Grammar教学设计及说课稿

Module 4 A Social Survey — My Neighbourhood

Grammar Part 1:Teaching goals

1. Target language

a. Important words and phrases present(n.), so far, up to now, till now, all one’s life b. Important sentence patterns The traffic in the city has got much worse recently. P34 Xiao Li has stayed in Xiamen all his life. P34 I’ve worked for it for four years now. P36 I’ve known him since September. P36 It’s been very successful, so far. P36 Up to now, I’ve understood everything the teacher’s said. P36 We’ve had very good weather this winter, till now. P36 2. Ability goals

Learn to use present perfect tense. 3. Learning ability goals

Teach the students learn how to use present perfect tense.

Part 2:Teaching important points

The differences between past simple tense and present perfect tense.

Part 3:Teaching difficult points

Present perfect tense with verbs to describe events happen at a particular point in time and to describe events that can continue over a period of time.

Part 4:Teaching methods

Explanation ,discussing and practising. Pair work and group work.

Part 5:Teaching aids

A computer, a projector and some slides . Textbook and some exercises.

Part 6:Teaching procedures

Step 1 Greetings and Revision T: Good morning / afternoon, everyone! Ss: Good morning / afternoon, Mr / Ms... T: In the last period, I asked you to find out the sentences using present perfect tense in the text. Have you found them? Ss: Yes. T: OK! Now I want to invite some students to present these sentences, and then I will ask you some questions according to the sentences you

offer. Volunteer? S1: It’s been six years since we last saw each other, you know. T: I have a question. When was the last time that the speaker saw his friend? Sample answers: S1: The last time that the speaker saw his friend was six years ago. S2: This is the first time I’ve visited your hometown. S3: I’ve seen quite a lot of China. T: Do you know when the speaker saw these places? S4: I’ve visited some beautiful cities. T: Did they do this a long time ago?

S6: No, they did this not long ago. “Recently” means “not long ago; lately”.

S7: My wife’s just bought a beautiful dress from one of the shops there. S8: A friend’s told me about a nice little fish restaurant near here. Step 2 Grammar 1 T: Now ask students to finish Activity 2. (pair work) A few minutes later, ask the students to check the answers in pairs.

Then let the students work in pairs to talk about an interesting place they have been to in order to practice the present perfect tense.

T: OK!

Time is up. Please use the present perfect tense to describe the interesting place they have been to. Invite two students to finish their

dialogue.

A sample version: S1: Hi! I haven’t seen you for several weeks. Where have you been? S2: I have been to Shanghai.. S1: Really! When did you go there? S2: I went there three weeks ago. Shanghai. is a wonderful place. There are a lot of tourist attractions. Have you been there? S1: No. what a pity.

Step 3 Explanation:

Ask students to discuss in their group at first. And then guide the students to distinguish the differences between past simple tense and present perfect tense. Please look at the screen. 1．一般过去时所关心的是过去某时发生的动作，与现在无联系，常有表示过去某时的状语；而现在完成时所关心的是过去发生的动作和现在的联系或对现在产生的影响，强调过去与现在的关系。

2．一般过去时常带有表示过去某时刻的时间状语，例如last night, yesterday, last year, three months ago等；而现在完成时所带时间状语包括说话时在内或与说话时非常接近，例如today, these days, recently, just等。

3．现在完成时与for或since引起的短语连用时，表示从过去开始的动作或状态延续至今；而一般过去时与for引起的短语连用时，只指

过去的动作或状态在过去延续了多长时间。

Step 4 practice

Let the students do Exercise 3 in WORKBOOK to further practice the present perfect tense and enable them to distinguish between the present perfect tense and the past simple tense. T: Please do Exercise 3 to choose correct forms of the verbs. Check the answers together after the students finish it. Step 5 Grammar 2 Let the students do some exercises to enable them to distinguish verbs that can last and that cannot last. T: Now please look at some verbs on the screen and classify them into two groups. One group is verbs to describe events that can continue over a period of time. And the other group is verbs to describe events that happen at a particular point of time. Show the words on the screen. 此用法中的动词常是延续性的。短暂性动词的现在完成时的肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用, 需要用相应的延续性动词替换,

常见的有：leave → be away; borrow → keep; buy → have; begin / start → be on; die → be dead; move to → live in; finish / end → be over; join → be in / be a member of; fall ill / asleep → be ill / asleep; catch a cold → have a cold; marry →

be married; come / arrive → be。

A few minutes later, check the answers and students need to take notes by themselves. Sample answers: Verbs to describe events that can continue over a period of time: work, know, live, remain, stay Verbs to describe events happen at a particular point in time: start, join, borrow, buy, give, leave, open, put, and send T: Now let’s do some practice to see how these verbs are used in past prefect tense. Do Activity 3. When you do it, please pay attention to the verbs to see which group they belong to, A or B? After a few minutes, check the answers. Explanation: 在现在完成时态中，非延续性动词不能和表示延续概念的“for ＋

一段时间”的时间状语连用，在此时可用与其意义对应的状态性短语来表示。例如：

He has died. 他已经死了。

We can’t say “He has died for several years”. Instead, we say: He has been dead for several years. / He died several years ago. / It is several years since he died. T: Please look at the three sentences of Activity 4 and answer which phrases have the same meaning. S8: I think the three phrases all have the same meaning.

T: Correct. Their meaning is “到目前为止”. Now please work in pairs and ask and answer about what you have learnt so far / up to now this term, in your lessons at school. A sample version: A: What have you learnt in your English lessons so far this term? B: I’ve learnt three modules. A: What have you learnt in your maths lessons up to now? B: ... Step 6 Homework Complete the Exercises 1, 2 ＆

4 in workbook. lain, jade and weapons through the ages.