Learning about Language教案2

非谓语动词复习:现在分词和过去分词作状语

一、考点与难点：

1.主/被动与意思

2. 动作发生先后

3.惯用语与固定用法

4.否定形式的添加

二、知识用法：

过去分词(-ed)：表被动、完成, 与主句主语之间是被动关系。

现在分词(-ing)：表主动、进行, 与主句主语之间是主动关系。如果一个被动的动作发生在谓语动词之前, 则可使用现在分词的完成被动式或过去分词。

三、分词的形式

构成

主动

被动

否定式

现在分词

一般式

在分词前面doing being done 完成式

having having been 加not done done 过去分词

先学内容：

考点一:主/被动与意思

1)

____________ (comment) by the public, she feels disturbed.

2)

__________ (stand) on the top of the mountain, I found the school is very beautiful. 3)

_________ (see) from the mountain , the city looks like a big garden.. 4)

_________(see)from the mountain，you will find the city looks like a big garden.

小结：先找出非谓语动词的逻辑_______，主动关系就用__________，被动关系就用____________。

考点二:动作发生先后

1)

They are busy now, __________ (prepare) files wanted in the interview. 2)

_________________(finish) their homework, they went out to play football. 3)_____________________ (beat) by my father, I went out to see my mother . 小结：一般式(doing) 表示的动作与句子谓语动作_____发生，

完成式(having done)表示的动作发生在句子谓语动作____。

考点三:

否定形式的添加

1）________his address, I asked Lucy for help.

A. Not knowing

B. having not known

C. never know

D. knowing never

2)

_______ (not receive) his letter, I called him up to see what had happened to him. 小结：否定式在-ing______(前/后)直接加not 。

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考点四：连词+分词作状语: 能够以连词加分词作状语的连词有:when, while, once（一旦）, if（如果）, though, unless（除非）, than, as（按照）, although, even if（即使）, even though （即使）

前提：分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语（

同一主语）

1. If __________________ (trap) in a burning building, you should send for help. 2. Though______________ (lack) official support，

they continue their struggle.

3. Though ________________ (beat) by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged and practiced even harder. 4. When _____________(compare) different cultures , we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities . 5. No matter how frequently __________(perform ) , the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world . 考点五：

有些过去分词（短语）因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表动作而表状态。这样的过去分词（短语）常见的有: seated (坐); located in, lost in (埋头，专心); absorbed in (全神贯注于);caught in（遇上），

dressed in (穿着);armed with ,equipped with, provided with（装备）,furnished with(安装有),faced with sth=facing（面对）,compared with（与…

对比）,crowded with（挤满）,devoted to（致力于）,dressed in, worried about sth=worrying sth（担心）, born in （出生于）, determined to（决定）,addicted to (上瘾)等, 如：

1. _________(absorb) in deep thought, he didn’t hear the sound.

2. __________(lose) in thought, he didn’t notice me.

3. __________( catch) in a heavy rain, he was all wet.

4.___________(face) with difficulties and challenges, we should stay optimistic. 5.___________(face) the biggest challenge of his career, Bill Gates kept calm.

考点六：

惯用语与固定用法

一般来说，不论是动词不定式作状语、-ing分词做状语，还是动词的过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。但是，有一些非谓语动词短语已经游离出来，成为单独的短语，在句子中作状语。如：

judging by /from(根据…判断), generally speaking(一般说来)，strictly speaking(严格说来), frankly speaking(坦率地说) talking of…（谈到……，提到……）supposing…（假如……）, considering (考虑到)等。

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1.___________ (suppose) he is absent, what shall we do? 2.____________

(think of )the environment we live in, the waste can’t be thrown away around directly. 3._____________

(consider )he was just a little boy, we didn’t punish him.

4.________ （judge）from his appearance, he is a doctor. 5.

_______ (consider) his accent, it can be inferred that he is an Englishman.

当堂训练：

综合练习

1. ______ (live) in Sydney for many years, he knew the city very well.. 2. ______ (not catch) the last bus, he had to go home by taxi. 3.

(write) in haste, the composition is full of mistakes. 4.

(be) short of money, they had to spend the night in a small hotel. 5.

(graduate) from the college, he went to a village and worked as a teacher there.

7. We couldn’t help them,

(be) so poor ourselves.

8. He rushed off, even

(forget) to take his overcoat.

9. When ______ (offer)help, one often says “Thank you.”

or “It’s kind of you.”

10. If _________________(trap) in a burning building, you should send for help. 11. Though______________ (lack) official support，

they continue their struggle.

12. _________(absorb) in deep thought, he didn’t hear the sound.

单句改错：

1. Heard the news ,he got excited. 2. Work hard ,you will surely succeed. 3. Disappointing with the result , I cried. 4. He puts all his heart and soul into the research ,makes great achievement at last. 5. What’s more, it has a length of over 6,000 kilometers ,makes it the longest wall in the world. 6. Seeing from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful to us.

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7. 60% students are against the policy, worry that they will be easily hurt in PE classes if they wear

cloth shoes. 8. Having told many times, he finally understood it. 9. The old man, having been worked abroad for twenty years, came back to his motherland. 10. Pressed by his parents and realized that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games. 11. Facing with many difficulties and challenges, we should stay optimistic. 12. Losing in forest , you should first of all remain where you are, waiting for help to come. 13. Being ill , so he had to stay at home yesterday. 14. Be a student, we must spare no efforts to study hard. 15. Locating in the center of the city, the tourist attraction attracts a great number of tourists every year. 16. Unless you invited to speak, you should remain silent.

分词做状语在语篇中的运用：

One day, it was sunny. I went to school on foot .When ___________(arrive), I found some of my classmates standing out of the classroom with worried faces . Not ___________(know) what happen, I felt puzzled, too. With windows broken, the classroom looked terrible . No one could tell me anything, and no one could enter the room. ____________(lock) for 3 hours, the door was opened at last .The teacher came into the classroom, ____________( follow) by the students. There was a pot of flower in the classroom , which was very beautiful. If ____________(give) more water, the flower might seem fresher. “Nothing serious. Our monitor lost the key and someone broke the window. ____________(seize) every minute to study,

you will be successful!”

said the teacher. ____________(encourage) by the teacher’s words, we decided to work hard!

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