Learning about Language公开课教案

Unit4

Learning about language

教学设计

Grammar: Revise the Past Participle as the Adverbial

Knowledge skills: 1) To let students learn the use of the past participle as the adverbial. 2) To enable the students to use the past participle as the adverbial correctly and properly. Emotion, attitude and value: 1) To get students to become interested in grammar learning. 2) To develop students’ ability of comparing and summarizing. Teaching important and difficult points: 1) To get students to master the structure and usages of the past participle as the adverbial. 2) To enable the students to learn how to use the grammar correctly.

Step 1 Revision 1) Check the homework in the students’ book. 2) Dictate some new words and expressions.

Step 2 Warming up and practicing Now once taught by me, she’d become an upper class lady. But, sir, once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador’s garden party. Seen (= If it is seen) from the hill, the town looks beautiful. Given (= If he is given) another chance, he can do it better. Tired (= Because he was tired) from the day’s hard work, he fell asleep soon. She won’t go to the party, unless (she is) invited. Generally speaking, when (it is) taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. ●

When the past participle acts as the adverbial in the sentence, it generally function as an adverbial clause such as the clause which shows time, reason, condition, and so on and it can be replaced by an adverbial clause.

●

When the subject of the clause is the subject of the main sentence and there is some form of the link verb “be”, the subject and “be” in it can be committed.

Step 3 Grammar practice 1. 过去分词及短语作状语, 相当于一个状语从句, 可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随等. 过去分词与逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系, 说明谓语动词的动作和状态, 即动作发生时的背景或状况, 其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语, 且主语是过去分词动作的承受着, 过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系. Although (it was) built thirty years ago, the house looks very beautiful. (Although he was) Defeated again, he didn’t lose heart.

(Because my uncle was) Deeply moved, my uncle thanked him again and again. (When they are) Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them. (If I am) Given more time, I can do it better. (Though she was) Much tired, she still kept on studying. (He was) Lost in thought, (and) he almost ran into the car in front of him. Seeing nobody at home, I decided to come again. 2. 过去分词作状语时, 其逻辑主语为句子的主语, 此时应注意人称一致.

Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.

语法延伸: 1) 状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可以保留连词, 构成“连词+ 过去分词”结构作状语. When given a medical examination, you should keep calm. Whenever (he was) asked about it, he could hardly hold back his feelings. 2) 过去分词作状语, 相当于状语从句, 不再用but, so, or,

and, 否则重复. Known to all, (so) he was recognized easily. 3) 如果过去分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致, 需用独立结构或完整的句子, 也可以用一个由with / without引导的复合结构.

The question settled, they went home. With everything taken into consideration, we all think this is a good suggestion. It being hot, we went for a swim. As it was hot, we went for a swim. 4) 过去分词短语作时间状语, 可转换为when, while或after等引导的状语从句. (When they are) Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them. 5) 过去分词短语作条件状语, 可转换为if, once或unless等引导的状语从句. (If we are) United we will stand; (if we are) divided we will fall.

6) 过去分词短语作原因状语, 可转换为as, since或because等引导的状语从句. (As he is) Encouraged by the progress he ahs made, he works harder.

7) 过去分词短语作让步状语, 可转换为although, though或even if等引导的状语从句. Although (we were) Exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey.

8) 过去分词短语作方式状语, 可转换为as if将其转换为方式状语从句, 若无连词, 则转换为并列结构. He began to cry as if (he was) bitten by a snake. 9) 过去分词短语作伴随状语, 一般转换为并列结构. Aunt Wu came in, (and she was) followed by her daughter. 3. Practice. 1) Rewrite the sentences using the past participle as the adverbial

(1) Because the film is well directed, it is well worth seeing. (2) When the hotline was put into use in April 2000, it was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. (3) When the museum is completed, it will be open to the public next year. (4) When these products are first introduced to the market, they enjoyed great success. 2) Correct the mistakes in the following sentences. (1) If to be given more money, I will solve the problem soon. (2) Laughed at by everyone, but he had my sympathy. (3) No matter how well translated, we don’t like it. 4. Do exercise in Exercise 2 and 3 in Reading useful structures on Page 33. 5. Do the exercise in Using structures on Page 72.

补充练习: 1. 选择填空练习: 1) And there, almost ______ in the big chair, sat her little brother, who never had to be told to keep quiet. A. having lost

B. losing

C. to be lost

D. lost 2) ______ and out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain and stopped _____ the beautiful scenery. A. Tiring; to admire

B. Being tired; admiring

C. Tired; to admire

D. Tired; admiring 3) _____ by the film, he didn’t go to sleep until late into the night. A. Deeply moved

B. Deeply moving

C. Moving deeply

D. To be moved

4)

_____ from space, our earth, _____ water _____ 70% of it surface, appears as a “blue globe”.

A. Having seen; the; covered

B. Seeing; with; covering

C. Seen; with; covering

D. To see; the; covered 5) ______ of plastics, the machines are light in weight. A. Made

B. Making

C. To be made

D. To make

6) On a long railway journey, with four Englishmen in the carriage, often there won’t be a word ____ during the whole journey. A. speaking

B. spoken

C. to be spoken

D. to speak 7) _____ what would happen, none of them could find a way out. A. Left wondering

B. Having left wondering C. Leaving to wonder

D. Having left to wonder 8) _____ many times, he finally understood it. A. Told

B. Telling

C. Having told

D. Having been told 9) _____ by his grandparents in the countryside, he isn’t accustomed to _____ in the city.

A. Having brought up; live

B. Grown up; living C. Grown up; live

D. Brought up; living 10) _____ from Malin Trenc’s novel, the film Night at the Museum brings to life a world where dinosaurs wander the earth. A. Adapted

B. Adapting

C. Having adapted

D. To be adapted 11) _____ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. A. Seen

B. Seeing

C. Having seen

D. To see 12) To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions ______ had used the products.

A. whoever

B. who

C. whichever

D. which 13) _____, the pay isn’t attractive enough, though the job itself is quite interesting. A. Generally speaking

B. On the contrary

C. In particular

D. To be honest 14) Some parents are just too protective. They want to ____ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined. A. spot

B. dismiss

C. shelter

D. distinguish 15) Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for

students _______ financial aid.

A. in favor of

B. in honor of

C. in face of

D. in need of 16) The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ______ for the day.

A. finishing

B. finished

C. had finished

D. were finished 17) _____ by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.

A. Driven

B. Being driven

C. To drive

D. Having driven

18) Faced with a hill for $ 10,000, ________. A. John has taken an extra job

B. the boss has given John extra job C. an extra job has been taken

D. an extra job has been given to John 19) A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which _____ will promote its economic development. A. in nature

B. in return

C. in turn

D. in fact 20) ______ achievement, last week’s ministerial (部长级的) meeting of the WTO here earned a low, though not failing, grade. A. In terms of

B. In case of

C. As a result of

D. In face of

(Suggested answers: DCACA

BADDA

AADCD

BAACA)

2. Fill the blanks. 1) Once it is begun, the project will never be changed. ______ _______, the project will never be changed. 2) As he was known to all, he was recognized very easily. _______ ________ _________, he was recognized very easily. 3) If it is seen in this way, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose. ______ _______ _______, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.

4) _____ (attract) by the beauty of nature, the girl decided to spend another two weeks on the farm. 5) _____ (look) out of the window, I saw some children playing hide-and seek. 6) He went to bed _____ (drink), and when he woke up, he found he still had his shoes on. 7) He had an accident ______ (drive) to work yesterday.

Step 4 Homework 1) Finish off the Workbook exercises. 2) Preview the passage on Page 34. Reflection after teaching: