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高二英语Unit4 Pygmalion Language points知识精讲

人教实验版

一. 本周教学内容：

Unit 4 Pygmalion Language points

1. an expert in phonetics, convinced that the quality of a person’s English decides his/her position in society.一位语音学专家，认定一个人的英语水平决定这个人的社会地位。

(1) convinced vt. to cause to believer or feel certain; to persuade 说服；使相信，说动

（某人）

例如：我们说服了他坐火车去，不要搭飞机去。

________________________________________________ （We convinced him to go by train rather plane.）

(2)(be) convinced + of 短语/ that 从句，意思是“坚信……”，“确信……”。

例如：我确信他有罪。 _________________________________=_____________________________________. （I am convinced of his guilt.= I am convinced that he was guilty.）

(3) convince (vt.) sb + of 短语/that从句，“使……坚信……”，“使……确信……”。

2. But they betray themselves every time they open their mouths.但每次一张嘴说话，他们就原形毕露。

betray oneself 无意中露出本性；背叛

e.g. 相当多的人面对金钱的诱惑便原形毕露。

_________________________________when tempted by money. （Quite a lot of people will betray themselves…）

betray (1) vt. give away or make known泄露（秘密）

e.g.他向所有的朋友透露了这个消息。

__________________________________. (He betrayed the news to all his friends.) (2) vt. to be disloyal or unfaithful to 出卖；背叛

e.g.他的最好的朋友背叛了他。

__________________________________ (His best friend betrayed him.) 他背叛祖国，向敌人投降了。

_________________________________. (He betrayed his country to the enemy.) (3) to be a sign of (sth. One would like to hide)显露；显示

他的脸显露出他很生气。

____________________________________ (His face betrayed that he was angry.) betray + n. + to 出卖，背叛

betray +n.+ (to be)/-that 表示“无意中显示，暴露”

名词形式betrayal 如an act of betrayal 背叛的行为

3. condemn vt.谴责

(1)condemn sb. / sth. 谴责某人/某事

大部分人谴责任何形式的暴力行为。

___________________________________. (Most people condemn any sort of violence.) (2)be condemned to death / be sentenced to death被判死刑 那个罪犯被判处死刑。

__________________________________ (The criminal was condemned to death.) (3) condemn sb. to do sth.判处某人服……刑

他的病使他被迫一直呆在床上。

___________________________________ (His illness condemned him to be in bed all the time.) 4. pass …off as 冒充

e.g.她冒充自己是位有经验的演员。

______________________________________. (She passed off herself as an experienced actress.) pass off 逐渐消失；不加理会；（进展）顺利

pass away 去世

pass down/on 把……传给后世

pass out 昏过去；失去知觉 pass …on to 把……传递给 pass through 通过；穿过

5. acquaintance n. 相识; 了解

我懂得这门语言。

__________________________________ (I have some acquaintance with the language.) 我很久以前已经认识他了. ______________________________ (I made his acquaintance long ago.) make one’s acquaintance / make the acquaintance of sb.结识某人

be familiar with / be acquainted with对……熟悉

acquaint sb. with使某人了解

6. a handful of 一把，少数的（人） 我给了那个男孩一把糖。

______________________________________ (I gave the boy a handful of sweets.) a basketful 一篮子

a bagful of 一书包

a mouthful of一口

a pocketful of一袋

7. in amazement 惊讶地 to one’s amazement 使某人惊奇的是

e.g.当她撕烂那张合同然后扔掉的时候，我们都惊讶地望着她。

_______________________as she tore up the contract and threw it. (We watched in amazement…)

e.g.使我惊奇的是，我得了一等奖。

____________________________________ (To my amazement I got the first prize.) 8. Generally speaking, people are more polite to those whom they think are of higher social class. 总的来说，人们对那些他们认为属于较高社会阶层的人更礼貌一些。

(1)本句中的of 表示“从属”关系。例如：

物以类聚，人以群分。

Birds of a feather flock together. (2) be of + 形容词+抽象名词=be +副词+与该抽象名词同根的形容词。例如：

我所说的非常重要。 What I said is of great importance. = What I said is very important. 可用于以上结构的抽象名词及相对应的形容词有：ability-able, help-helpful, importance-important, interest-interesting, significance-significant, use-useful, value- valuable 9. uperior superior 作为形容词有两大用法：

1) 作为普通形容词，意为“傲慢的”。例如：

e.g.我讨厌他那傲慢的态度。

____________________________ (I hate his superior manner.) 2) 作为暗含比较级的形容词，意为“较高级”、“较好的”、“较……为优秀的”。由于superior本身隐含着比较意义，因此不能在前面再加more。在与另一事物进行比较时，与之搭配的介词要用to,不能用than。例如：

约翰逊的数学比王先生好。

Johnson ________________Mr. Wang in mathematics. (is superior to) 与superior用法相同的词还有inferior, senior, junior, prior等。比…优越，不屈服于be superior to 低于be inferior to 比……年长be senior to 比……年轻be junior to例如：

e.g.青铜不如金子。

_______________________ (Brass is inferior to gold.) 10. in terms of 有两个意思:一个意为“根据”、“依照”；另一个意为“以……的措辞”。例如：

e.g.让每一个孩子根据自己的兴趣爱好选择书籍阅读。 Let each child read_______________________________ (in terms of his own tastes and choices.

) e.g.他对你的工作大加赞赏。

He referred to your work__________________________ (in terms of high praise.) 11. in disguise 意为“乔装”

(1)我以为你是便衣警察。

I thought maybe________________________

(you was a policeman in disguise.) 联想：in need of 意思是“需要”。

他需要理发了。

__________________________. (He is in need of a haircut.) in need意思是“在困难（穷困）中”。例如：

我们应该帮助贫困的人。

______________________________________. (We should help those in need.)

语法：ed 分词作状语

-ed分词短语做状语可表示时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、伴随等意义。这种-ed分词作状语相当于一个时间、地点、原因、条件、让步等状语从句，若-ed分词作状语，句子的主语与分词所表示的动作构成动宾关系，即是该分词动作的承受者。

-ed分词（短语）作状语时，也可在其前面加上连词when, if, once, though, unless等，以便明确作何种状语。

①表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。如：

从山顶上看，这个城市就像一个大花园。

Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden. 入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。

Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party. ②表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。如： 受到了讲演的鼓舞，年轻人决定起来从事斗争。

Encouraged by the speech , the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle. ③表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if等词。如：

再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。

Given another chance, he will do better. 和你哥哥相比，你应该更加努力学习英语。 Compared with your brother, you should make greater efforts to study English. 水如果被加热，会变成水蒸气。

If heated, water can be turned into steam. ④表让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。如：

尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他们还是继续追赶着那个强盗。

Exhausted by the running, they went on running after the robber. 尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。

Laughed at by many people, he continued his study. ⑤表方式或伴随情况。如： 那个老人在他的妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。

The old man went into the room, supported by his wife. 我和父亲坐在桌子旁边讨论着我的工作问题。 Seated at the table, my father and I were talking about my job.

一、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。

1. The teaching buildings _________ (build) in 1960 need repairing. 2. I found my school bag __________ (leave) in Mary’s room.

3._____________ (give) more time, I’ll finish my work on time.

4. Compared with _______________ (develop) countries, we still have a long way to go. 5. The English teacher entered the room, ______________ (follow) by his students.

二、高考链接

（ ）1. _______ more attention, the tree could have grown better. (90’全国)

A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given. （ ）2. The computer center, ________ last year, is very popular among the students in this school.(93’全国)

A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened （ ）3. ________ is thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.(96’全国)

A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose （ ）4. _______ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. (01’全国夏)

A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered （ ）5. The researcher is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it.

A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun （ ）6 When ________, the museum will be open to the public next year. (02’上海春)

A. completed

B. completing

C. being completed

D. to be completed （ ）7. Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.(03’上海春)

A. invited

B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited 8. After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home____.

A. exhausting

B. exhausted

C. being exhausted

D. having exhausted 9. You can make yourself ___ in English pretty well if you keep on speaking the language.

A. understand B. understanding C. to understand D. understood 10. —How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?

—The key ___the problem is to meet the demand __ by the customers.

A. to solving; making B. to solving ; made C. to solve; making D. to solve; made 11. You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it ___ often enough.

A. explaining

B. to explain

C. explain

D. explained 12. He glanced over at her, ___ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together.

A. having noted B. noted C. to note D. noting 13. _____ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.

A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing 14. Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to ____before the party.

A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change 15. The flowers ______ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.

A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 16. Whatever is worth __ at all is worth__________ well.

A. doing; doing

B. being done; doing

C. to do; being done

D. being done; being done 17. There is no point ___ time.

A. to waste B. waste C. in a waste of D. in wasting 18. It is foolish ___ such a mistake.

A. for him to make

B. for him making

C. of him making

D. of him to make 19. —Did you have a good time at the party? —Thanks. I appreciated ___ to your home.

A. to be invited B. to have invited C. being invited D. having invited 20. —Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day?

—___enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.

A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be getting

[参考答案] http://www.DearEDU.com

一. 1. built

2. left 3. Given

4. developed

5. followed

二. 1~5 A D C A D 6~10 A A B D D

11~15 D D B A B

16~20 A D D C C