Using LanguageⅡ教案及板书设计

一、课题及授课者： 课例名称：

句法意识补救教学（5）

名词性从句 授

课

者：

增城区郑中钧中学英语科组 卢锦霞

二、教学内容和教学目标：

教学内容：名词性从句与名词性从句语法解题策略；

教学目标：

1、让学生重温知识，判断句子成分、判断名词性从句类型和归纳判断技巧；

2、引导学生根据歌词句意，理解歌曲情感，理解连词的表意功能；

3、引导学生在课堂中使用策略解题，培养做题好习惯（注重解题步骤）；

4、培养学生在教前学，做中学，错中学的意识，克服畏难情绪。

三、教学重点和难点：

教学重点：运用名词性从句语法解题策略和解题步骤；

教学难点：培养学生有意识运用解题策略做题和培养解题好习惯；

四、教学对象及学情分析：

教学对象为高二文科班学生。就英语基础和学习态度而言，10班比9班好；而两个班都存在一个比较突出和共性的问题：句法意识发展水平低。句法意识的发展水平高低决定了英语学习者的语法能力强弱，同时影响其阅读能力和写作能力。学生语法意识水平除了受个人主观因素（包括学习态度和学习能力）影响外，更多地受教师语法教学安排和对学生语法意识的培养影响。现行的初中语文教材以及教法正在“淡化语法”：在汉语教学中，有的语文教师会将一些汉语语法知识如词类、主谓宾（句子成分）等内容省略不讲。语文教学中的“语法淡化”，削弱了汉语对英语学习的“正迁移效应”。同样地，因中考不考查句子成分分析，不少初中英语老师架空了句法基本知识如句子成分和句子结构，单纯依据教材内容和中考考试大纲安排语法教学。在高中教学中，很多英语教师认为学生在初中就学过一些句法常识或以为学生在高一开学初接受了为期1-2周的初高中语法衔接学习就掌握了句法基本知识，没有重视学生在后续学习中句法意识的培养，因此学生到了高二甚至高三还是主谓宾定状补还分不清，主从复合句类型认不出，写作错句连篇。

本人在高二第一学期学测后组织学生学习过句子成分等基本句法知识；但是一个寒假回来，他们已经忘得精光。因此，从本学期初始，本人在教授教材内容之余，开展句法意识补救教学。本节课是句法意识补救教学的第五讲。

五、教学设计与教学实施过程：

【课前自主学习】

Task 1.请写出划线部分充当的句子成分。

1.A mooncake is a delicious, round cake.

（

）

2.A mooncake is a delicious, round cake.

（

）

3.We found the little girl in the hill.

（

）

4.My deskmate, xiaowen, always helps me with my study.

（

）

5.Who will win the match is still unknown.

（

）

6.I insist that she (should) do her work alone.

（

）

7.That is why they lost the game.

（

）

8.The news that we won the game is exciting.

（

）

9.It is known to us how he became a writer.

（

）

10.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.

（

）

【Conclusion】

句5-10 皆是用句子充当某些句子成分，我们把充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语的句子分别称为_______________、_________________、_______________和___________________。

这四种从句统称名词性从句。

Task 2.请用中文口头翻译下面句子并写出斜体加粗词的中文意思。



I.名词性从句-that 从句：

主语从句：That she is still alive is her luck.

（

）

宾语从句：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.

（

）

表语从句：The fact is that he has not been seen recently.

（

）

同位语从句：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.（

）

【Conclusion】

从属连词that在名词性从句中只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中______担任成分，本身也_______词义。



II.名词性从句-wh从句：

主语从句：How the book will sell depends on its author.

（

）

It is not yet decided who will do that job.

（

）

宾语从句：In one's own home one can do

what one likes.

（

）

The club will give whoever wins a prize.

（

）

表语从句：My question is

whose book is here.

（

）

同位语从句：I have no idea when he will return.

（

）

【Conclusion】

由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。Wh-词包括who, whom, whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词。Wh-连词除了和that一样起连接主句和从句的作用，还充当从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语，有词义。

who, whom, whose, whoever分别翻译为_____________________________________ what, whatever, which, whichever分别翻译为_________________________________ where, when, wherever,whenever,how, why分别翻译为__________________________



III. 名词性从句-if/whether从句: 主语从句：Whether the plan is workable remains to be proved.

（

）

宾语从句：I don't care whether you like the plan or not.

（

）

Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday.

（

）

His father is worried about whether he lose his work .

（

）

Whether this is true or not, I really don’t know.

（

）

表语从句：The question is whether they can come in time.

（

）

同位语从句：The doubt whether they have finished the task doesn’t make known. (

)

【Conclusion】

从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句，功能与that相似：起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中______担任成分，但是有词义，意为___________。

if/whether都表示“是否”，但是在以下情况下只能用whether：1.放在句首的主语从句和宾语从句；2.

在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中；3. 在介词后，只能用whether；4.表语从句。

换言之，if表示是否时，一般只用于宾语从句，且不与or not搭配；而whether使用范围广。

【自学总结】

1. ____________________

2.____________________ 

名词性从句包括

3.____________________

4.____________________



名词性从句的连词，分为三类: (1) 从属连词：只起连接作用，不充当从句中的任何成分，如：_______（无词义），_________(有词义)

(2) 连接代词：既起连接作用，本身又充当从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语，如：__________________________________________________________________________

(3) 连接副词：既起连接作用，本身又做从句的状语，如______________________________

设计意图：运用“观察-发现-讨论-归纳”的教学模式，引导学生重温名词性从句的定义、类别和连词的知识，为下面的策略学习作铺垫。

【课中重难点突破】

Part I. Strategy Leaning （策略学习）----工欲善其事必先利其器

Task I. Listen to a song Should It Matter and answer the following questions:

Lyrics（歌词）：

I look at you

please don't walk away

I see you're about to/ There is just something I'd really like to say/ So please don't walk away/I know that you're there

Still you pretend you're not/ Yes I know it hurts

I have also felt the pain/ So should it matter what I do or what I've done/As long as in my heart you're still the only one/ I hear you say it, but I don't think you understand/I can be trusted now I swear to you I can It's been a year a memory from my past/I know what I did wrong/I wish to change just to make it last/But I guess it's been too long/Easy to move on to forget to about it all/Is that what you do hoping I will be gone /So should it matter what I do or what I've done/As long as in my heart

you're still the only one/I hear you say it but I don't think you understand/I can be trusted now I swear to you I can/If you got to know me again, maybe then -- maybe then, we could see what we should do/But that's all up to you/I'll be waiting for you So should it matter what I do or what I've done/As long as in my heart, you're still the only one/ I hear you say it, but I don't think you understand/I can be trusted now I swear to you I can/I hear you say it, but I don't think you understand/I can be trusted now I swear to you I can.

Q1: Describe your feeling after listening to the song:

（每题4分，共4分。）

After listening to the song, I think the song is to express __________________________ __________________________________________________________ (Tips: words to express feeling---happiness/sadness/ sorrow/regret/anger…)

Q2: The following sentences are lyrics of the song. Please tell exactly what clauses they belong to and underline the clauses.

下面的句子是歌词，含名词性从句。请你写出它们是何种从句并划出从句部分。(每题2分,共14分) 1.I know (that) it hurts.

(

)

2.Maybe then, we could see what we should do.

(

) 3. I know that you're there, still you pretend (that) you're not (here).

(

) 4. I hear (that) you say it, but I don't think (that) you understand.

(

)

5. So should it matter what I do or what I've done?

(

)

6. Is that what you do-- hoping I will be gone?

(

)

7.I know the fact that you will never forget the past.

(

)

Task II. Fill the blanks according to the Chinese.

（

以下是名著《呼啸山庄》的内容简介。请根据中文完成句子。每空格2分，共10分。）

1. 希斯克利夫是个孤儿，被山庄主人收养。疯狂爱上庄主的小女儿凯瑟琳，这个事实改变了他的命运。

Heatheliff, an orphan, was adopted by the owner of Wuthering Heights. The fact _______ he fell wildly in love with the little daughter, Catherine, changed his fate.

2. 令他绝望的事情是凯瑟琳背叛了他们的爱情，将嫁给画眉山庄的继承人。

____________ made him desperate was that Catherine betrayed him and would marry the heir of the Grange.

3.他质问凯瑟琳谁是她的最爱和怎样才能赢回她。

He questioned Catherine _________ she loved most and __________ he could win her back.

4.复仇以后，他问自己是否满意这个结局。最后，他以自杀回答了自己。

After the terrible revenge, he asked himself __________ he was satisfied but finally he answered it with suicide.

Task III. Read and choose the right answers. （单项选择。每小题3分，共15分。）

1. ______ we can’t get seems better than_____ we have.

A. What; what

B. What; that

C. That; that

D. That; what

2 --I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.

--Oh, I see. That is______ you had a few days off?

A. why

B. when

C. what

D. where 3 --Do you remember______ he came?

--Yes, I do. He came by car.

A. how

B. when

C. that

D. if 4.What the doctors really doubt is______ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when

B. how

C. whether

D. why

5. The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all. A. that

B. what

C. why

D. which

【技巧小结】



技巧一、如何正确判断复合句是何种复合句？



判断方法其实很简单，关键在于_______________________________,例如：主语从

句往往位于句首并在主句谓语动词前，或带有it作形式主语的复合句中；宾语从句往往出现在主句谓语（及物动词）后或带有it作形式宾语的复合句中；表语从句往往出现在_________________________;同位语从句往往出现在_______________________。



技巧二、如何选择名词性从句的引导词？



名词性从句引导词的选择关键：关注从句缺失什么成分和从句缺失什么意义



名词性从句引导词的选择策略：

策略一：如果从句中缺少主语，或者宾语，或者表语，则考虑用________________: what,

who ,whom, which ,whose ,whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等；具体使用哪个连词，要

口头串一串句子大意，看句子需要补全什么意义的词才完整。

策略二：如果从句中不缺少主语、宾语和表语，但是缺少一定意义的状语，则考虑用

______________: where, when, why, how等

策略三：如果既不缺少任何句子成分，只需要无意义的连词或表示“是否”意义的连词，

则考虑用_________________:that, whether, if等



主从复合句解题好习惯：

做题时，先找出从句，判断何种从句，分析从句缺失什么成分和意义，最后确定连词。

设计意图：此部分为策略学习。歌曲欣赏为的是激发学生学习兴趣，鼓励学生思考歌曲表达的情感和品读歌词。歌曲Should It Matter是09版《呼啸山庄》的电影主题句，其歌词有不少是名词性从句。把歌词和小说简介设为题，目的在于引出名词性从句语法解题策略。

Part II. Practice ---熟能生巧

要求：先找出从句，判断何种从句，分析从句缺失什么成分和意义，最后确定适当的连词。

EX.1.单句语法改错。（第1-2题，每题4分；

3-5题，每题3分；巩固题不计分；共17分）

1. My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.

(2016课标全国I)

2. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. （2016课标全国II）

3.The fact which she laughed at the disabled surprised all of us.

4.If we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

5.What he really means is what he disagrees with us.

巩固题：

1）What the boy didn’t take medicine made his mother angry.

2）What he says and that he does are coincident(一致的).

EX.2.单句填空：用适当连词填空。（1-2题，每题4分；

3-5题，每题3分；共17分）

1. As natural architects（建筑师）, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _________ thick the adobe（土坯）

walls needed to be make the cycle work on the most days.

(2015课标全国II) 2.

I didn’t understand ______ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation（预约保留）.

（2014广东卷）

3. Quite confused, I asked: “Why not?

Isn’t that _________ you want?”

4. One day, he came up with an idea ___________he would pluck up (拔) all of his crop a few inches（英寸）.

5. I realized that the villagers were arguing about _________should have the honor of receiving me as a guest in their house.

巩固题：

1）They may also take one or more exams to test _________ well prepared they are for the

university. 2）The Black Country is about 10 miles from Birmingham（英格兰的伯明翰）. Historically, it was famous for industry, which explains _________ the area is called the Black Country. 3）The doctor explained the situation to her little brother, and asked the boy________ he would be willing to give his blood to his sister．

Ex. 3. 语法篇章填空：在空白处填上适当的连词。（每小题2分，共20分）

Everyone knew 1________Andy was a famous writer, but no one knew 2________she came from and 3________she was born in 1961 was still a mystery. 4_________they did know was 5_________she was loved by poor people because she always helped 6_______was in need of money. Andy was generous and helpful, but some people thought she was chasing fame. Andy said she didn’t understand 7________they were so narrow-minded, but it didn’t matter 8_______ others would thought of her. She just wanted to do 9________she thought was right. I think that is 10______ the meaning of life lies

设计意图：此部分为高考题型训练。练习题型从语法填空到语法改错，形式从单句到篇章。在做题过程中，要求学生运用解题策略，呈现做题思路和留下做题痕迹，目的在于培养做题好习惯。

句法意识补救教学（6）

阅读理解中的复合句

【课前自主学习】

I. 旧题新做-温故知新：

Task 1.阅读下面篇章，找出所有复合句，圈出主句主要成分（主语+谓语），划出从句部分。

Food picked up just a few seconds after being dropped is less likely to contain bacteria than if it is left for longer periods of time，according to the findings of research carried out at Aston University's School of Life and Health Sciences. The findings suggest there may be some scientific basis of the"5-second rule"-the belief about it being fine to eat food that has only had contact with the floor for five seconds or less. Although people have long followed the‘5-second rule', until now it was unclear whether it actually helped.

The study，undertaken by final year Biology students and led by Anthony Hilton，Professor of Microbiology at Aston University，monitored the transfer of the common bacteria from a variety of indoor floor types as carpet，cement floor to toast，pasta，biscuit and a sticky sweet when contact was made from 3to 30seconds．The results showed that：time is a significant factor in the transfer of bacteria from a floor surface to a piece of food，and the type of flooring the food has been dropped on has an effect，with bacteria least likely to transfer from carpeted surfaces and most likely to transfer from cement flooring surfaces to moist foods making contact for more than 5seconds．Professor Hilton said，"Consuming food dropped on the floor still carries an infection risk as it very much depends on which bacteria are present on the floor at the time．"

The Aston team also carried out a survey of the number of people who employ the ‘five-second rule'．The survey showed that：87% of the people surveyed said they would eat food dropped on the floor，or already have done so.55% of those that would，or have eaten food dropped on the floor are women.81% of the women who would eat food from the floor would follow the‘5-second rule'．Professor Hilton added，"Our study showed that a surprisingly large majority of people are happy to consume dropped food，with women the most likely to do so．But they are also more likely to follow the‘5-second rule，which our research has shown to be much than an old wives' tale."

【选自期中考试阅读理解D篇】

Task II.完成下面的阅读理解题：

1. According to the passage，which of the following is true?

____________

A. A toast dropped on the carpet is easier to be polluted than that dropped on the cement floor. B. A sticky chocolate dropped on the carpet is easier to be polluted than that dropped on the cement floor. C. The food dropped on the carpet shares the same potential of being polluted with the food dropped on the cement floor. D. The food dropped on the cement floor is not as safe as food dropped on the carpet within

30seconds. 1.

What is the passage probably developed?

__________

A. Contrast B. Example C. Time D. Space 2.How did Professor Hilton feel after analyzing how many people chose to eat dropped food? _____________

A. Puzzled B. Upset C. Satisfied D. Astonished 2.

What is the main idea of this passage? ______

A. The food which is dropped on the floor can be eaten safely．

B. A research on the safety of food dropped on the floor is undertaken．

C. The bacteria have no negative effect on the safety of food．

D. People surveyed in the research are willing to accept the idea．

II. 想一想：

现象：有时候在阅读中，明明句子的单词都懂，但是就是不明白句子讲什么；好像明白句子讲什么，但是就是选不出正确的答案。

思考：为什么会这样？

_____________________________________________________________________________