Learning about Language教学评价实录

利川市第五中学

利川市第五中学

二 年级 英语 学科集体备课教案

第 3 次教案

课

题

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授课时间

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型

Book 8 Grammar: 过去分词作状语

张伟

______班第_____周星期_______第_______节课

______班第_____周星期_______第_______节课

revision 教学方法

Self-learning, group work……

教

具

PPT, normal tools 课时数

审核人

张伟

2 知

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与

技

能

教学目标

过

程

与

方

法

学生通过预习过去分词作状语导学案，了解过去分词在句中所作的成分

学生自主学习、合作探究，观察，总结和归纳过去分词形式的用法。

情感、态度与价值观

通过学习过去分词提升语言运用能力，感悟语感等。

学情分析

教学重点

教学难点

复习非谓语动词中过去分词做状语的基本用法

如何选择分词，如何判断独立主格结构等

教学过程设计（含学法指导内容）

教 学 内 容

1.

探究活动

【观察1】

观察下列句子中的过去分词(短语)在句中做什么成分。

[来源:Zxxk.Com]

① Asked what had happened, he kept silent. ② Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. ③ Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better. ④

Left alone at home, the little boy didn’t feel afraid at all.

⑤ The teacher entered the classroom, followed by some students. 【归纳1】

句①至⑤的过去分词短语在句中可充当

、

、

、

、和

。相当于一个________从句；

过去分词(短语) 充当状语时，其逻辑主语与句子的主语是一致的。

【观察2】观察例句，从课文中找出与划线句子意思相同的句子。

①Once she was taught by me, she’d become an upper class lady.

____________________________________, she’d become an upper class lady. ② Once she was educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off as a duchess.

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利川市第五中学

_____________________________________, that girl could pass herself off as a duchess.

【自我归纳】

从上述例句总结出，过去分词在句中可以作__________,进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，其逻辑主语通常就是___________________,过去分词与主语之间是__________关系。

2. 知识精析

过去分词作状语，相当于一个状语从句，表明原因、时间、条件、让步等。

(1)作原因状语

过去分词作原因状语时，可转换为as，since或because等引导的状语从句。

Tired by the trip，he soon fell asleep.＝Because he was tired by the trip，he soon fell asleep. Defeated by Trump, she failed to be the President of USA.＝Because she was defeated by Trump, she failed to be the President of USA. Encouraged by the progress he has made，he worked harder. =________________________________________________________________________. (2)作时间状语

过去分词作时间状语时，可转换为when，while或after等引导的状语从句

Seen from the hill，the city looks like a garden.＝When the city is seen from the hill，it looks like a garden.

Don’t speak until spoken to.＝Don’t speak until you are spoken to.

(3)作条件状语

过去分词作条件状语时，可转换为if，once或unless等引导的状语从句。

Given more time，I would have worked out the problem. ＝If I had been given more time，I would have worked out the problem. Once published，the dictionary will be very popular. ＝Once it is published，the dictionary will be very popular. Compared with your progress，mine is nothing. =________________________________________________________________________.

(4)作伴随状语

过去分词作伴随状语时，一般可转换为并列结构。

Aunt Wu came in，followed by her daughter. ＝Aunt Wu came in，and (she) was followed by her daughter. The teacher came in，followed by some students. =________________________________________________________________________. (5)作让步状语

过去分词作让步状语时，可转换为although，though或even if等引导的状语从句。

Although exhausted by the climb，we continued our journey. ＝Although we were exhausted by the climb，we continued our journey. The dog remained faithful to its owner though treated badly. ＝The dog remained faithful to its owner though it was treated badly. Beaten by the opposite team，the players were not discouraged. ＝_______________________________________________________________________.

(6)作方式状语

过去分词作方式状语时，如有连词as if，就可转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则可转换为并列结构。

He began to cry as if bitten by a snake.＝He began to cry as if he were bitten by a snake. 第

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【归纳2】

从以上的例句中可以看出：

1.过去分词短语作

，相当于as, since, because引导的

从句，见例（1）。

2.过去分词短语作

，相当于when. while. after引导的

从句，见例（2）。

3.过去分词短语作

，相当于if. once. unless引导的

从句,见例（3）。

4.过去分词短语作

，相当于and引导的

________句。

见例（4）。

5.过去分词短语作

，相当于although，though或even if引导的

______从句，见例（5）。

6. 过去分词短语作

，如有连词as if，就可转换为as if引导的

____状语从句；若无连词，则可转换为并列结构，见例（6）。

【观察3】[来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K]

请你仔细观察下列三个句子，它们与上述例句有何不同？

1. When heated, ice will be changed into water.

2. Unless invited, I won’t attend his wedding.

3. Once caught smoking in the kitchen, the cook will be fired. 【归纳3】

过去分词作状语有时可保留_________，构成“连词+过去分词”结构，即: while (when, once, unless, if等连词)+过去分词

【观察4】

1. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. 2. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 【归纳4】

过去分词短语Worried about the journey和Exhausted, 是表示被动，完成还是表示状态呢？______________________.[来源:

有些过去分词(短语)来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态，这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：

be lost / absorbed

in, be dressed in, be tired of, be worried about, be based on, be located in等

【观察5】

请你仔细观察下列两个句子，你能说出过去分词（done）与现在分词完成被动式(having been done)在句中作状语有何不同吗？

(1)

Deeply moved by the movie, the children began to cry. (2)

Having been shown around the library, we were shown around the lab. 【归纳5】

过去分词（done）与现在分词完成被动式(having been done)在句中作状语的辨析：过去分词作状语侧重的是

，即不强调动作在时间的先后；现在分词的完成被动式侧重的是

，即强调动作在时间上的先后。

【观察6】[来源:Z,xx,k.Com]

选用分词作状语时，何时用现在分词，何时用过去分词呢？

（1）

Seeing nobody at home, I had to leave. （2）

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【归纳6】

选用分词作状语时,首先要弄清句子主语和分词之间的逻辑关系，如果句子的主语（分词的逻辑主语）与分词构成

关系，则用现在分词作状语，表

; 如果句子的主语（分词的逻辑主语）与分词构成

关系，则用过去分词作状语，表

。

分词作状语记忆口诀：分词作状语，主语是问题。逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。主语找出来后，再来判断关系。主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词。Having done表先后，千万要牢记。

几个注意事项：

1. 独立主格结构。分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语和句子主语通常是一致的，但有时分词带有自身的逻辑主语，在句中做状语。

独立主格结构的特点：独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子主语不同；独立主格结构的成分与后面的分词是逻辑上主动或被动关系。

（一去二看三改原则可判断）

Her grandfather being ill，she had to stay at home looking after him. Time permitting，you can pay a visit to some places of interest in Hangzhou. The work finished，we went home. 2. 独立成分做状语：有些非谓语成分做状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，独立存在。常见的有：generally speaking，frankly speaking, strictly speaking, judging from/by根据…判断, considering鉴于, 考虑到，taking…into account/consideration考虑到, compared to/with，seeing that…因为、由于，providing/provided如果、假如, dating back to或dating from等

学习小结：

板书设计

作业布置

教学反思

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