Learning about Language优秀教案设计

How to do Proof Reading

----马乃娟

Teaching aims: 1.

To obtain the ability of the identifying errors in an essay and revising the discourage. 2.

To acquire the comprehensive application of the English knowledge. Emotional aims:

To get the students more confident in doing proof reading. Teaching focuses: 1.

To summarize some characteristic and strategies of proof reading. 2.

To find out and correct the mistakes in proof reading. Teaching difficulties:

To apply these useful skills into practice. Teaching methods: 1.

Discussion and cooperation

2. task-based teaching 2.

Conclusion

Teaching aids: 1.

Multimedia

2. learning guidance

Teaching procedures: Step 1 Greetings and leading in Step 2 Explain the requirements and rules of proof reading.

一、命题特点

⑴

用来命题的短文内容与学生的学习生活非常贴近，好像就是学生的习作。

⑵

长度均在100词左右。

⑶

这些材料都是记叙文。

⑷

全国卷的设题通常是：1:1:8或1:2:7的模式。

二、高考短文改错的考察方式（格式要规范）

设疑方式

错词（8）、漏词（1）、多词（1）

Unnecessary word

1. I can go to home now.

删掉to Missing word

2. I like playing piano.

playing后加the Wrong word

3. I am fond at English.

at改为of

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三、2016-2018高考短文改错测试点统计

动词

名词

形副

冠词

20162 1 1 1 全卷1 20163 1 1 1 全卷2 20172 1 2 1 全卷1 20171 1 3 1 全卷2 20182 1 1 1 全卷1 20183 2 0 1 全卷2 四、做题方法

Steps of correcting a composition: 1.

浏览全文，掌握大意

2. 分句阅读，逐行找错

3. 检查核对，攻克难点

4. 规范答题，不超十个

Remember the following rules: 四不改原则: 1. 标点符号不改

2. 大小写不改

3. 词序错误不改

4. 单词拼写不改

五改原则

2 连词

3 2 2 1 2 1 介词

1 1 1 2 1 1 代词

1 1 1 1 1 1 其他

0 1 1 0 1 1

1.以保持原意不变为原则（忠于原文文意）

2.一对一原则（一错改一词）

3.错误以改动最少为原则

4.实词以改变形式为原则

5.虚词以添删或更换为原则. 解题方法：

1.从词法角度分析

2.从句法角度分析

3.从逻辑角度分析

Step 3 Explore the testing points during the test. PART I 从词法角度分析

Ⅰ

verb Ⅱ

noun Ⅲ

adj&adv Ⅳ

pronoun Ⅴ

preposition Ⅵ

art. &conj. 短文改错口诀：

动词形，名词数，

还要注意形和副；

非谓语，细辨别，

代词用法前后顾；

介词短语需关注，

冠词连词常光顾。

一、动词形

主要包括三类错误：动词的时态错误

动词的语态错误

主、谓不一致的错误

Exercises: 1.When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables! 2.Not only the students but also the teacher like the film. 3.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.

4. For all these years, we had been allowing tomatoes to self seed where they please.

二、名词数

可数名词单、复数形式错误

错给不可数名词错加复数

Exercises: 1.Since then—for all these year—we have been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please.

2.

We can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. 3. We're called several time about Cleo's early morning barking.

4. I'm deeply grateful for your advice that I should pay more attentions to practising my spoken English. 常见的不可数名词：

news,

advice, homework, housework，information, progress, fun, equipment 三、还要注意形和副

注意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。

1. 形容词修饰名词或代词

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2. 主系表结构中形容词做表语

3. 副词修饰动词、形容词

4. 副词置于句首修饰整个句子，用逗号与主句隔开

5.原级，比较级和最高级的误用。

Exercises: 1. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.

2. The teachers here are kind and helpfully.

3. I hope I can practise my spoken English there as more as possible.

四、非谓语，细辨别

这是考查最多的错误形式之一。

主要有现在分词, 动名词

-ing

主动

进行

习惯

过去分词

-ed 被动

过去

不定式

to do 将来

主动

单次具体

Exercises: 2016全国卷II：We can choose between staying at home and take a trip.

2016浙江卷：He would ask who we were and pretend not to knowing us. 五、

代词用法前后顾

1.前后人称不一致。

2.人称代词，物主代词,反身代词的误用

3.主格宾格误用

（动词，介词后）

3.不定代词的误用及混用。

Exercises: 1. The survey also shows that libraries are where students get most of his books. 2. He has two uncles. None of them are doctors. 3. Though situations are tough today, a lot of we post-80s are making great efforts to live a good life.

4. It has been repaired several times over it's past one hundred years' history. 5. I think important to learn the computer well.

6. Thank you for the English dictionary that you bought it for me.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 人称代词

物主代词

反身代词

指示代词

疑问代词

关系代词

不定代词

主格

宾格

形容词性

名词性

I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them my, your, his, her, its, our, their mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves this, that, these, those, such, some who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever that, which, who, whom, whose, as one/ some/ any, each/ every, none/ no, many/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a little,

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other/ another, all/ both, neither/ either

六、

介词短语需关注

主要考查介词短语和习惯用法的搭配。

其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。

in Sunday afternoon

catch a sight of

in hurry

Exercises: 1.If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside.

2.After the boy came to himself, we sent him hospital at once and telephoned his parents.

3.Nearly five years ago, with the help by our father, I planted some cherry tomatoes.

4. I am grateful that I got the chance to learn for him.

5. Soon they came up a good idea.

七、冠词、连词常光顾

１. 冠词a,an和the的错用或多用、少用．

２. 连词but,and，or, so,because, although, however的错用

Exercises: 2016全国I：My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in the short period

of time.

2014全国卷I：As result, the plants are growing everywhere.

1. But there was a man sitting beside her in a next seat.

2. On Monday, Li Ming was energetic but active in class. 3.“Should I choose a good major and a good university?"

4. They had expected to find a free place to live in, so they experienced a hard winter.

PRACTICE （一）Our English teacher begin to teach us in 2012. She had been teaching English for more than two year. She likes we, and she is very strict in all of us. Although she is a bit short and not so beautifully, but we consider her as our friend. She is really good teacher. We are love her very much. We're sure we'll get in well with each other. （二）2016四川卷

Mom has a full-time job, so she has to do most of the houseworks. She is a great mother. Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother’ s Day. We get up early in the morning. Dad cleaned the house, and then went on shopping. When he came back, I found a bunch of flowers in her hand. I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen. The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favoritest. At dinner, we said to her, “Happy Mother’s Day!” Mom was grateful and moving. PART II 从句法角度分析

1.

定语从句

2.

名词性从句

3.

状语从句

4.

句式结构

1）.

定语从句

1.He put it in a secret place where I couldn't find.

2.The house which Lu Xun once lived is being repaired now.

3. I'll never forget the day which I first went to school.

关系代词和关系副词的误用

5

2）.

名词性从句

1.But it didn’t matter that I would win or not.

2.When people are playing games,they move a lot. That is how sports are good activities for their health.

连接代词和连接副词及从属连词的混用

3).

状语从句

1.He got up early in order to he could catch the first.

2. Make a mark which you have any doubts or questions.

引导词的误用

4).

句式结构

1.As we climbed the mountains, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. 2.I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees.

考察一个句子是否完整,是否存在否定误用的问题,省略现象是否有误,平行、并列关系是否混乱,强调句结构是否完整等.

3.Why you think so many people still suffer from poverty now?

4.I thought it was dull to watch a game in which players kicked a ball to each other. Therefore, my father loves football.

PART III

从逻辑角度分析

逻辑关系

理清楚

错误类型：①否定词特别是not、never等的漏用；

②连词的多用、少用和误用；

③定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的误用，特别是which与that的误用；

④名词性从句中连接词的误用，特别是what和that的误用。

改正方法：在整句理解的基础上，理清前后句的逻辑关系，特别注意and、

or、

but、

after、before、

however、

therefore、

besides、

unless 、if等词的使用是否正确。另外，考生在理解句意的基础上正确判断句子结构和层次，判断定语从句和名词性从句引导词的使用是否正确。

[例1] All I had to do was to write a story or present it.

[例2] It turned out to be her own cup, that she’d left on the shelf by mistake.

[例3] In the end, we drove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear.

Step 4 Conclude the whole class. Step 5 Homework

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