Learning about Language第二课时教学实录

Module 8 Unit 5 Grammar: Verb Tenses （including the Present Perfect Continuous Tense）

Teaching design(教学设计) By 柯荔娟

教材分析

1. 单元教材分析

自新课程改革以来，我校的英语教学教材都是取必修1-5五本书和选修6-9四本书，共九本。本单元为选修8的最后一单元。《新课程标准》对本单元语法学习的要求是“熟练掌握英语动词的各种时态形式及其用法，并学习现在完成进行时”。

本单元中对应的阅读课文不是以一篇简介文章的形式出现，而是通过设计一组英国学生参观北京周口店猿人遗址的场景，通过学生与考古专家之间的问答呈现出了史前文明，介绍史前人类的生活以及考古知识，并对比现在，体裁较为新颖。因此，对话的发生时间背景设定为当下现在，论及的史前信息又需要使用各种与过去相关的时态来描述，因此也提供了不同时态的应用语境。 2. 课时教材分析

在《新课程标准》中，本单元的语法任务是“熟练掌握英语动词的各种时态形式及其用法，并学习现在完成进行时”，涉及的要复习的动词时态数量全面，又有新的“现在完成进行时”，所以设计者把单元的语法任务分解为两个课时。

本课时的主要任务是，复习一般现在时，现在进行时和现在完成时，并学习现在完成进行时。

Teaching Goals: （教学目标）

1. to help the students review the Simple Present Tense，the Present Continuous Tense and the Present Perfect Tense 2. to get the students to grasp the rules of the Present Perfect Continuous Tense 3. to enable the students to correctly use the Present Perfect Continuous Tense according to the context Teaching important & difficult points教学重难点

to enable the students to make clear the distinctions between the Present Perfect Tense and the Present Perfect Continuous Tense, and to correctly use the Present Perfect Continuous Tense according to the context Teaching Procedures: （教学步骤） StepI Lead-in 1

1.How many tenses? 2.“现在”系列的基本形式

StepII Revision 一、.一般现在时

1.一般现在时的用法和意义

1）经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态，常见标志： usually，often，always，seldom，never等 2）.客观规律、正确事实、科学真理、格言警句 3）.表示主语的（长期）现状、性质和状态 4）.表示按时间/时刻表发生的动作，常用来描述：

航班，车次、课程（go, come, leave, arrive, take off, start, begin等） 5）.“主将从现” ：_____________________________________ Exercises Whenever you _________(buy) a present, you should think about it from the receiver’s point of view. Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat _______ (bother) us. 二，现在进行时（ be＋v-ing ）

1. ①Listen, someone is crying! ②He is working on his new novel these months. 表示说话时正在进行的动作, 或目前这个阶段（

不一定是说话的时候

）正在进行的动作 2. ①I am leaving on business tomorrow. ②They are getting married next week. ③We are meeting Mr. Wang tonight. 现在进行时表示将来,主要表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作,最常用于表位移和起止的动词,eg. come, go, leave, start, arrive, return，fly, move begin, start, open, close, end, stop 比较并思考

①I’m not going out tomorrow.

②What time does the train leave tomorrow?

现在进行时表示将来,其主观计划性较强,并往往暗示一种意图,

一般现在时态表示将来,（除特殊的从句用一般现在时表示将来），客观性较2

强,指按时刻表或规定时间要发生的事情 The live football match _________ ( start) at 9 o’clock this evening so the four boys ___________ (go) to stay up to enjoy it 3. ①She’s always helping others.

②My girlfriend is constantly changing her mind. ③Some student is forever sleeping in class. 现在进行时与always/ forever/ constantly /continuously等连用,表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩 三，现在完成时 have/has done 1.基本用法: 1）影响性用法:表示一个短暂性的动作在过去某时已经完成,并对现在造成影响或结果,同时说话者强调的或感兴趣的就是这个影响或结果

①He has left the city.（影响/结果:他不在这个城市）

②Someone has broken the window.（影响/结果: 窗户仍破着）

比较并思考

He has left the city. He left the city.

Someone has broken the window. Someone broke the window. 一般过去时仅陈述事实，不涉及对现在有何影响。

2）持续性用法:表示一个持续性动作或状态从过去某时开始，持续到现在，并对现在造成影响

① Have you waited long? ② I have prepared for my report recently. 2.用现在完成时的典型场合: 1）搭上since＋过去时间/过去事件,则主句中用现在完成时

①I haven’t seen her since last week. ②Where have you been since I last saw you? Since graduation, he ________ never _________ (hear) from some of his classmates. It is/ has been 3 years since he moved to Putian. It is/ has been 3 years since he lived in Putian. It is/ has been 时长 since sb did sth 3

2）句中有so far/by now/ up to now /until now/in(for/over/during)the past /last years等时间状语,则主句中谓语用现在完成时,e.g. ①(改错)So far there had been no news. ②In the past two years I__________ (see) him three times. ③Until now, we __________ (raise) 50,000 pounds for the poor children. (2014四川改) 3）

It/This/That is the first time＋that从

从句中谓语用现在完成时

It/This/That is the first time that I ______________ (come)to Zhejiang. 注:以上句型把is改为was,则从句时态相应改为过去完成时态 ,即

It/This/That was the first time＋that sb had done 延伸理解

(M8U5) What else do you think it might have been used for? Having heard wolves howling in the forest, Lala accelerated her walk. StepIII 现在完成进行时 进行时 be doing 完成时 have/has done 现在完成 has\have been doing 持续性动作从过去某时开始，持续到现在，并对现在造成影响，且

①可能还将继续下去

②强调在此期间动作不断持续/重复(带有浓厚的感情色彩, 强调持续了“那么久”或做得“那么辛苦”。) Oh, you have come at last! I have been waiting for you for two long hours. (M8U5)We have been excavating layers of ash almost six meters thick, which …

(M8U5)Well, we’ve been finding the bones of tigers and bears in the caves, and we think …

1.(2017全国I阅读A)Since 1962, Pacific Science Center ____________________ (inspire) a passion(热情)for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and ……

2. (2014江西改) ---Tony, why are your eyes red? 4

--- I _________________ (cut) up peppers(辣椒) for the last five minutes. 小结 现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别

He hasn’t worked for years.

他多年来一直没有工作。

I haven’t been working very well recently.

我最近工作不太顺利。

They have built several bridges so far. 到目前为止, 他们已建了好几座桥。

They have been building bridges so far. 到目前为止, 他们一直在建桥。

(2013湖北)I _______ letters this morning and _____ for four hours so far. A. will write; wrote B. have written; have written C. was writing; wrote D. have been writing; have written StepIV 综合练习（一般现在，现在进行，现在完成，现在完成进行）

1.(2015四川阅读D)There have been a couple of studies suggesting the birds are increasing their song output at night and during the day they are still singing. 2.(2014北京改)---Hi, let’s go skating.

---Sorry, I’m busy right now. I _________ (fill) in an application form for a new job.

3. (2013福建改) –Why does the lake smell terrible? - Because large quantities of poisonous water ________________ (pollute) it. 4.(2014安徽改)During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs __________________ (increase) sharply. 5. (2016江苏改)Da Shan, who _____________________ (learn) cross-talk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition. 6. China sent up Shenzhou IX manned spaceship into space successfully, which shows science and technology ________ rapidly in China. A. have been developing B. develops C. is developing D. had developed 7. Now that she is out of a job, Lucy ________ going back to school, but she

hasn’t decided yet.

A. had considered B. has been consideringC. Considered D. is going to consider 8. --Hi, Tracy, you look tired. --I am tired. I _________ the living room all day. A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted 9. The two friends ________ on the Internet for three hours, and they would go on till 5

the next morning. A. had been chatting B. had chatted C. were chatting D. have been chatting 10. — I have got a headache. — No wonder. You ______ in front of that computer too long. A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked StepV Homework 1. 复习现在进行时，现在完成时和现在完成进行时

2. Textbook P41, 2 3. 提前复习动词其他时态，为下次课做准备

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