Warming up、Pre-reading、Reading、Comprehending教学设计第二课时

Unit 2 King Lear

教学内容分析

本单元的中心话题是“莎士比亚与他的戏剧《李尔王》。语言技能和语言知识都是根据这一中心话题设计的。

Warming Up 部分由两组问题组成，第一组问题以“子女对父母的尊敬和爱戴”这一话题为中心，要求学生联系自身实际谈一谈如果尊重和爱戴父母，引起学生对这一话题的重视和深层思考。第二组问题是关于我国古代君臣关系和皇室混一等话题，要求学生谈谈中国古代帝王如果对待自己的子女和臣仆。这两个问题都与阅读课文《李尔王》密切相关，

“热身”部分的讨论可以帮组学生更好的理解居中任务之间的关系及剧情的发展。

Pre-reading

部分简要介绍了关于课文的一些基本情况（如作者---William Shakespeare; 剧名—King Lear; 特点—shortened, simplified, modernized 以及主要出场人物---main characters等）。由于莎翁戏剧往往情节生动而曲折，内容丰富有深刻的教育意义，因此教师可以鼓励学生在“热身”讨论的基础上，结合练习提示的单词，根据课文插图等线索大胆预测故事内容。允许学生编出与课文内容完全不同的内容，只要情节合理，有现实意义，都应当给予肯定。学生也在编故事和讲故事的过程中哦你更体会到学习的乐趣。

Reading

部分取自莎士比亚四大悲剧之一---《李尔王》。该剧首演于1606年。统治英国的李尔王想把国土分给三个女儿。他试探三个女儿的孝心，大女和次女极尽阿谀奉承之词骗得了李尔王的信任，各得到二分之一的领土。而又女阴直言不讳而惹怒父亲，一无所有，幸被法兰西国王娶为皇后。李尔退位后遭到两个女儿的冷眼和遗弃，她们甚至密谋要除掉他。幸亏忠臣相救，李尔才幸免于难。后来小女儿挂帅领兵为父复国。这时，另两个女儿之间已出现矛盾，她们尔虞我诈要除去对方，但面对法军，她们又联合起来。此战英军获胜，两个女儿囚禁了李尔与其小女儿，但却招来朝野上下一直不满。结果李尔的小女儿被害死，两个大女儿也没有得到好下场，最后李尔抱住小女儿的尸体痛哭，自己也伤心而死。“阅读”部分节取该剧的第一幕，其中李尔王与女儿的对白堪称莎翁作品中最为经典的篇章之一。

Comprehending

部分的三个练习都是帮助学生更好的理解课文的内容，对理解层次的要求也是逐步加深。练习1 要求学生根据课文回答问题，这些问题都是事实性问题，学生很容易从文中找到答案。练习2在难度上有所提高，要求学生分析剧中人物之间的关系以及各个人物的性格特点，这既要求学生找到课文中与此相关的文字，也要求学生从课文中人物的言行举止的描述判断出他们的性格特点。练习3的开饭度和难度最高，这个练习设计的是面对面的访谈形式，旨在帮助学生从居中跳到剧外，从而以更加理性的思维来体会剧中人物的内心活动。这类练习没有唯一答案，仁者见仁，智者见智，学生可以根据自己的理解给出不同的答案，而要想给出合情合理的回答，学生必须深入而细致地分析人物的每一句的字面含义和真实含义。

II．教学重点和难点

1．

教学重点

（1）了解莎士比亚和他的悲剧代表作之一《李尔王》及相关词汇和短语。

（2）思考尊敬父母，教育子女，分清真诚与伪善在建立和谐的家庭和社会关系中的现实意义。

（3）学习表达不同的感情，比如：悲伤、失望、愤怒、友好、敌意等。

（4）复习状语的形式、意义和用法。

（5）学习写故事梗概和短剧

2．教学难点

（1）状语的形式、意义和用法。

（2）表达不同的感情，比如：悲伤、失望、愤怒、友好、敌意等。

Warming-up, Reading I Teaching Goals: (1)Enable the students to-analyze the characters in one of William Shakespeare's play “king Lear” with the target language．

(2) Enable the students to master some knowledge about Shakespeare and his plays

Teaching Procedures: 

Warming-up Step 1. Leading- in

Purpose: to let the students think about their relationships with parents

1.

A love test: ask the students to do a love test

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1. Do you love your parents?

Yes.____

No.____ •

2. How much do you love them?

A. very much

B. So-so

C. Very little

D. Not at all

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3. Which of the following best describe your feelings towards your father?

A. I love him more than my life

B. I love him as much as I love my eyes

C. I love him as much as I should, no more and no less

D. I don’t know how much I love him, I have never thought about the question

E. I don’t love him, but I don’t hate him either

F. I hate him

G.__________________ (your own sentences)

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4. If you were married, whom would you love more, your wife/ husband or your parents?

My wife/ husband__________

My parents_______________

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5. If your father gave you 1,000yuan on condition that you tell him you love him very much, would you say so?

Yes.____

No.____ •

6. If you could choose a father, which would you choose?

A. A father who was very rich but didn’t love you.

B. A father who had no money but loved you very much Step 2: Discussion: ask the students to discuss: 

How do we show love and respect to our parents? 

If we have problems in getting along with our parents? How to communicate with them?

Purpose: lead the students to think about how to get along with parents •

Requirements:

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Four students a group

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3 minutes for discussion



2 minutes for presentation

Step3. Background knowledge Purpose: To provide the students with information about Shakespeare and his plays, let the students prepared for the reading part William Shakespeare

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A dramatist,

an actor, a poet

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The greatest and most famous English writer

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A master of language and a prolific writer

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38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems, and several other poems.

Shakespeare’s Quotes

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A light heart lives long .

豁达者长寿。

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The time of life is short ; to spend that shortness basely, it would be too long .

人生苦短，若虚度年华，则短暂的人生就太长了

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The course of true love never did run smooth.

真诚的爱情之路永不会是平坦的。

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Virtue is bold, and goodness never fearful.

美德是勇敢的，善良从来无所畏惧。



Reading

Step 1. Pre-reading

Purpose: to provide some background knowledge of drama and King Lear

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What is a drama?

Drama is the specific mode of fiction represented in performance.

Six Elements of drama

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Plot – what happens in a play; the order of events, the story as opposed to the theme; what happens rather than what it means. –

Theme – what the play means as opposed to what happens (plot); the main idea within the play. –

Character– the personality or the part an actor represents in a play; a role played by an actor in a play. –

Diction/Language/Dialogue – the word choices made by the playwright and the enunciation of the actors delivering the lines. –

Music/Rhythm – by music meant the sound, rhythm and melody of the speeches. –

Spectacle – the visual elements of the production of a play; the scenery, costumes, and special effects in a production.

King Lear •

Considered as William Shakespeare’s greatest tragedy Key words: Flattery, honesty, loyalty, Respect, love Step 2. Fast reading Purpose: To get the gist of the passage.

To correctly understand some information given in the text.

1.

Ask the student to listen to the tape and read the text quickly and try to answer the

while-reading questions 

List the characters who appear in this part of the play 

Which of the characters do you think are shown in the picture on the right? 

Use the pictures that illustrate Part 1 of the play to predict what is going to happen? Suggested answer:



King Lear, Goneril, Regan, Cordelia, the Duke of Albany, the Duke of Cornwell, Kent



King Lear and his three daughters

Step 3. Intensive reading Purpose: to get the students to learn the details of the text. 1. The teacher Read King Lear’s first speech and asked a student to summarize what Lear has decided to do. 2. Ask four students role play Lear, Regan, Goneril, and Cordelia’s part

Ask why do the daughters answer in different way?

3

Ask two students role-play Lear and Kent

Ask why does Lear became angry with Kent?

4.

Fill the diagram

Requirements:



Two students a group



Fill the diagram in 5 minutes

Setting

Conflict

Rising action climax

Suggested answer:



King Lear has three daughters. He is old and wants to divide him kingdom among his daughters, he is going to do a “love test”.

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Flattery VS honesty; words VS actions 

His first two daughters flatter him with nice words, but the youngest daughter insists on telling the truth 

Hearing the truth, the king gets very angry. He gives his land to his first two daughters and leaves nothing to the youngest one 5. Answer the questions for comprehending

1.

Why does King Lear want to give away his kingdom? 2.

How is he going to decide to give the best part of his kingdom to?

3.

At beginning of the play, of which daughter is King Lear most fond? 4.

Who tries to defend Cordelia? What happens to him when he speaks out?

Suggested answer:

1. Lear is old and tried and wants to retire

2. He is going to ask his three daughters to tell him how much they love him and divide up the kingdom according to their answers 3. Cordelia

4. Kent tries to defend Cordelia but Lear banishes him

6. Study the characters Learn the adjectives that describe people’s character.

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Honest, loyal, hot-headed, truthful, deceitful, hard-hearted, respectful, corrupt, greedy, innocent, foolish, cunning, bad-tempered.

Try to use those adjectives to fill the form

Characters

Relationships to King Words to describe personality

Lear daughter King Lear Goneril

Regan Cordelia Duke of Albony Duke of Cornwell Son-in-law Duke of Kent Suggested answer:



Hot-hearted, hard-hearted, foolish, bad-tempered 

Deceitful, corrupt, greedy, cunning 

Daughter, Deceitful, corrupt, greedy, cunning 

Daughter, Honest, truthful, loving. innocent 

Not know yet 

Son-in-law, Not know yet 

Friend, Loyal, respectful, honest, truthful 7. Role-playing

Requirements:

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Fours students a group

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One plays the king, one plays Regan, and another one plays Cordelia, one plays the Duke of Kent

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The one who plays the Duke interview the three characters to find out what they really think 

5 minutes for role-playing, 3 minutes for presentation. 8. Further discussion:

Discuss these questions in your group

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Do you think these questions are true to life?

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If you were King Lear, what would you do to divide up your kingdom among your children?

Step4: Language points

Purpose: help the students have a better understanding of the reading and help them to master the new and difficult words.

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I love you more than all the riches in the world, more than my freedom, more even than my own eyesight. In fact, I love you more than life itself.



More than…

排比修辞

加强语气

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Riches: N. 财富，金钱，财宝

只有复数形式

Riches have wings

She gave away all her riches

近义词：Possessions, fortune, gold, money, property, treasure, wealth

I have decided to retire and hand over the heavy load of responsibility to you three.



hand over交出,移交

复习有关hand 的短语

hand in交上；递上，交进

hand in hand手拉手；联合

hand on传下来，依次传递

hand out分派；把…拿出来

hand over交出，移交；让与

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See, here is a map of my boundaries drown on it.

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Boundary 分界线，边界

They marked the boundaries of the football fields. I have decided the kingdom into three parts, and allocated one part to each of you 

allocate 分派,分配,分配额

The restaurant have six parking

space allocate in the public car park next door. For whichever of you has for me the most devotion I will give to her the best part of everything I own

whichever 作连接代词,意为

“无论哪个;无论哪些”,连接宾语从句、主语从句。

You can choose whichever you want.

Whichever of us fulfils his task first will lend a helping hand to others. In expressing her love for you, my sister has also expressed mine 

in: during the act or process of 相当于while

In racing for the bus, she fell and hurt her knees.

In helping you with the competition, I have also learned a lot

I adore you more than anything else in the whole world.

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adore:崇拜,爱慕,喜爱

The boys adore their mothers. This part is equal in value to what I give to Goneril 

Be equal in 在（某方面）相等

Are men and women equal in physical strength?

区别

be equal to 与…相等

They receive an income that is equal to the valves of the goods they produce

You are no longer my daughter but a stranger to my heart.



Be

a stranger to 对…陌生，对…没有经验，对…不习惯

He is a stranger to our country He is no stranger to hardship •

We’ll see if either wants to be a bridegroom when she has no riches to bring to the marriage 

If相当于whether,表示“是否

”



When 相当于if, since, now that 表示“如果；既然”

I shall distribute my kingdom between the two of you. I shall keep nothing for myself except a troop of one hundred of my most loyal to…



distribute:分配,散布

The mother distributed candy among children. 

Troop:群,组,多数

We trooped into the meeting. But Sir, please hear me out. I speak on the behalf of Cordelia

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hear out:听说

“I can‘t hear out of my left ear,” the man told the judge.

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On the behalf of 代表

And we'll say we're sorry, even on the behalf of the ones who aren't. But Sir, please hear me out. I speak on the behalf of Cordelia

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hear out:听说

“I can‘t hear out of my left ear,” the man told the judge.



On the behalf of 代表

And we'll say we're sorry, even on the behalf of the ones who aren't. I forecast that such actions will cause great conflict throughout your kingdom

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forecast 预测,预报

According to the weather forecast it will rain tomorrow.

If you have not passed beyond my frontiers within five days, I will have you killed.



frontier边界,边境

Sweden has frontiers with Norway and Finland. 

have sth done/ get sth done 叫别人做某事

have sth done 更正式

We’ll just had the house decorated.

Homework: •

Preview the exercises in learning about language