Learning about Language板书设计及设计说明

状语从句

教学目标：掌握9大状语从句及其中重要的引导词与句型。由于高考中状语从句经常和从句的时态语态，动词短语的搭配，以及状语从句的省略，虚拟语气与倒装一起考查。因此必须掌握好：

1 时间状语从句中各种引导词引导的主句与从句的时态的判断

2 地点状语从句中表示抽象含义时从句必须在主句之前

3 原因状语从句中because，as，now that的位置问题

4 目的状语从句中的so that与在结果状语从句中的区分

5 结果状语从句中的so/such…that…的特殊结构及其倒装

6 条件状语从句中的if，unless的用法

7 方式状语从句中的虚拟语气的用法

8 让步状语从句中的as, though做引导词时的倒装用法

教学重点：1 掌握常用的状语从句中的引导词

2 判断状语从句中的时态

3 状语从句中的倒装情况：no sooner…than, hardly/scarcely…when, not…until用于句首时的倒装；结果状语从句中so/such置于句首时的倒装情况；as/though引导的让步状语从句的倒装情况

4 as if/though引导的方式状语从句中的虚拟语气

教学进程：

导入：状语从句在句子中作状语，修饰谓语。

㈠时间状语从句

⒈回顾有哪些词可以引导时间状语从句—when, while, as表示“当…时”; immediately, instantly, as soon as, directly, the moment, no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely when, once表示“一…就…”；

till, until, not until表示“直到…才”；before 表示“还没来得及…就…”，“不到…就…”；since表示“自从…”；every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time, all the time表示“每当…”，“每次…”，“下次…”等等

⒉状语从句中的时态的判断方法：

⑴过去，现在，将来

⑵延续性与非延续性/时间点与时间段

⑶主从句中的谓语动词的先后关系

⑷判断开始时间与截止时间

⒊when, while, as都可以表示主从句动作同时进行(口头造句举例) 如：when the music fades away, people tide away. She sat there alone while others were all dancing. He dances joyfully as the music goes. 当主句动词为短暂性，从句动词用延续性动词的进行时态表示一段时间内的动作时，三个词可互换。如上面的第二个句子。

When可引导持续动作亦可引导短暂动作。如

When I was young, I used to play Barbie dolls. While引导的必须为延续性动词，侧重和主句中的动词相对比。如

While he was making the breakfast, his wife was sleeping. As可以指主从句的动作交替进行。如

She feels someone’s following her, so she walked fast as lotoked back.

⒋“一…就…”

⑴The moment she heard the music she liked most, she stood up to dance. ⑵Hardly had the Cinderella got home when the clock knocked 12 o’clock. ⑶As soon as I get there, I’ll let you know. (强调当no sooner than和hardly when, scarcely when提到句首时要用到倒装)

⒌till, until, not…until ⑴肯定句：主谓语必须为延续性动词

You can dance to your joy until you feel tired. ⑵否定句：主从句必须为非延续性动词

You can’t marry him until I say yes. （强调till不能放句首，until可以）

6. before ⑴I hadn’t finished my sentence before he turned his back to me。

⑵It will be 2 years before I get back.

7. since I haven’t spoken to him since 1 year ago. It is 3 years since I smoked. It has been 3 years since I smoked.

8．Every time…

歌词：every time I leave to head out on the road, I wanna take you with me, save me from the cold.

练习：

1 We usually call someone a green hand ____(当他没有经验)his job.(experienced) 2 I was speaking to Ann on the phone___（突然我们短线了)(cut)

㈡地点状语从句

表示抽象含义时，从句需在主句前。如

Where there are girls, there is gossip. where引导的定语从句与状语从句

You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.（状从）

You’d better make a mark at the place where you have any questions. (定从)

㈢原因状语从句

回顾有哪些引导词—because, since, as, now that, seeing that, considering that, owing to, because of, thanks to, due to, for 区别/连词

位置

内涵

语气

能否回答能否被强调

why Because 主句前或后

直接因果关强

能

能

系

As 主句前或后

双方都知道弱

不能

不能

的原因

Since/now 主句前

that When有时也表示原因。如

It is silly of you to take his words when every one tells you he’s a liar.

㈣目的状语从句

So that, in order that, for fear that, in case,lest等

She looked at the clock now and then, for fear that she might get home late. He has made up a whole story in case she asks.

㈤结果状语从句

So+形容词/副词+that从句

So+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句

So+many/much/few/little+名词+that从句

It is so easy that even a five-year-old student can work it out. Such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句

Such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句

Such+a lot of/lots of+名词+that从句

He is such a strange girl that no one like to talk to her. So或such置于句首倒装

So poor a girl she is that she has no freedom at all. Too…to与not enough…to与so…as to…

㈥条件状语从句

As/so long as, if, unless, in case(与目的状语从句中意义不同), supposing, provided that In case—

In case there is a fire, what will us do first? She always dress herself well in case he come to see her.

㈦方式状语从句

As, as if, as though As if/though引导的从句如果很难实现或与事实相反，应用虚拟语气。如

Don’t look at me like that as if I had done something wrong.

㈧让步状语从句

Although, though, 可与yet, still或nevertheless连用，不能和but连用。

Even though, even if有时需要用虚拟语气。如

Even if I were busy, I would go. Though有时可以用于句末，指“然而“

He said he would come, he didn’t, though. As与though引导的从句用于主句之前时应使用虚拟语气。表语是单数名词时，前置时还应省略冠词

Child as my son, he knows a lot. Much as I like it, I won’t buy it. Whether…or…,wh+ever, no matter wh+ever Whether you believe it or not, it’s true.

㈨比较状语从句

As…as…, not as/so… as, more than…, the more…in/of, A …times as…as B

课堂练习：

I .找出作文中的状语从句

As is vividly shown in the picture, a tiny man living in the city is standing there wearing a mask，terrified by the heavy smog, which looks like a huge frightening monster. What the picture mirrors is clearly heavy smog and severe air pollution.

Confronted with potential risks of sickness, people are always forced to wear masks in order to avoid breathing poisonous air. With smog getting increasingly serious, environmental protection has become an urgent issue for human beings. As a saying goes, great things may be done by mass effort. For one thing, our government should develop more green and energy saving ways to lower the emission of polluted air. For another, every single, person should raise their awareness of environmental protection and use more public transport. Only if we spare no effort to protect our environment, can we enjoy a greener and better life.