Warming up、Pre-reading、Reading、Comprehending10分钟试讲教案

Unit5 Grammar 名师教学设计

设计意图

This period is the last part of this unit. The aim of it is to help students get a basic knowledge of grammar in this unit. The emphasis is mainly focused on the understanding and usage of word formation. Therefore, teachers should create relatively real context to present enough words for students to draw a conclusion about the rules of how to use word formation to extend both their active and passive vocabulary. Meanwhile, teachers should not spend too much time in explaining the grammar but offer more opportunities to students to practice this kind of grammar. The best way to learn grammar is to put it into practice. In addition, the exercises designed ought to be simple and easy, which fits the students’ cognitive rules and enhances their ability. 教学重点

Enable students to get familiar with how to use word formation to enlarge their vocabulary, and in the time to improve their reading ability. 教学难点

Get students to grasp the rules of using word formation correctly and help them put these rules into their daily study. 教学目标

1. Help students know about the rules of this grammar point. (1) Study three main kinds of word formation: compounding, conversion and derivation. (2) Deal with some exercises about word formation. 2. Enable students to make use of word formation to extend their vocabulary. 呈现新知

Lead-in Hello, everybody! Today we are going to learn a new kind of grammar: word formation. Since you words of the following sentences and talk about the meanings of them, meanwhile pay attention to the formation of them.

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1. There are _____ (不同的) kinds of theme parks, with a different park for almost _____ (一切). 2. Some parks are famous for having the __________ (最大或最长的过山车). 3. _____ (不论哪一个和不论什么) you like, there is a theme park for you. 4. The theme park you are _____ (很有可能) most familiar with is Disneyland. 5. If you want to _____ (体验) the ancient days and great deeds of English knight and ladies, princes and queens, then England’s Camelot Park is the place for you.

6. Every area of the park is _____ (仿效，仿造) after life in the days of King Arthur and the knights of the Round Table. The teacher gives students several minutes to finish this exercise and lets students talk about the formation of these words. At the same time the teacher writes down model words on the blackboard. Suggested answers: 1. various, everything

“Various” is a derivation of the word “vary”; “everything” is a compounding of the two words “every” and “thing”.

2. the biggest or longest roller coasters

“Biggest” and “longest” are both derivations; “roller coasters” is a compounding word.

3. Whichever and whatever

“Whichever and whatever” are both compounding words. 4. probably

“Probably” is a derivation of the word “probable”.

5. experience

“Experience” here can be looked as a conversion, and it is used as a verb. 6. modeled

“Model” is originally a noun but here it is a conversion and “be modeled after” is a set phrase.

When students finish these exercises, make sure that they: (1) Have a concept of word formation. (2) Arouse the awareness of getting to know the rules of forming words. 感受新知

Well, from the six sentences above we can see, there are different kinds of ways to form words. But generally speaking, word formation mainly includes three kinds: compounding, derivation and conversion. You may find some difficulties in

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understanding how to grasp the rules of word formation. Don’t worry. We will learn their concept and rules one by one. The following three exercises will be of great help about how some words are formed, which will enlarge your vocabulary as well as improve your reading ability. 1. Combine the words from the first two columns to make new words in the third column and discuss the characteristic of the word formation in Column 3. Column1 police black English ordinary how cow passer post bus man Column 2 by ever looking office board boy made stop speaking woman Column 3 (1) _____ (2) _____ (3) _____ (4) _____ (5) _____ (6) _____ (7) _____ (8) _____ (9) _____ (10) _____ The characteristic of the word formation: words in Column 3 are all _____ words. Suggested answers: (1) policewoman

(2) blackboard

(3) English-speaking

(4) ordinary-looking

(5) however

(6) cowboy

(7) passer-by

(8) post office

(9) bus stop

(10) man-made The characteristic of the word formation in Column 3: words in Column 3 are all compounding words. 2. Write out the missing words in their correct forms according to the requirements and observe the characteristic of the word formation. Verb/Noun/Adj.

agree usual successful Opposite word

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Noun

×

Adj. /Adv.

polite knowledge possible

×

The characteristic of the word formation: the missing words are all _____ words. Suggested answers：

Verb/Noun/Adj.

agree usual successful polite knowledge possible Opposite word disagree unusual unsuccessful impolite ×

impossible Noun agreement ×

success politeness knowledge possibility Adj. /Adv. agreeable usually successfully politely knowledgeable possibly The characteristic of the word formation: the missing words are all derivations. 3. Read the following sentences and find out the part of speech of the underlined words. Meanwhile translate them into Chinese. (1) Where there is a will, there is a way. You can do whatever you will do. The newly-built museum will be open to the public next year. (2)The use of too much fertilizer leads to serious problems. Nowadays people can use the computer to do a large quantity of things. (3)Experts present at the conference are from all over the world. She bought a special present for her mother’s birthday.

(4)Weather permitting, we will go hiking tomorrow. Finally I managed to get my driving permit. Give students five minutes to finish this exercise and strengthen their sense of conversion. Suggested answers: (1)第一个“will”是一个名词，意为“意志，志气”；第二个“will”是一个情态动词，意为“愿意”；第三个“will”是助动词，表示“将来”。

(2)第一个“use”是一个名词，意为“使用”，第二个“use”是一个动词，意为“使

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用，利用”。

(3)第一个“present”是一个形容词，意为“出席的，在场的”；第二个“present”是一个名词，意为“礼物”。

(4)第一个“permit”是一个动词，意为“允许，准许”；第二个“permit”是一个名词，意为“许可证”。

归纳拓展

Well, we have a little understanding of word formation. However, when you observe some compounding words, derivative words and transformation words, you may discover there are rules in forming each pattern of these three kinds of words. Let’s explore more about these three main kinds of word formation by finishing the following exercises. Please do them carefully, which will greatly help you know word formation and help you remember some new words easily in your daily study. 1. Fill in the blanks and discuss the concept and rules of forming compounding words. (1) Compounding noun n. + n.: week + end— _____;

air + conditioner_____;

silk + worm—_____ adj. + n.: gentle + man—_____;

fast + food—_____;

solar + system—_____ v. -ing + n.: reading + room—_____;

flying + fish—_____;

waiting + room —_____ n. + v. -ing: hand + writing—_____;

sun + bathing—_____ v. + adv.: get + together—_____;

break + through—_____ Exception: type + writer—_____;

out + break—_____;

go + between—_____ Suggested answers: weekend; air conditioner; silkworm; gentleman; fast food; solar system; reading room; flying fish; waiting room; handwriting; sun-bathing; get-together; break-through; typewriter; outbreak; go-between (2) Compounding adjective adj. + n. + ed: noble + minded—_____; adj. +v. -ing: good + looking—_____;

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warm + hearted—_____ easy + going—_____

adv. +v. -ing: hard + working—_____; n. + v. -ing: English + speaking—_____; n. + v. -ed: man + made—_____; adj. /adv. + v. -ed: well + known—_____; num. +n. + ed: five + storeyed—_____; n. +adj.: snow + white—_____; num. + n. + adj.: two + year + old—_____; far + reaching—_____ peace + loving—_____ state + owned—_____ wide + spread—_____ four + legged—_____ world + famous—_____ five + meter + long—_____ Suggested answers: noble-minded; warm-hearted; good-looking; easy-going; hard-working; far-reaching; English-speaking; peace-loving; man-made; state-owned; well-known; wide-spread; five-storeyed; four-legged; snow-white; world-famous; two-year-old; five-meter-long (3) Compounding verb /adv. /prep. sleep + walk—_____; over + throw—_____; before + hand—_____; every + where—_____; for + ever—_____; in + side—_____; with + in—_____; in + to—_____ Suggested answers: sleepwalk; overthrow; beforehand; everywhere; forever; inside; within; into The teacher guides students to draw conclusions as follows: Compounding is to combine two or three or more words together. Sometimes the words are connected by a link symbol; sometimes they are directly written together; sometimes they are formed by two or more separate words. 2. Write out the words according to the meaning of each sentence and words given and pay more attention to their word formation. (1) The boy ran so quickly that he _____ (appear) in the crowd soon. (2) Much to her mother’s surprise, most of the girls’ maths answers are _____ (correct), which made her very angry. (3) With the man’s _____ (lead), they didn’t get to their destination finally.

(4) Tom was so tired that he fell _____ (sleep) on the desk, (5) With the development of modern science and technology, more and more

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wasted things can be _____ (use)。

(6) I don’t like people speaking with a _____ (满口). (7) He went to the theatre earlier to see his most favourite _____ (music). (8) Students are usually encouraged to take part in more social activities to _____ (wide) their horizons. (9) Grown-up as he is, he has a _____ (child) face. (10) A sign is put up to warn people of the _____ (snow) road. After finishing these exercises, give students several minutes to observe the answers and draw the following conclusion: All these answers are derivative words. But there are mainly two kinds of derivative words. One is prefixed words (1~5) and the other is suffixed words (6~10). Suggested answers: (1) disappeared

(2) incorrect

(3) misleading

(4) asleep

(5) reused

(6) mouthful

(7) musician

(8) widen

(9) childish

(10) snowy 3. Read the passage and find out the transformation words and conclude some rules of these words. Mike, who is a man of strong build, went out for a walk on Sunday. On his way to the seaside, he met one of his best friends. Therefore, they determined to have a swim. An hour later, they were tired and they booked two seats on the shore. After the waiter handed them a menu, they ordered some delicious food and lunched together. During lunch, they made up their minds to better our people’s living condition so that the young were able to get good education and the old would live a happy life. They both enjoyed themselves very much that day. Suggested answers: build“体格健壮”；walk“散步”；swim“游泳”以上三个词本来是动词，但在句中都被活用作名词。booked“预定”；handed“递给”；lunched“吃午饭”以上三个词本来都是名词，但在句中都被活用作动词。better“改善”，better本来是形容词，此处活用作动词。the young“年轻人”，the old“老年人”形容词前加the，指一类人。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

巩固运用

Till now students have understood the grammar fully. Put the grammatical rules

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into practice to consolidate them by finishing the following two exercises. I. 单句改错

1. The possibly that the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed. 2. We must strength government of the people, by the people and for the people. 3. He is a very famous actress. He has played many important parts in different films. 4. The sperm whale can dive to a deep of more than 1,000 meters in the sea. 5. Because of her bad state of healthy, she can’t go out for the sightseeing. 6. Thank you for your describe of the conditions here. 7. It’s really dust in this room. It’s a long time since someone last lived in it.

8. We all don’t know how dark happens.

9. She offered us lots of value information, which played an important part in catching the thief. 10. We wish you a pleasure journey back home. Suggested answers: 1. possibly → possibility

2. strength → strengthen

3. actress → actor

4. deep → depth

5. healthy → health

6. describe → description

7. dust → dusty

8. dark → darkness

9. value → valuable

10. pleasure → pleasant

Ⅱ.单项填空

1. The man was _____ enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job. A. care B. careful C. careless D. carelessness 2. The soldier died for saving the child, so his _____ is heavier than Mountain Tai. A. die B. dead C. died D. death 3. The child looked _____ at his elder brother who was badly injured in the traffic accident. A. sadly B. sadness C. sadder

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D.sad 4. He is an expert at chemistry. We all call him a _____.

A. chemistry B. chemical C. chemist D. physician 5. My TV is out of order. Can you tell me what is the _____ news about the strike? A. lately B. latest C. later D. latter 6. Stephenson became the _____ railway engineer in the world. A. lead B. leader C. leading D. leadership 7. How _____ he is! He is always acting _____. He is really a _____. A. foolish; foolishly; fool C. foolish; fool; fool B. fool; foolish; fool D. foolishly; foolish; fool 8. To everyone’s _____, the girl finished the job quite well. A. satisfy B. satisfactory C. satisfying D. satisfaction 9. —My teacher asked me to write a passage about _____ in English. —You can write a _____ passage in English. A. 600 words; 600-words C. 600-words; 600-word B. 600-word; 600-words D. 600 words; 600-word 10. Letting that animal escape was no accident, you did it _____. A. intend B. intentionally C. intention D. intentional 11. You must come with us to the police _____. Our head is waiting for you. A. headquarters B. headline C. headmaster D. headache 12. Two _____ and three _____ attended the meeting. A. Englishmans; Germen C. Englishmen; Germans B. Englishmen; Germen D. Englishmans; Germans 13. In Britain _____ are all painted red. A. letter boxes B. letters boxes C. letter box 14. A great many _____ are _____. A. passers-by; grown-ups C. passer-bys; grown-ups B. passers-by; grown-up D. passer-bys; grown-up D. letters box 15. She is the only one among the _____ writers who _____ stories for children. A. woman; writes C. women; writes

B. women; write D. woman; write

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16. We have two _____ in our town and a new chemical _____ is open soon. A. iron works; works C. iron work; work B. iron works; work D. iron work; works 17. _____ of the deaths in this accident were senior high school students. A. Two-third B. Two-thirds C. Two-three D. Second-three 18. Many students signed up for the _____ race in the sports meeting to be held next week. A.800-meter-long C. 800 meter length B. 800-meters-long D. 800 meters length 19. Beyond the mountain there are several _____. A. settling B. settler C. settlements D. settlement 20. She broke a _____ while washing up. A. glass wine

B. glass for wine D. wine glass C. glass of wine

Suggested answers: 1. C

was是系动词，后应用形容词careless，careful也是形容词，但不符合句意“这个男人太粗心了以至于他没有告诉经理他将不做这份工作”。

2. D

此句缺少主语，故用die的名词形式death。句意：这个士兵为救孩子而死，因此他的死重于泰山。

3. A

looked at是动词短语，修饰动词短语的要用副词sadly。句意：这个孩子悲伤地看着在交通事故中受伤严重的哥哥。

4. C

根据空前的冠词a可知，此空需要名词，排除B项；再参考句意“他是化学方面的专家，因此我们都叫他化学家。”排除A项和D项，physician意为“内科医生”。

5. B

根据语境此处需要一个形容词，故排除A项。句意：我的电视出了故障，你能告诉我最新的有关罢工的情况吗？latest “最新的”符合句意。later“较晚的，较晚地”：latter “后者”都不符合句意。

6. C

根据语境，此空需要一个形容词。句意：史蒂芬森变成了世界上领先的铁路工程师。leading意为“领先的”。故选C项。

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7. A

第一空作is的表语，故用形容词，第二空修饰acting这个动词，要用副词，第三空前的提示要用名词。句意：他是多么傻啊！他总是表现得傻傻的。他真是一个傻子。故选A项。

8. D

根据语境此处要用satisfy的名词形式satisfaction。to everyone’s satisfaction意为“令人满意的是”。句意：令大家满意的是，这个女孩出色地完成了此项工作。

9. D

在词组a passage about _____ in English中缺少后置定语，故用600 words，而在词组a _____ passage in English中缺少一个修饰passage的形容词，故用600-word。

10. B

根据语境，此处需要一个修饰“did it”这个动词词组的副词。句意：那只动物逃跑了并不是偶然的，是你故意这么做的。故选B项。

11. A

headquarters “总部”；headline “头版头条”；headmaster “校长”；headache “头疼”。句意：你必须和我们一道去一下警察总部，我们的领导在等你。故选A 项。

12. C

Englishman的复数是Englishmen German的复数是Germans。

13. A

“letter box”意为信箱，此处letter是名词作定语，因为空后的谓语动词是复数，故用letter boxes。

14. A

在passer-by中，中心词是passer，故在其后加s。而grown-up中，分不清哪个是中心词，故在grown-up后加s。

15. C

woman和man作定语修饰名词变复数时，需要变woman和man为women和men，同时因为先行词among the _____ writers前有the only one修饰，故定语从句的谓语动词用单数writes。

16. A

work的复数形式有“著作”的意思，也有“工厂”的意思，此时单复数相同。此句中works就是工厂的意思。句意：在镇上我们有两家铁厂并且一家新的化工厂很快就要开业了。

17. B

考查合成词分数的表达方式，分子要用基数词，分母要用序数词，如果分子大于一，分母要用复数形式。分子和分母之间一般用连字符连接，故选B项。

18. A

800米长的表达方式是800-meter-long，名词一定用单数，三个词之间

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用连字符连接。

19. C

此处需要settle的名词settlement。句意：山那边有几处村落。

20. D

wine glass意为“酒杯”。句意：清洗杯具时，她打碎了一个酒杯。

Summary In this period, we have learned a new kind of grammar: word formation. It is of great importance for you to master the rules of word formation. Do remember to practice them in your daily study. Homework Go over what we’ve learned in this class, collect the mistakes you made in your exercises and take notes on your notebook. Word formation Compounding: Compounding noun Derivation Prefix Suffix Homework Memorize the rules of word formation. Collect the mistakes you made in your exercises and take notes on your note-book. Compounding verb /adv. Conversion：

/prep.

Compounding adjective

verb—n.

adj.—verb adj. —n.

adj. —n.

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