Using LanguageⅡ多媒体教学设计及其点评

高中英语语法填空教学设计

一、知识和能力目标

英语语法填空又称为开放式语篇填空，从句子结构与语法形式、词汇的本义和转换词义以及前后缀的变化、语境语篇的线索以及标志词等方面，测试学生的整体语篇能力。通过本节课的指导训练，使学生了解高考新题型――语法填空的基本考点设计及解决方法，并通过分类练习，使学生掌握其中的规律，提高该题型的做题能力。

二、过程和方法目标

通过展示试题让学生明确该题型的考查方向，了解各词类的出题考点，并且按词类设计八个大方面考查点进行练习。每个类型练习之后及时总结规律，在最后一个环节设计篇章实战演练。在操练过程中，引导学生时刻联系上下文，在语篇中判断空格处应填什么单词，以培养学生较强的语法填空技能。

三、教学过程

Step 1 语法填空题需要具备的基本知识

1.第一环节可以展示语法填空概念，让学生理解体会。

2.第二环节展示语法填空题考点统计，让学生对时态与语态、词类转换、非谓语动词、名词、形容词和副词的比较等级，以及助动词、冠词、连词、介词、代词等语法考点的设计有所了解。

3.第三环节分析解释语法填空的命题规律，即：无提示单词时一般填虚词，包括冠词、介词、连词和代词；而给出单词的实词正确形式填空，则要求学生具备扎实的词性和句子结构分析能力。以上规律，是做好语法填空题需要具备的基本知识。 Step 2 考点设计

1.名词的考点设计，可以考虑通过典型例句练习进行。先教给学生基本技巧，即如果空格后面是名词，尤其是单数名词，则考虑：冠词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格和形容词；反之，则考虑填名词，同时注意单复数和所有格形式。练习分为六种形式，分别考查冠词在单数可数名词前、冠词在带有形容词的单数可数名词前、冠词在以介词短语作定语或从句作定语的名词前等情况。而冠词的特指和泛指是考查难点，可以让学生结合句子结构分析和语义体会、总结。例题设计必须典型全面，可以让某位学生快速完成练习并展示答案，其余同学进行补充讲评，必要时老师给予讲解。如：Have you heard （

）

news？

The price of petrol is going up again。通过上下文可以看出，news应该是特指下文内容，所以，应该用表示特指的the。

2.介词考点设计，可以考虑先让学生完成相关练习，然后让个别学生回答问题。接着，在屏幕上显示答案，并让学生朗读背诵，以积累基本的短语。通过练习，让学生知道介词的考查重点在于短语的搭配及介词的意义。所以，平时必须掌握介词的基本意思，积累常见的短语搭配。

3.代词是语法填空必考的要点之一。常见考点有：根据句子结构对代词主宾格的考查、根据上下文对代词单复数的考查、根据句子逻辑对反身代词的考查。练习形式应包括列举的几种情况，让学生认真完成并主动回答。例如：名词性物主代词作主语、宾语和表语；不定代词none的使用前提是有所指代的三者或三者以上的物或者人的数量“一个也没有”；either既表示“两者中的任一个”，又可用在否定句的句末表示“也”。

4.连词或关系代词、关系副词的考查是难点，也是重点，学生必须具备很强的篇章理解和句子结构分析能力。本类型的考点是并列句、三类从句判断及连词、关系词用法考查。教师平时除了讲解各类从句及连词用法外，对课文及阅读材料中长难句的分析也要经常进行，这

是至关重要的补充。因为只有经常在实际语用中进行分析练习，学生才会熟能生巧，驾轻就熟。在列举的练习中，可以包括各种从句、连词特殊意义的考查，以及对介词加what引导宾语从句和介词加which引导定语从句的难点区分进行练习。同时，注意并列句和复合句的区分。

以下例句便是经典练习：

A

Above was an angry sky，from（

）rain fell and in which lightning flashed.此题答案为which，代替先行词sky，与介词from构成介词短语，引导定语从句并在从句中作状语，而从句属于主语加不及物动词结构，缺少状语。

B 相关比较练习题：Tell me something about（

）you will do in a few days.此题答案为what，是介词about引导了宾语从句，整个about介词短语作something的后置定语，句意为“告诉我关于未来几天你要做的事情”。What在引导宾语从句的同时，又在从句中作do的宾语。本题的分析可以从“从句缺少宾语”作为突破口，如果是介词加which，about的宾语就只有which，而about短语就构成介词短语作状语，与从句do后缺少宾语矛盾。

C 还有以下两种情况的对比考查：He has two sisters，both of（

）are doctors. He has two sisters，（

）both of them are doctors. 此项考查难度较大，可以让学生在完成课堂相关练习后进行小组合作讨论，然后让几个不同小组的学生展示答案，大家再集体讨论，最终由教师进行补充完成。 1．__It__is certain that shopping on the Internet has become an irresistible trend （不可抵抗的趋势）in modern society.

2.What

we eat every day has a great effect on our health.

3.Only _in_ this way can we enjoy the pleasure and

convenience of online shopping . 4.When I was _a_ teenager, I worked part-time（兼职）at my uncle's pub(酒吧). 6.One day, I asked the man _why__ he ordered three beers and just drank one.

7.When people came to collect the bodies, they rescued me

and

took me to Fakinah hospital,

I found my father. 8.The exam,

which

was originally to be held in our classroom, changed to the library at the last minute. 9. _With__ the development of society, the Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life 10. Playing games or chatting online

will definitely bad effect_on__ our study and health.

11.Nowadays，can we find a person ___ has not experienced online shopping?

12.Compared with the traditional trade mode，online shopping has many advantages. _________，there are still some disadvantages in online shopping.

13.In the evening，we returned home. ___a happy day it was!

4.形容词，副词考点。假如给出形容词，需要填写比较级、最高级，或词性词形转化，转化为名词，转化为副词，或是填写反义词(前缀);

如，

lucky_luckier_luckiest__luck__luckily_unluckily 1.You have made much ________ (great)

progress in English. 2.Even his father was ______(deep) moved by the film. 3.She works still _______(hard) than ever. 4.The next day that man ordered three beers again and drank one of them

quietly(quiet) at the table.

5.And his life

totally

(total) changed 6.With the problem

solved

I felt proud of my achievement. Unfortunately (fortunate), I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left

to complete

the rest!

5. 谓语动词和非谓语的考查，是另一个重难点。当句子结构分析需要填动词时，它的时态、语态、人称和数都要考虑。先引导学生找到句子的谓语动词，同时非谓语的形式必须结合非谓语在句中的成分来考虑，要求学生平时对非谓语知识必须扎实掌握，而且要会灵活运用。

1.

________ (catch) the train, the boy is running like a wild horse. 2. The girl listened very carefully,_______

(try) not to miss any point. 3. The river__________ ( pollute) by people is clean and

wonderful now. 4.We should spend more time ______(read) good books, novels or news reports on the Internet. 5. He had promised___(give) up drinking 6. With the problem ____(solve), I felt proud of my achievement. Unfortunately, I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left ___(complete) the rest!

6.分词作定语时，其逻辑主语是它所修饰的先行词；作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语。分词的难点是主被动的区分。另外，学生容易将having done和done混淆。比如：（

）his work，he left his office.词句往往只考虑“做完”，误以为finished 就是完成，其本质问题是因为部分学生不理解having done 表示早于谓语动词的主动动作，而done在此是作状语，不是谓语动词的过去式。及物动词的过去分词done作定语、状语、表语、补足语时，都表示与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系。

6.词性转换的重点，是对句子成分分析以及同根单词相应派生词的考查，但前提必须是学生具备词类以及各词类功能的基本知识，比如各种派生的前后缀所代表的词性都需要掌握。另外，形容词和副词的级的考查，可以通过比较级状语的提示、语义的提示来发现。 1. This is a _________

(danger) part of sea. 2. Many other _________ (dive) tried it,and they agreed that it was useless. 3. I am eager to share my __________ ( happy) with you.

4. Only in this way can we enjoy the pleasure and convenience(convenient) of online shopping

5.my two

_brothers_( brother) live aboard now. 6.It is of great importance

(important_) to separate good plants from wild weeds. 7.Then I do some research by raising some _ questions_(question) about her.

Step 3 训练

1. That morning I was playing soccer with my friends. We ran home after the strong earthquake and after that I heard a

really 61

(real) loud noise, like a plane. When I looked at the sea I saw something I had never seen before and I was terrified. My family

rushed 62

(rush) into our truck but the road was full of people trying

to escaoe 63

(escape). The black waves bit our truck, turning us over several

times 64

(time)

before l lost consciousness(知觉). When I regained consciousness I was in the water. Holding on to

a 65

school chair, I floated until I landed on a beach. I had no idea where I was and I was so hungry and

thirsty 66

(thirst). There were bodies and pieces everywhere. Under a tree I saw a mattress(床垫) had been

washed 67

(wash) up to the beach and I started searching for packets of noodles and bottles of water, collecting them around my mattress. After five days I didn't have any water or food left. I survived there by

myself 68

(me) for 20 days. When people came to collect the bodies, they rescued me

and 69

took me to Fakinah hospital,

where 70

I found my father.

2.Online shopping is coming into fashion in most cities，where people are able to make full use of the rapidly­developed Internet technology. Nowadays，can we find a person 61._________ has not experienced online shopping? Certainly not.

Online shopping 62._________(welcome) by most people because of various reasons. From the opinions of consumers，it can save some time for people who don’t have much spare time. Just click the mouse，and they can get 63._________ they want while staying at home. For the retailers（零售商），it can cut some costs for those who don’t have much circulating funds. Compared with the traditional trade mode，they don’t have to pay for 64.________ (rent) a house. 65._________，there are still some disadvantages in online shopping. First，a face-to-face deal makes online shopping less 66._________(rely) and trustworthy. Second，people will lose 67._________ fun of bargaining.

68．_________is certain that shopping on the Internet has become an irresistible trend （不可抵抗的趋势）in modern society. It’s urgent that we need to make necessary laws with the rapid growth of online shopping. Only 69.___________ this way can we enjoy the pleasure and 70.___________(convenient) of online shopping without the concern of being cheated.