, we will make our life better. 团结起来，我们就能使我们的生活变得更加美好。

【即学即练】

Time, _________(use) correctly, is money in the bank.（Answer: used）

【解题关键】句意：时间如果用得正确的话，就是存在银行里的钱。time与use构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式表被动。

4. 表让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。

Eg: Exhausted by the running, they went on running after the robber. = Although they were exhausted by the running, they went on running after the robber. 尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他们还是继续追赶着那个强盗。

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【即学即练】

尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。

________________________, he continued his study.

（Answer: Laughed at by many people）

5. 表方式或伴随情况，通常不能转换为方式状语从句，但可以转换为一个并列分句。

Eg: Dressed in white, she suddenly appeared before us. = She was dressed in white and suddenly appeared before us. 她穿着白色的衣服，突然出现在我们面前。

【即学即练】

__________________, my father and I were talking about my job.

我和父亲坐在桌子旁边讨论着我的工作。（Answer: Seated at the table）

四、表示状态的过去分词（短语）作状语

有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动而表示状态。这样的过去分词和短语常见的有：lost（迷路）；seated（坐）；hidden（躲）；stationed（驻扎）；lost/absorbed in（沉溺于）；born（出身）；dressed in（穿着）；tired of （厌烦）等。

Eg: Lost/Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't notice us entering the room. 因为沉溺于思考之中，所以他没注意到我们进入房间。

【高考链接】

（2015•天津高考）单句改错：Absorbing in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching. （Answer: Absorbing→Absorbed）

【解题关键】句意：专心画画，约翰没有注意到时间是晚上了。be absorbed in sth.“专心于某事”，作状语时去掉be即可。

五、过去分词（短语）的独立结构

过去分词（短语）作状语时，过去分词（短语）的逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，否则，过去分词（短语）前应加上自己的主语。这种带有自身主语的过去分词（短语）被称为过去分词（短语）的独立结构。过去分词（短语）的独立结构通常在句中作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件等。

Eg: 1. The test finished, we began our holiday. 考试结束了，我们开始放假。

2. More time given, we could have done it much better. 如果给我们更多的时间，我们会做得更好。

【即学即练】

各方面考虑起来，她的论文比你的更有价值一些。

___________________, her paper is of greater value than yours.

(Answer: All things considered) 六、现在分词作状语与过去分词作状语的区别

过去分词作状语与现在分词作状语的区别在于：过去分词与句子主语构成动宾关系, 而现在分词与句子主语构成主谓关系。

Seeing in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.×

Seen in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose. √

Step5: Practice

1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words given. (1) ______ (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful to us. (2) ______ (give) time, he’ ll make a first class tennis player. (3) ______(look) out of the window, I found many children playing on the playground. (4) ______ (give) more time, I’ll finish my work on time. (5) Compared with _______ (develop) countries, we still have a long way to go. (6) The English teacher entered the room, _______ (follow) by his students. (7) The teach buildings ______ (build) in 1960 need repairing. (8) I found my school bag ______ (leave) in Mary’s room. Answers: (1) Seen;

(2) Given;

(3) Looking;

(4) Given;

(5) developed;

(6) followed;

(7) built;

(8) left 2. Translate the sentences into English, using the past participle.

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(1) 由于被妈妈所说的话所感动，我忍不住哭了起来。

(2) 如果给我们一个机会，我们将给大家一个非常好的表演。

(3) 当问到他出生在哪里时，约翰说他是纽约人。

Answers: (1) Moved by what my mother said, I couldn't help crying. (2) Given a chance, we could give a good performance. (3) When asked where he was born, John said he was a New Yorker. Step6: Summary

Sum up the usage of the Past Participle as the Adverbial. 1. 过去分词（短语）作状语的功能及作用

2. 过去分词（短语）作状语在句中的位置

3. 过去分词（短语）作状语时，也可在其前面加上连词when, if, once, though, unless等。作状语的过去分词（短语）可与从句相互转换。

4. 表示状态的过去分词（短语）作状语

5. 过去分词（短语）的独立结构

6. 现在分词作状语与过去分词作状语的区别

Step7: Homework 1. Review the grammar. 2. Finish Exercises 2, 3 on Page 33 and Using Structures on Page 72 of the Workbook.

3. Practice using the Past Participle as the Adverbial.

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