Learning about Language板书设计

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 总体设计：

选修八第三单元的词汇量很大，但涉及到详细用法的重点单词不多。所以教学目的设定为让学生动起来，通过各种方式使用单词，在使用过程中熟悉词义，了解用法。针对大量的名词和形容词，我想用多样的图片对学生进行视觉刺激，进而记牢单词。

本单元词汇量较大，任务不少，所以通过单词朗读直接进入教学，输入单词正确发音后围绕Topic展开各项活动。

本单元的话题是Inventors and inventions，学生应该比较感兴趣。我围绕这一话题展开了四部分内容，第一、著名的发明家以及他们的发明使我们的生活越来越方便，以此激发学生的发明兴趣。第二、通过一段文字，说明发明家应有的品质和能力，激励学生为此努力。文字中设计部分单词用法，让学生在使用中熟悉。第三、作为一个发明人应该知道discovery和invention的区别，学生通过对比明白，发现是发明的前提。第四，学生拓展关于patent的相关知识，并通过英英互译强化部分单词。

最后，以作业形式布置学生进行对话练习，巩固课上所学内容。

学生活动主要有：合作读单词，看图说单词（抢答式），阅读短文（英汉互译重点短语），英英互译替换练习巩固词义，编对话进行听说训练。

教学目标：1. Remember the meanings of the words as many as possible. 2. Master the usage of some words and phrases：seize, bear, expectation, abruptly, dynamic, wire, practical, set about... 教学重点：Practice using the words and phrases in different ways. 教学方法：practice and explain.

教

具：blackboard and multimedia Step Ⅰ

Reading

Lead the students to read the words and expressions in the appendix. Pay attention to the following words. recognition

expectation

merrily — merry (教师领读，然后学生分组练习，最后找同学领读，保证学生输入正确读音) Step Ⅱ

Inventors and inventions

T: Well done! Now let’s begin our topic “inventors and inventions”. Speaking of inventors, most people think of Thomas Edison and his famous invention—the electric bulb. Here are another two inventions—train and telephone. Do you know their inventors? They are George Stephenson and Alexander Graham Bell. In fact, in our life there are so many inventions that we may ignore them, such as, a new-style cleaner, helicopter,

perfume, glue, straw and lantern. These practical inventions make our life convenient. With their help, most people lead a merry life. (结合图片，让学生识记以上单词，并引起学生对发明的兴趣) Step Ⅲ

The character and competence of an inventor

T: Have you invented something to solve the problems in your life? In your opinion, what kind of person can become a successful inventor? Please read this passage. If you want to be a successful inventor, you must do every experiment with caution, because some dangers are beyond expectation, which may come abruptly. Whenever you have an idea, you will dive into your job in order to seize the chance flying by like lightning. Only having a rest occasionally will exhaust you, so you must try your best to keep dynamic. Otherwise, you would become passive, and finally couldn’t bear the pressure.

(让学生阅读含有所学单词的一段文字，让学生结合图片以短语的形式翻译，输入单词的相关用法) Step Ⅳ

Distinguish discovery from invention T: As an inventor, you should distinguish between discoveries and inventions. Can you tell me whether DNA is an invention? The structure of DNA was a discovery and published in 1953. The discoverers showed that our genes consist of two spirals(螺旋线) of DNA. This work led directly to the human genome(基因组) project. Conclusion: An invention is something that is created by human beings.

A discovery merely makes known something that already existed in nature. (让学生分清发现和发明，并知道它们之间的联系：Discoveries often leads to inventions. 并强化部分单词词义) Step Ⅴ

Apply for a patent T: When you have an invention. You’d better get a patent for it. Only then, will you become a true inventor.

You should learn something about applying for a patent. Read the story, and replace the underlined parts with the words and expressions in this unit.

Story: When I first applied for a patent I was very puzzled by the standards (criteria). I had produced a new type of lily. I was amazed when my application was unexpectedly (abruptly) refused. The patent officer dealing with my papers (files) explained to me that a new plant variety is not a officially acceptable (valid) invention as it is a result of adjusting growth scientifically. However, she suggested that I should produce a liquid smelling nice (perfume) from my new lily. With her encouragement, I decided to make use of (seize) the opportunity to make a real invention, so I began (set about) my studies on developing my product, for which I hope I will succeed in applying for a patent.

Set短语拓展：

The day they set out was cold and windy and looked as if it would rain.

动身

When Tom set aside his sister’s wishes she was very upset.

暂不考虑

She set down all her working experience on the paper.

写下

The government has set up a committee to look into the affair.

设置

The boy agreed to move and set about packing all his goods.

开始做

(通过英英互译强化部分单词，以句中猜词义的方法拓展set相关短语的用法)

Tips: Not all the inventions can get a patent.

If you want to get a patent, your invention must NOT be:

• a discovery

• a scientific idea or mathematical model

• literature or art

• a game or a business

• a computer programme

• a new animal or plant variety

(拓宽学生的知识面，为课文学习打基础) StepⅥ

Summary

While we learn the usage of the words and expressions, we know something about inventors and inventions. I hope in the future some of you will become distinguished inventors.

Step Ⅶ

Homework

Imagine you are Alexander Graham Bell. After you invented the telephone, you wanted to get a patent, so you call up the patent office. Please make a dialogue with the following words: wire, convenient, practical, set about…

(让学生练习说的能力，并训练使用本单元词汇和电话用语) Ending T: Let’s end up our lesson with Bell’s most famous saying. Leave the beaten track occasionally and dive into the woods. Every time you do you will be certain to find something that you have never seen before.

注意：附加内容用于调控课堂时间，根据课堂进程看是否需要充实。

附加内容：Exercises Translation between English and Chinese T: Do you want to know some details about the invention of the telephone? Please read this text and fill in the blanks with the words we just read Pay attention to their forms. Text:

Bell distinguished himself by inventing the first __________ (实用的)

telephone. But actually he didn’t mean to invent it in the beginning. What he had intended to do was to improve the telegraph. He noticed that the telegraph sent a message by ________

a series of ________(打点) along a wire in a particular order. He was inspired by that. If

sound waves could be reproduced in an electric _________(电流), sound could be sent along electric ________(电线). So he __________ (开始) to invent the telephone and finally succeeded in 1876.

Keys:

practical

tapping

dots

wires

set out

Look at these phrases commonly used in telephone conversations. Use them correctly in the following dialogue.

ring up

ring off

call…back

extension

out of order

get through

hand on A: Hello. Can you put me through to ____________ 256, please? B: ____________, I’m putting you through. A: Hello, Jack. I was expecting you to ____________ me __________ yesterday. C: I’m sorry. I tried but your phone was ____________ and I couldn’t ____________. A: Oh, dear! I’m sorry about that. I didn’t realize that. C: And I’m rather busy now. Would you mind if I _______ you ________ later? I’ll _________ now. A: Not at all. I’ll be waiting for your call.